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Technology to remove sulfur oxides (NOx) from flue gases for large combustion plants
Hrubý, Radomír ; Bojanovský, Jiří (referee) ; Jecha, David (advisor)
In the specified large combustion plant, fuel with a large content of sulfur is burned. The current desulfurisation method is not able to meet the new emission limits, therefore it is necessary to design an adequate desulphurisation method. The theoretical part of this diploma thesis contains a description of the legislation related to emission limits for large combustion plants and an analysis of individual technological methods of desulphurization together with a description of the relevant sorbents. The practical part of the work contains a design of dry conditioned sorption with the using of a calcium-based sorbent. The basic technological and structural design is designed together with the spatial solution and dispositional solution of the whole technology.
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Technology to remove nitrogen oxides (NOx) from flue gases for large combustion plants
Kučera, Jan ; Brummer, Vladimír (referee) ; Jecha, David (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with selected abatement techniques of nitrogen oxides (NOx) developed for large combustion plants. The first part describes selected NOx, their properties and explains the formation during combustion. Furthermore, there is an analysis of current legal legislation regulating the issue of emission limits. The third part presents selected primary and secondary measures that are widely used. The emphasis is placed on the description of selective catalytic (SCR) and non-catalytic reduction (SNCR). Finally, the basic design of these technologies for model combustion equipment is performed. The consumption of reducing medium and the volume of the catalyst for the mentioned techniques are calculated here. The estimate of selected operating and investment costs is a part of the basic scheme.
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Efficacy overflows
Šlechtová, Tereza ; Úterský, Michal (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor´s thesis is to process the recherche of the overflow chambers The first part of this thesis includes the legislation of the overflow chambers. The following list provides a short description of the individual types of the overflow chambers and building materials which we use the most often. The thesis deals with technical proposal and hydraulic computation.The allovable pollution of diluted water is presented by dint of emission limits and pollution limits which are caused by the overflow chambers. In the practical part of this thesis are used valuable lessons learned from the theoretical parts. The aim of this part is recognition of the selected overflow chambers in the combined sewerage system in the city of Brno. The chambers were monitoring during measuring campaign in 2017. The overflow chambers were evaluated to their efficiency and construction conditions. In the latest bulit and current moved overflow chambers was calculated the ratio of dilution.
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Boilers for solid fuel
Hotový, Michal ; Štelcl, Otakar (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The task of this bachelor thesis is write up a research about solid fuel boilers and describe solid fuels. In second part of bachelor thesis I make an experiment. I measure an emission and efficient burning wood and coal.
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Sulfur dioxide emissions
Borýsek, Václav ; Štelcl, Otakar (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with emissions of sulphur oxides. First are described their properties, influence on human health and their impact on the environment. Next thesis deals with present situation of emissions and emission limits. After that selected methods of reduction of sulphur dioxide emissions are described and for representative technology mass balance has been made. Last part describes taken measurements and presents their results.
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Impact of Wood Moisture on Gas Emissions Production
Kantor, Tomáš ; Brázdil, Marian (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with effect of wood moisture on production of gaseous emissions. Theoretical part is composed by background research dealing with a concept of biomass as a solid fuel and biomass combustion. In practical part, the combustion tests in a fireplace inlay are performed for wood of different moisture content. In conclusion, results are compared with valid emission limits and legislation.
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Catalytic oxidation of VOC on commercially available catalysts
Osička, Tomáš ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
The main topic of this thesis is a catalytic oxidation which belongs to a group of modern technologies for removing emission of CO and VOC from waste air. In the introduction of this thesis, the basic concepts are defined. Further the legislative requirements associated with VOC emissions, emission limits and conditions are summarized. Described destructive and non-destructive methods for removing VOCs from waste gases are also briefly described. Increased attention is paid to the catalytic oxidation as the main theme of the thesis. It was searched for industrial applications where the catalytic oxidation is used. Another chapter is devoted to the theoretical analysis of kinetics of catalytic oxidation reactions. Firstly, the basic types of reactors are described and also material balance and reaction rate for the isothermal and adiabatic reactor. In the experimental part results of performed kinetic measurements on a pilot unit for catalytic commonly used organic solvents (VOCs) using commercially available catalysts were summarized. Pre-exponential factors and activation energies for sprinkling catalysts EnviCat VOC-5565 and EnviCat 55068 for substances ethanol, toluene and acetone were determined. "Light-off" curves for these substances and methane were measured and on sprinkled catalyst EnviCat 55068 and on monolithic catalyst Purelyst PH-304.
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Distribution of heavy metals in waste incinerator
Poláková, Annamária ; Brummer, Vladimír (referee) ; Jecha, David (advisor)
The main scope of thesis is to describe the pollutant removal techniques with a focus on heavy metals. With that relate chapters describing the formation of pollutants and their effect on human health. The thesis focuses on a detailed description of flue gas cleaning technology and its evaluation. Evaluation is shown in tables comparing emission measurement on waste incineration plant SAKO Brno, a.s. with emission limits. The thesis also briefly describes other options for municipal waste management.
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Gasification of hammer-milled chipboard
Hniličková, Veronika ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This Master Thesis is about the Gasification of hammer-milled chipboard. The opening part is about general theory of bio-mass gasification and the gasification machines. Next there is a chapter about the products which are included in the gas after gasification and the methods, how to remove them from the gas. This thesis is about gasification legislative acts and novels too. The main body of the thesis is about the experimental gasification in Biofluid 100 machine. This machine is located in the Fakulty of Mechanical Engineering in Brno. There were the samples of gases and tars collected during the gasification. From this samples was made the analysis. Then the mass content BTEX, n-alkans and PAHs.According the process of experiments was set the procedure of gasification. Finally there was a evaluation of the chipboard gasification made.
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Marketing management of cement filtration technology for construction industry in Czech and Slovak republic
Beránek, Petr ; Boxhofer, Martin (referee) ; Linkeschová, Dana (advisor)
Globally, cement industry is one of the most energy consuming industries. Moreover, production of emissions as dust, CO2, NOX, SO2 and heavy metals from manufacturing process is considered as environmentally harmful. However according to predictions of World Wildlife Found (WWF) and International Energy Agency (IEA) global cement demand is going to increase in next decades. For appropriate cement industry understanding data about production of harmful emissions were collected and cement production process was described in the thesis. The thesis mainly analyzed potential for Upper Austrian Company Kappa GmbH to install dedusting system on Czech or Slovak cement plants in next 2-3 years. Kappa´s dedusting systems are able to significantly reduced dust emissions exhaust from cement plants. However as for Company Kappa GmbH cement industry is a new industry branch in which company would like to operate in future, therefore certain objectives have be to overcome. The thesis found those objectives and gives recommendations for their solutions.
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