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Mechanical design of experimental collimator
Toman, Ladislav ; Macháček, Ondřej (referee) ; Klapka, Milan (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the mechanical design of the correction collimator, which is used for the axial rotation of the optical assembly, and also with the mechanical design of the device for height positioning of the auxiliary telescope of correction collimator. The bachelor thesis is divided into six main chapters. These chapters deal with the principle of the optical systems functionality, the principle of the correction collimator functionality, there are also mentioned types of correction collimators, there is description of the problem, individual proposals of the two preparations, their analysis, selection of suitable variants and their design solutions. Drawings of individual parts and assemblies are part of the bachelor thesis.
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Educations of mothers in the handing of the newborn
SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Natálie
This bachelor thesis deals with the education of mothers in manipulation with a newborn. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis deals with and describes the basics of the educational process, education in nursing and midwifery and in the end concludes what the education of a mother in education of a newborn should contain. The other chapters of the theoretical part inform readers about the neonatal period and about the principles of proper manipulation at each action. The research part of the bachelor thesis deals primarily with skills of mothers at the manipulation with a newborn. Two research goals were set in advance. The first goal of the bachelor thesis was to find out about skills of mothers in manipulation with a newborn. The second goal was to reeducate mothers, who did not know the right answer in the interview or those mothers, who did not keep the safety principles of manipulation with a newborn. Three questions coresponded with the mentioned goals. The first question has to find out, to what extent are women educated in the principles and safety of care about a newborn, the second question asks in what way are mothers educated and the last question takes interest in at what level are the skills of mothers in manipulation with a newborn. The research survey has been conducted in the Hospital of České Budějovice, a.s. The research file consisted of mothers who were three days after the physiological birth giving in the department of childbed. This survey has been conducted qualitatively, interviews and observations were used to reach the goal. Seven mothers took part in the qualitative survey. The interview included eleven questions, which collected information on knowledge of the mother gained by education. The women were overall educated about the care of a newborn, when it comes to a safe manipulation they were educated properly about the basic actions which they would not do without at home. Among these actions we have included for the observation bath, nursing, belching, overcarrying and changing dipers of the baby. About these actions are women in the Hospital of České Budějovice a.s. educated most, a lot of time is dedicated to them, because the education does not involve only the oral transfer of information but mainly practical demonstration and training of skills. The output of the bachelor thesis is an informative leaflet aimed at the principles of the right communication with the newborn, which can be used in practice as a help for mothers in the department of childbed.
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Positioning effect on child development in infancy.
Mádlová, Markéta ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Paulová, Markéta (referee)
This thesis is focused on positioning the child in the early stages of his life. Greater importance is attached to positioning since 1992 when the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) published recommendations for a healthy baby sleep position. In connection with the recommended supine sleep position has been a decrease in the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), which was the primary reason for the worldwide campaign (Back to Sleep Campaign). Prone or supine position may affect early motor development or be a cause of deformities of the skull. Higher exposure supine position may cause variations in the physiological development of the skull and results in a positional plagiocephaly (PP) or dental arch deformities.
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Positioning premature infants in terms of respiratory function and sucking
Matoušková, Marie ; Zounková, Irena (advisor) ; Smolíková, Libuše (referee)
The aim of the thesis "positioning premature infants in terms of respiratory function and intake" is familiar with the term and preterm infant characteristics of this term. Further, there are given the anatomical and physiological differences from mature immature newborn (physiological) newborns, and some pathology of respiratory and digestive tract of preterm infants. The work discusses the positioning of premature infants and introduces the possibility of positioning in terms of respiratory function and suction. The work also includes case study prematurely born child Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Turn - over positioning table
Mareček, Vojtěch ; Dokoupil, Vladimír (referee) ; Foller, Bronislav (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with projection and general design of rotary indexing table for dedicated machine tools. The major attention is given to substitution of hydraulic drive table by table driven by servomotor, namely double axis its positions in vertical and horizontal directions. The total configuration of rotary table is solved as a construction kit, user can used any servomotor and additive gearbox. The work is concentrated to the optimization of table construction for this new designed conception. The positioning and fixing of table plate is solved by couple of Hirth couplings with central hydraulic motor. The computational part of work includes calculations of dynamic of rotary motion of the table and hydraulic system. All important screw connection, gear wheels and Hirth couplings were verified by calculations. Also working lifetime of bearings and strength deformation of major constructional sections of rotary table verification were controlled. Inherent part of work is security analysis, economics analysis, patent search and analysis of construction identity. Presented work contains three-dimensional model, drawing documentation of both variants of configurations and production drawing of major section parts of rotary table.
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The importance and possibilities of positioning of patients after stroke
PLOUHAROVÁ, Kamila
This bachelor thesis is about the importance and possibilities of positioning of patients after stroke. The thesis is divided into theoretical part and practical part. The theoretical part deals with a summary of theoretical knowledge about stroke and possibilities of positioning patients after stroke. There is a more detailed description of antispastic positions, which are based on the Bobath concept. The thesis also includes information about other ways of positioning, which are positioning based on the concept of basal stimulation, positioning using inflatable splints, canistherapy and the suitable supply of information to the patient. The aim of the practical part of the thesis is to evaluate the importance of positioning of patients after stroke by comparing the entry and exit examination and suggest short and long term rehabilitation plan for patients. In practical part was chosen qualitative research a case study that was performed with 5 patients after stroke. Patients were selected randomly during my practice in hospital in České Budějovice at the Neurological and Rehabilitation Department. Data collection was performed processing of case studies, which used the method of observation, interviewing patients and nursing staff and secondary data analysis. Each case report contains anamnesis, entry and exit examinations, proposal of short and long term rehabilitation plan and information about therapy, which patients participated. The results of the thesis show that physical conditions were improved by patients described in case studies 1, 2 and 3. Patients 1 and 3 also improved their psychological conditions. The patient described in the case study 2 did not have any psychological problem at the beginning of the research. The physical and psychological conditions were not improved by patients 4 and 5, but avoid the formation of pressure ulcers and to reduce passive range of motion. Improvement by patients 1, 2 and 3 can be caused by favourable prognosis early in the disease and also care of multidisciplinary team. Against to this by patients 4 and 5 was the prognosis unfavourable.
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Nurses and physical therapist cooperation for clients after stroke
ŠOULOVÁ, Kateřina
Theoretical base: The brain stroke is one of the most frequented illness which affect our population and which belongs to the second place between reasons of the death. We can divide strokes by origin on ischemics and hemoragics. The biggest part of strokes is composed of ischemics brain strokes, approximately 85%. The rest of strokes are hemoragics brain strokes. When affect patient the brain stroke is necessary fast transport to the hospital, screening and institution of medical treatment. Important part of medical treatment is comprehensive health care which is arranged thanks for the good function multidisciplinary team. It is necessary cooperation of nurses and physiotherapist in the rehabilitation care too. Last not least it is necessary that the patient is the part of the care and the motivation to the cooperation trying to return him to his normal life. My bachelor work is divided into the theoretic part and empiric part. In theoretic part we talk about brain stroke, health care, rehabilitee care and cooperation between nurses and physiotherapist. In empiric part there are results of the research.The objective of the work: The object of empiric part was mapping the cooperation of nurses and physiotherapists with clients after brain stroke in the hospital. For realization of the objective were determinate two questions. In what consist the cooperation between nurses and physiotherapists with clients after the brain stroke? The second question was: What problems complicate the cooperation between nurses and physiotherapists? Methodology: For processing the bachelor work was used qualitative research. For collecting dates we used forms of hidden observation and half structured conversations. The research was realized with 7 nurses and 3 physiotherapists in the hospital in neurologic ward and after care ward. The collection of dates was realized by the approval of the main nurse and head nurses in wards which I named. For keeping the anonymity the agreement is not the part of the bachelor work but it is possible to see it at author of the bachelor work. The research was anonymous, observation and conversations were realized from 23.3.2015 to 17.4.2015. For realization of the research was used the form f hidden participating observation. Discovered dates were written into the diary of observations of sisters (annexe 5) and of physiotherapists (annexe 6) during the observation. Discovered information were rewritten and evaluated. For collecting dates was applicate half structured conversation. I put 35 questions to nurses (annexe 7) and 28 questions to physiotherapists (annexe 8) which were completed thanks for other questions. Conversations were realized with the group of observed nurses and physiotherapists. Answers were written and then rewritten (annexe 9). Obtained dates were analysed, evaluated and sorted into categorical groups. Solutions: Thanks for the research we could see the cooperation between nurses and physiotherapists. The cooperation between them is in the passing on information because awareness is key for giving care. We discovered that they cooperate in rehabilitee care like is setting into position, putting clients to sit down on another place, putting clients to sit down, half help and practise of daily activities. The deficiency was noticed in not cooperation of nurses with physiotherapists next to the bed of the client. From conversations we discovered that nurses are not informed from physiotherapists about correct setting into right position even it is in their competence. From results we can see that the cooperation between nurse and physiotherapist hardly the deficiency of time which we can see in passing information and two-way cooperation. Other factor is changing of physiotherapists in the ward and insufficient consultation in the care of the patient.
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Manipulation with patient as a nursing problem
BLÁHOVÁ, Kateřina
Current status Patient handling is a comprehensive process. A nurse handles patients many times a day throughout the entire time of hospitalization. The range of processes that require patient handling is very broad. Patient handling takes up a relatively big part of time and efforts in the course of positioning. While handling patients the nurse´s motoric system is loaded and this may result in musculoskeletal diseases and subsequent incapacity to work. Incorrect handling also increases the risk of damaging the patient. The risk may be eliminated to a certain extent by the use of handling aids and by observation of barrier nursing care and occupational health and safety rules. An important role is also played by education of nurses and healthcare workers in the area of motoric communication concepts. Objective of the work and research questions Three objectives were set for the research survey. The first objective was to identify the issues faced by nurses in the process of patient handling. The second objective was to map aids most frequently used by nurses for patient handling. The third objective focused on education of nurses about patient handling. Six research questions were formulated to achieve the objectives: 1. Which undesired events may occur in the process of patient handling? 2. Which problems do nurses see in the process of patient handling? 3. Do nurses have aids available to ensure safe handling of patients? 4. Are nurses able to use aids for patient handling? 5. Which methods do nurses use to facilitate patient handling? 6. Do nurses have opportunities for /are they willing to get education about patient handling? Method The method of qualitative research was used for the empirical part of the bachelor thesis. The data were collected by means of two techniques: semi-structured interview and covert participant observation. The interviews were conducted, using a previously prepared set of questions, with nine nurses who work in three in-patient wards in a hospital in the South Bohemian region. Observations were conducted in the same wards as the interviews. The resulting data were categorized and evaluated. A precondition for the research survey was to keep all the respondents and the healthcare facility anonymous. Results The results of the survey indicate that the most frequent undesired events which may occur during patient handling are injuries of the patients or personnel. The principal issues seen by the nurses are the weight of patients and limiting conditions of the environment. Despite the fact that the nurses reported sufficient quantity of aids for safe handling of patients they would appreciate a different structure of the aids. Moreover, the observations have shown that they are not always able to use the aids correctly. The nurses use simple non-technical aids to facilitate patient handling and they also use methods of handling by several persons. Conclusion The empirical survey has shown that patient handling is the activity performed on everyday basis by nurses performing their jobs and providing nursing care. Such activities expose nurses to physical load and they also need to deal with a number of problems. They approach patient handling in a quite conservative manner and they only use a few basic handling aids. They do not have more sophisticated aids available at their workplaces and by now they have not shown any interest in getting them. The nurses fail to use any motoric communication concept in the handling process, such as kinaesthetics. An overwhelming majority of the nurses have never heard about kinaesthetics or their notion about it was totally incorrect. We can conclude from the obtained results that most of the nurses are interested in education about correct patient handling techniques.
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Medical standing devices
Vadják, Šimon ; Ronzhina, Marina (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
This bachelor‘s thesis deals with patient verticalization and medical standing devices, which we use for this purpose. These findings are particularly important for rehabilitation and nursing care and also for the development of new standing devices. The bachelor‘s thesis describes the basic con¬cepts of human motor skills, the effect of changing position on the human organism, an overview of medical standing devices and their comparison. Thesis deals with comparison of the technical pa¬rameters of two standing devices more closely, standing device BALANCE Trainer and STOJ. The final part is devoted to measuring blood pressure using the noninvasive, continuous method of measuring at a group of wheelchair users during verticalization. I created a program with a graphical interface which allows measured data to load, display and measure, in numerical compu-ting environment MATLAB (version 7.9.0-R2009B). The results were statistically tested in the same numerical computing environment.
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Control of linear drives HIWIN
Roman, Jan ; Kaván, Martin (referee) ; Houška, Pavel (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with three phase linear synchronous electric motors mounted on linear drive, its system of sensors and control. The analysis of working principle and classification of linear motor was done in the beginning part; analysis of the drives sensors system was made in the following chapter. The thesis also deals with the driver from the automation point of view, its tuning and behavior according to high dynamics and precise positioning. The last chapter discusses the issue of controlling two linear drives. Whole thesis was realized on a borrowed linear motor with driver from HIWIN corp.
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