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Assessment of punishment
Kolaříková, Barbora ; Žák, Květoslav (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the assessment of punishment, the aim is to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject. The structure of the thesis is divided into 2 sections. The first section explains the possibilities of infliction of punishments, the second section describes circumstances which affect the type of punishment and its assessment used. In the conclusion of the last chapter a demonstrative example of application of the theoretical knowledge to a specific case is performed. The author points out of the differences between the current version of law and the previous one throughout the whole thesis.
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Victim´s right to compensation for damage caused by the offender
RUSÍNOVÁ, Dana
The bachelor thesis has been focused on an examination of the crime victim's rights listed in the legal order of the Czech Republic. In connection with the victim's rights it deals with an impact of an amendment of the Criminal Act on the status of the crime victims, when it comes to a significant strengthening of crime victims' procedural right. The victim will have a much greater opportunity to express to the crime during the criminal proceedings itself, to describe his/her own mental condition, consequences of the crime. It is expected that a victim's position in the criminal proceedings will be much stronger than before. The thesis deals with an analysis of the proving and decision-making process in the criminal proceedings on an extent of a claim for the compensation of the victim of the crime or the property damage but also of a moral injury caused by the offender. The goal is not only to highlight perceptions of the experienced situation by the crime victim, but also to refer to a restoration of disturbed interpersonal relationships among the victim and people around the crime victim. It is necessary to make the offender attempt responsibly to compensate for the consequences of the crime. The goal of the thesis is to develop a comprehensive study on an overview of crime victim's rights listed in the Criminal Code and to provide understandable instructions how to properly lead the crime victim to apply in practice the compensation for the damage from the crime offender's means.
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The prevention of drug problematic as a risical factor of criminality in Český Krumlov
HAVEL, David
The social environment at present is characterized by an increase in aggression, heightened criminality, and an expanded assortment of a wider spectrum of toxic substances on the drug market, combined with easier access to such substances. Children and youth are at present characterized by {\clqq}group crimes`` (extremist groups, sprayers, vandals, etc.) as well as crimes on property, often associated with the purchase and consumption of drugs. Brutality has increased, as has the intensity of attacks on person and property, and criminal acts are more organized. A thorough analysis of all these manifestations and trends would serve as a basis for the systematic steps towards their solution, but even more so towards their prevention. Work on the topic of Drug Prevention as a risk factor towards criminal acts in Český Krumlov includes a portion of criminal acts committed in the context of drug consumption in the Český Krumlov area as well as the attitude of second level elementary school and secondary school students in the Český Krumlov area towards the usage of drugs and their experience with drugs. The work also includes a prepared methodology of the effective specific primary prevention of addictive substances as a risk factor towards criminal acts for elementary school students in Český Krumlov.
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Legalized abortion and crime: also in Czech?
Dubovský, Peter ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
In this thesis, I test with Czech data the hypothesis of Donohue & Levitt (2001) which proposes that the growth of abortion rate lowers the future crime rate. The fixed effects model I use is derived from Donohue & Levitt (2001) and adjusted on the basis of criticism by Foote & Goetz (2005; 2008) and Joyce (2004; 2009a; 2009b). As regards period 1994-2009 the results imply that the rise of abortions by 10 per 100 born children lowers theft by eight percent in an age group after it reaches the criminal age. Considering the periods 1968-1976 and 1978-2009 the estimates are low and weakly significant indicating only little impact of abortion on crime during the socialist period.
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Violence as a manifestation of criminal activities of juveniles
GRAMETBAUEROVÁ, Tereza
Aggression and inclination to violent behaviour inhere in every one of us, not excepting children and juveniles. It is important to realize what aggression and violence are, and why and how they arise so that we are able to understand, control and explain the behaviour. When committed by juveniles, this behaviour is much more serious since juveniles, as persons who are not mature yet, often do not realize incurred consequences. The causes of violent behaviour are hidden in particular in their vicinity, in the environment in which they grow up and shape up. Thus it is very important to work with juveniles in order to prevent their violent behaviour. However, if the work is inefficient, a legal regulation not forgetting juveniles is needed. In rather serious cases it intervenes and attempts to remove incurred damage and prevent recurrence of unlawful conduct. The objective of the research was to examine and confront violent criminal activities committed by juveniles and adults. A qualitative method was used to obtain the results. It was a method of a directed interview with the respondents working in the criminality section, competent to speak about the issue due to their expert knowledge and experience. The purpose of the work was to ascertain features and manifestations of violent criminal activities of juveniles and adults. Subsequently, these groups were compared in order to reveal existing conformities and differences that were disclosed in a part of the interviews. The objective of the work was fulfilled. For confirmation or invalidation of the hypotheses that were raised in the part titled Discussion it would be suitable to interview a larger number of respondents.
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PREVENTION OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING CONDUCTED AT SECONDARY SCHOOLS
KRÁLOVÁ, Martina
Even though 79% of the surveyed students claim they have heard the term ``human trafficking{\crq}q, only 14% can define this term accurately. On the basis of the information obtained, a conclusion was arrived at that the level of information about human trafficking among students at Kolín-district secondary schools is inadequate. The students themselves said in their opinions that they did not have enough information about human trafficking, thus confirming this fact. The benefit and sense of this dissertation was to map the still uncharted territory of Kolín-district secondary schools from the viewpoint of human trafficking and to conduct a lecture. Compared to other issues, the prevention of human trafficking is neglected. Therefore, lectures should be conducted on this issue, which should even be integrated into the curriculum, in particular in the subjects of citizenship and the basics of social sciences.
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The concept of possible help to crime victims
DUŠÁKOVÁ, Lucie
The victims of crime are helped in the Czech Republic not only by public authorities such as police, prosecutors or curts, but also by nonprofit organizations and clinics. They assist the victims not only to cope with the mental trauma but also to claim thein rights (for example the right to compensation). There are currently many such organizations offering psychological or legal adice in our country. Neither all victims not all potential victims from the public are Avare of these type sof assistance. Not everyone in the immediate vicinity of the victims konws, how to treat them, how to communicate with them or how to help them. People´s awareness of helping organizations is reported in the quantitative research carried out on potential victims, who are all of us.
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Vliv vstupu do Schengenského prostoru na ekonomiku České republiky
Tabáková, Veronika ; Klosová, Anna (advisor) ; Gullová, Soňa (referee)
The aim of this work is to determine whether an entry into the Schengen area changes in the areas of immigration and crime in the country. The work describes the process of accession to the Schengen area, analyzes the impact of entry on crime and immigration workers, not least in analyzing the impact of these factors on economic development and provides solutions to the CR. The thesis compares the situation before, commenting on what caused the movement of these indicators and outlines their development. Comparing statistical work completely refutes the belief that the mere release of the border for the movement of these factors, either upwards or downwards.
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Drug decriminalization against crime
Smil, Martin ; Písař, Pavel (advisor) ; Loužek, Marek (referee)
Purpose of this paper is to determine, if decriminalization of soft drugs, such as marijuana, could decrease the rate of crime. In the first part i will describe the basic relations of drug prohibition, primarily with quality of drugs, offered quantity, price and crimes connected with drug prohibition and drug market (for drug users and drug suppliers separately) in mind. I will also describe reactions of black market on state drug enforcement, mainly in relation with crime. These effects of prohibition I will illustrate on both american alcohol and drug prohibition. I intend to descrime Iron law of prohibition on both these prohibitions. In the analytic part of this paper I will focus on case of decriminilization of marijuana in Netherlands after year 1976, when possession and use of marijuana was allowed. I want to describe, which thoughts led to this change. It will be also interesting to find out with which other steps was the decriminalization accompanied (decentralization of solving drug problem, treatment and prevention). Above all, I want to find out which impact had decriminalization on the crime level, if it raised or decreased.
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Importance of alternative punishmentins in Czech Republic
Punčochová, Tereza ; Vybíralová, Ivana (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with subject of alternative punishments in the Czech Republic. It is primarily focused on punishment of the common beneficial work. The aim is to find out how the punishment works in practice in selected areas and whether the common beneficial works in the municipal office in Prague have some significance. In the introductory chapter I want to focus on general characteristics of alternative punishments. Another section is devoted to common beneficial works and their problems. In the third part I would like to introduce the institution of the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic and show it`s expectations. This institution calls for greater application of alternative punishments. In the fourth chapter I will deal with the Prague City Hall and the information that the municipality provide. These figures I will compare with the data provided by the aforementioned institution.
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