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Sexual Life in Pregnancy
JURIGOVÁ, Gabriela
Abstract The public, often also medical professionals, live under the influence of widespread sexual myths and half-truths which substantially affect their attitudes towards sexuality. Sexuality in pregnancy is all the more encompassed with a lot of superstitions, myths, prejudices and fear. There is a lack of quality information and even professionals, physicians and midwives, often give partners inadequate recommendations. Essentially, pregnancy is a natural fulfillment of biological sense of sexual life. It affects a mental condition not only of a woman but both partners, and consequently influences their sexual life. The objective of this thesis was to determine the level of pregnant women´s knowledge about sexuality in pregnancy and to analyze sexual life in pregnancy. To meet the objective of the research, the quantitative research technique using anonymous questionnaires was applied. Three kinds of anonymous questionnaires were used: one was my own questionnaire focused on finding the level of pregnant women´s knowledge on sexuality in pregnancy. The second and third questionnaires were standardized questionnaires SFŽ ( Sexual Function of a Woman) and Erotic Stimuli Inventory (Hoon - Winoze) (Annex 1). Women were asked to fill in questionnaires both from the perspective of their current situation and from the perspective matching their experience prior to pregnancy. The research set were comprised of women in the third trimester of pregnancy attending the antenatal clinic of the obstetrics-gynaecological department of 1. LF UK (Medical Faculty of the Charles University) and VFN ( the General Faculty Hospital) in Prague. The data stated in the standardized questionnaires were assessed and thereby sexual life of women in the period before pregnancy and during pregnancy was analyzed, the research goal was met. In this thesis the following hypotheses were tested. Hypothesis 1 assuming that pregnant women do not have sufficient information about changes in sexual life during pregnancy and research has been confirmed. Although most women considered the level of their knowledge as sufficient, a proportion of women who want to be informed about the changes in sexual life during pregnancy is prominent. Most women want to be informed about changes in sexual life during pregnancy in an anonymous form. This finding confirms the hypothesis 2 assuming that pregnant women want to be informed about the possibilities of sexual satisfaction during pregnancy. Hypothesis 3 assuming that pregnant women are not satisfied with the level of information about sexuality in pregnancy provided in prenatal counseling has been confirmed. Low percentage of women receives information from a physician or a midwife and they themselves do not ask questions mostly because of shame. Communication about sexuality in our society is still taboo for both professionals and the general public. Hypothesis 4 assuming that the need for sexual intercourse is decreased in pregnancy has been confirmed by the survey. In pregnancy libido, the frequency of sexual intercourse, the need for contact and the ability to achieve orgasm are reduced. Responses to erotic stimuli are shifted to a lower degree of erotic excitement according to the results of the research. The results of the research carried out in the obstetric-gynaecological hospital have revealed the need to improve communication and the information supply provided by the medical staff members to pregnant women and their partners. It is necessary to consider the possibility of anonymous forms of providing information that is not affected by prejudices, attitudes, myths. An information booklet seems to be an appropriate resource. Women in pregnancy want more information and have the right to get it. This is where a midwife can play a significant role by giving professional advice and having open communication with a pregnant woman and her partner.
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Staffs attitude to problems of passive smoking {--} knowledge, health impact, regulation
BRABENCOVÁ, Věra
This Diploma Thesis bears the theme ?Attitudes of the Pub And Restaurant Employees to the Passive Smoking Problem ? Awareness, Health Influences, Regulation?. The smoking related illnesses and deaths constitute the most difficult problem of the public health care in most countries where smoking is a common habit. Health harm risk owing to tobacco smoke is not limited to smokers only, however even those are exposed to such a harm who inhale the tobacco smoke involuntarily ? ?passive smokers?. The aim of this Thesis was so map the problem and influence of the passive smoking in the environment of pubs and restaurants in České Budějovice. To reach this target, both quantitative and qualitative approach of investigation was used. Respecting the quantitative research via the questionnaire method there were three hypotheses to be defined: ?There is no significant difference between awareness of the passive smoking impacts between the employees of smoking and non-smoking pubs and restaurants?, ?The motivation of pubs and restaurants to keep the smoking concept is, primarily, the fear that they might lose their customers?, ?Employees ? smokers started to smoke owing to their work in the smoking environment?. The first two hypotheses were verified, the third one not. The quantitative research utilized the structured dialogue technique. This part of research included two research questions. The first referred to the employee awareness of passive smoking, the second aimed at fact whether the motivation factor of the pub or restaurant to be pronounced the non-smoking establishment is the care of the employee health. After the research had been completed and analysed, the set target was met. Working on this Thesis I obtained a lot of new findings, and I think that it could be a contribution even to practice and serve as an instructional and information material. In particular, as the Thesis brings brief and clear summary of basic findings concerning the passive smoking and it alerts to topicality and importance of the passive smoking not only in the pubs and restaurants. The Diploma Thesis can be also used to publish the research results in order to improve the working conditions of the pub and restaurant employees alerting them to the passive smoking harmfulness which is often underestimated and marginalized.
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Take-back of electrical equipment
Tomášová, Kateřina ; Hadrabová, Alena (advisor) ; Dvořák, Antonín (referee)
The thesis describes and assess the functioning of the take-back of electrical equipment in Czech Republic. The take-back system is evaluated from a general perspective, it is also used my experience in employment and in society ELEKTROWIN and materials provided to me by the collective system. The theoretical part focuses on the legislative framework of take-back concept, on description of ELEKTROWIN and on financing the system. This part also deals with the main sphere of collective bargaining systems, which are gathering, manipulation, transport and information and educational activities. The application part is focused on the quantity of take-bake of electrical equipment through collective and ELEKTROWIN from the year 2005 to present in a particular years. It also work evaluates observance the requirements from EU directives. The educational activity is evaluated on the basis of a questionnaire as information campaigns to raise public awareness.
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View of sexually transmitted diseases in case of assisting professions
STŘÍTESKÁ, Lucie
Name of the dissertation is:``View of sexually transmitted diseases in case of assisting professions``. I decided to deal with sexually transmitted diseases because the number of these diseases is relatively high and numbers of newly ill people keep increasing. This opinion is confirmed by the fact that, for example, number of HIV positive individuals in the Czech Republic slightly exceeded 100 in the year 1990 whereas the number HIV positive individuals was 1,344 in the year 2009, i.e. 19 years later. Considering also the fact that this disease is an incurable one and treatment of this disease is demanding on the ill people from thein mental as well as physical aspekt and considering also the total effect for society, it is very important indeed to pay attention on this issue. Theoretical part divides sexually transmitted diseases according the often used division in classic generál diseases. They include inguinal granuloma, gonorrhoea, soft chancre, syphilis and venereal lymphogranuloma. Another diseases which include HIV/AIDS, hepatitis, genital herpes, infections caused by the virus Human papillom, scabies or pubic louses were dealt with only marginally. The last chapter is focused on assisting professions. The goal of the work was to look at the issue from the point of view of assisting professions staff. To find out whether they are interested in the issue, what is their awareness, etc. This goal has been met. Conversations, for example, revealed that employees who are in everyday contact with people who live risky way of living (drug addicts, homeless people, etc.) are better aware of issue concering sexually transmitted diseases than respondents who work with children or seniors. None of the respondents underwent any additional training in this issue. The selected methodology was represented by quality research and the selected method was represented by partially controlled interview with six selected representatives from assisting professions. The overall knowledge will be used not only to find out but also the to complete or correct information on the issue for employees in assisting professions. Information on the issue can be further disseminated among clients via these professionals within primary prevention.
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Women´s awareness about mammographic examinations in the South Moravian region
MICHNOVÁ, Lenka
One of the aims of the bachelor?s thesis was to survey the awareness of women about the mammographic examination. Since 2002 the organized preventive scheme of active search for breast carcinoma has been under way. Breast carcinoma is a serious condition that affects women from a very young age. However, it is very well treatable if caught early. Many women have already undergone the mammographic examination. This is why a survey was carried out on the awareness of women about this procedure. The data necessary for the bachelor?s thesis were gathered by means of a quantitative survey. Questionnaires were used to collect data. The questionnaires were voluntary and anonymous, aimed at female patients in selected hospitals in the South Moravia region (Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute Brno, University Hospital Brno, Hospital Břeclav, and Hospital Kyjov). Women over 18 years of age could participate in the survey, regardless if they were going for their first or repeated examination. The total number of questionnaires handed out was 120, 110 were returned. The survey took place in July and August 2010. Three main objectives and three hypotheses were defined. The first objective was to survey the awareness of women going for a mammographic examination. The objective was achieved. The second objective was to inform and prepare the patients for further procedures if a malign tumour was found. This objective was achieved as well. The third objective was to specify the differences in the awareness of women between the individual hospitals in the South Moravia region, and it was achieved as well. The first hypothesis, that the awareness of women in hospitals is sufficient, was confirmed. The second hypothesis, that the patients are fully informed and ready for next procedures if a malign tumour is found, was also confirmed. And the last hypothesis, that the awareness of women differs between individual hospitals, was confirmed as well. The issue of the female patients? awareness prior to mammographic examination remains very important. As the current legislation states that the patient must be instructed about the examination it is necessary to make sure the patients have enough time and space to evaluate the provided information and to ask questions if necessary.
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Analysis needs of services for children under three years of age in the region of České Budějovice
LÍSKOVCOVÁ, Ilona
The research was divided into two parts and mapped the current situation in the region of Czech Republic and Česke Budějovice in terms of care services for children under three years of age and respondents' oppinions related to these services, including relations with age, residence, education and reflection on starting work earlier than three years of a child. Statistical analysis was aimed at assessing dependency factors and the subsequent search of categories and where was a significant difference. It was a quantitative research. Object of inquiry was set 716 selected respondents, namely parents of children under the age of three from the Region of České Budějovice.
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Approach and responsibility of today's patiens to cataracta disease.
ZEITHAMOVÁ, Eva
Cataract - Cataract is a disease of the eye lens and can affect all age groups. If left untreated, it can significantly impair vision or lead to blindness. In the theoretical part, I tried to clarify what the cataract actually is, what types of cataract do we have, examination methods, diagnostics, treatment, and nursing care in patients with cataract. In the second part, I tried to explain what the patient awareness is, and how important it is to inform patients about this disease, preoperative and postoperative care as well as after-care in home environment. In the practical part, quantitative survey in a form of questionnaire has been used. The survey took place at the Departmen of Ophthalmology, Jihlava Hospital. I have created two types of questionnaire, for nurses as well as for patients. Results were recorded in bar charts. Three hypotheses are determined for goals. Hypothesis No 1 - younger and younger patients undergo cataract surgery. Hypothesis No 2 - patients are more responsible and well informed. Hypothesis No 3 - level of cooperation with healthcare staff coresponds to anticipations of patient with ocular disease. All three hypotheses were confirmed. Even though the hypothesis No 2 has been confirmed, some patient answers do not indicate it. It is definitely necessary to continue putting stress on awareness, have enough time to inform patients and answer questions of all patients. Results of my work can lead to creation of time space for communication with patient; ensure synoptic and sufficient quantity of information material adequate to the patient needs.
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Women?s Awareness When Preparing for a Gynaecological Surgery
BICANOVÁ, Martina
When making decisions on future issues it is very important to be informed in all aspects. This applies to the health issues in particular. Being informed before every surgery on pre-operative procedure, the surgery in question and subsequent post-operative care is crucial for the patients? trust in us, medical staff. It is a communication between a health worker and a patient that is concluded with signing the informed consent. The theoretical part is focused on activities related to pre-operative care, activities related to post-operative care and communication between a health worker and a patient. The practical part is focused on the level of women?s awareness of pre- and post-operative care and activities related to them. A quantitative research method was selected in order to handle the issue and to ascertain the goals mentioned. The research was conducted using questionnaires that were anonymous. They had been designed for women undergoing a surgery at a gynaecological and obstetric department. Two goals and hypotheses related were stated. The goals of the thesis were to find out whether women are informed on pre- and post-operative care in case of a gynaecological surgery and to find out which sources women use to get the information on pre- and post-operative care. Both goals were met. Hypothesis 1 ?Most of information on pre-operative care was provided by a midwife? was not confirmed. The hypothesis 2 that most of information on post-operative care had been provided by a midwife was not confirmed, too. Hypothesis 3 ?Women search for the information on the Internet? was confirmed. This bachelor thesis can be used as a source of information and educational material for women who will undergo a planned surgery. An educational leaflet for women undergoing a gynaecological surgery is the result of the research.
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General Awareness of Stalking at the Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice
VONDRŮ, Mirka
Stalking or a dangerous pursuit is considered to be a specific form of violence. Its main feature is that an offender clamps to a known or unknown person who he persecutes by an unsolicited and unwanted attention. Currently, stalking is a current issue of policy and legislation. The bachelor thesis deals with problems of stalking and domestic violence. Key findings and current information on stalking and domestic violence are summarized in the theoretical part. In the practical part there is presented an awareness of these issues, which students from Faculty of Health and Social Studies of South Bohemian University have. An aim of the bachelor thesis is to find out the awareness of students from Faculty of Health and Social Studies of South Bohemian University on stalking and domestic violence. This hypothesis was determined in accordance with the goal: ?Students of higher grades will be better informed on stalking than students of lower grades.? This hypothesis was disproved. The research was carried out quantitatively, a method of interviewing was used, a technique of a survey. The research sample consisted of students from Faculty of Health and Social Studies of South Bohemian University in České Budějovice. The research showed that students from Faculty of Health and Social Studies of South Bohemian University were informed on stalking and domestic violence. Despite this predication, however, I believe, that the general public is not sufficiently informed on these issues. It is possible to increase the public awareness by an enlightenment, which should be oriented above all to pupils of elementary and secondary schools. A benefit of this thesis I see especially in a better awareness of students on these current topics. Furthermore, even in a possibility of using the obtained data of the research part and also in gaining a greater insight into stalking and domestic violence issues among the general public and people interested in the given issue.
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Caesarea section- perioperative nursing care during regional and total anesthesia
MAŠKOVÁ, Šárka
In my thesis I focused on perioperative nursing care for women with a caesarean section in regional and general anesthesia. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and research part. In the theoretical part of my thesis history, conditions, indications and contraindications, and also complications during a caesarean section performance are described. Information about anesthesia which is used for a caesarean section is also given. Conditions for general, epidural and spinal anesthesia administration are described. Advantages, disadvantages, indications, contraindications and complications of different types of anesthesia are also mentioned. A substantial part of the theoretical part is devoted to perioperative nursing care. The preoperative nursing care is described, the preparation for it is divided according to the type of anesthesia. Nursing care during the intraoperative and mainly postoperative phases is mentioned in detail. The aim of my thesis was to identify differences in perioperative nursing care for women with a cesarean section in regional and general anesthesia. My work was also focused on women's level of awareness about possibilities of anesthesia for caesarean section. Another goal of my work was to make up standards of perioperative nursing care for women during a caesarean section delivery in regional and general anesthesia, which is administered in the delivery room. Two hypotheses were stated. The first hypothesis is the supposition that women after a caesarean section need a different nursing care, which depends on the type of anesthesia administered. The second hypothesis is the supposition that women are adequately informed about the possibilities of anesthesia for a caesarean section. Quantitative research conducted through questionnaires was chosen to conduct the survey. Questionnaires were distributed to women after a caesarean section at the confinement department. Research results are shown in graphs .The both hypotheses were confirmed by the research investigation. The research has revealed a new finding that women need different nursing care not only after a caesarean section, but also during the intraoperative phase. I used this finding to develop a standard of perioperative nursing care for women during a caesarean section delivery in regional and general anesthesia. The standard is designed for midwives and is intended to improve nursing care for women in the course of a caesarean section delivery during the intraoperative phase. The research has proved that women with a cesarean section need a different perioperative nursing care, which depends on the type of anesthesia administered. It is therefore necessary to differentiate between the two groups and provide them with a different nursing care. The research has also shown that women feel sufficiently informed about anesthesia for a caesarean section. Women´s awareness is a prerequisite for a good cooperation with the patient and successful nursing and medical care. The nursing care provision according to the perioperative care standard will ensure a quality professional nursing care for women before, during and after a caesarean section.
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