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Reduction of nitrogen oxides from the flue gas stream on catalysts under non-standard conditions
Minář, Marek ; Brummer, Vladimír (referee) ; Jecha, David (advisor)
The objective of the presented diploma thesis is reduction of nitrogen oxides from the flue gas stream on catalyst under non-standart conditions. Emphasis is places on the description of selected pollutants in flue gas (especially nitrogen oxides), legislative requirements for air protection and technologies for removal of nitrogen oxides, expecially methods of selective catalytic and non-catalytic reduction. The practical part is devoted to the reduction of nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction on a pilot plant INTEQ II in the laboratory NETME Center. The subject of interest is the determination of the NOx reduction efficiency depend on the temperature for selected catalyst. The end of the practical part pursues with comparison of measurement results and their evaluation.
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Exhaust Gas Energy Recuperation in a Commercial Vehicle Diesel Engine
Šroba, Roman ; Janoušek, Michal (referee) ; Vondrák, Adam (advisor)
The scope of this thesis investigates value added by a turbocharger with an associated motor-generator unit to a diesel engine used by a commercial vehicle. A thermodynamic model of the engine was prepared in GT-SUITE software. Case studies were primary focused on a reduction of specific fuel consumption as well as a nitrogen oxides production using an energy recuperation of exhaust gas. Furthermore, there are described potential benefits of using an electric assistance in order to increase an exhaust gas temperature during a steady state engine operation. Additionally, there is an investigation of potential benefits of a turbocharger assistance in a transition engine mode operating during rapid acceleration of the vehicle. The results of individual analysis will be taken into account for a selection of turbocharger regarding specific engine implementation. The results of simulation suggest that it is possible to lower specific fuel consumption, production of nitrogen oxides, as well as accelerate turbocharger response.
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Technologies for NOx Cut-down in Exhaust Gases
Drábik, Michal ; Janoušek, Michal (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of reducing nitrogen oxides emissions in exhaust gases and explains the principles of their reduction. The main aim of the thesis is to analyse and describe systems that are designed to reduce their amount. The following chapter provides examples of solutions for these systems for specific drive units. At the end of the thesis, there is a reflection on possible future development in this sphere.
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Up-to-date off gas cleaning system for Medical Waste-to-Energy units
Kotas, Dan ; Krňávek, Martin (referee) ; Krejčí, Tomáš (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with current situation of medical waste management in the Czech Republic and it also analyzes the quality of existing units for thermal treatment of the medical waste. In the second part of the thesis, available off-gas cleaning methods were described as well as the emission limits for waste incineration, which correspond to the legislative regulations effective in the Czech Republic. These emission limits are considered as input data for off-gas cleaning system design. In the main part of this thesis, two technological solutions of off-gas cleaning methods for Up-to-Date medical waste incineration unit were designed. The unit is designed for energy utilization of 1400 tons of medical waste accumulated during one year in a regional hospital of model region. From given input parameters, two appropriate apparatus concepts were created. After that, both concepts were evaluated either form energetic point of view as well as from material one. From these evaluations, key apparatuses of both concepts were designed which provided necessary design dimensions for further investment price estimation of each individual key apparatus. In the conclusion of this thesis, the best solution of an off-gas cleaning method was picked according to the comparison of operating and investment costs.
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Vyhodnocení přesnosti vyhledávání říje a zvýšení míry zabřeznutí krav využitím systému zaznamenávajícího pohybovou aktivitu
BUREŠOVÁ, Michaela
In connection with growing modernization of technological systems in milk cow farming it comes to progressive innovations within monitoring motor activity. The motor activity is besides other things connected with the possibility of searching for estrus and detecting and eliminating false estrus. It is possible to suppose, that it becomes evident with increased accuracy of searching for estrus and bigger success rate by cow fertilization. It was discovered, that SCR system helps to improve reproduction. By reproduction indicators favourable values were recorded, namely: days open - 85 days, calving interval - 420 days to first service - 121 days. This year results get considerably better if compared with results from last years, when SCR system was not implemented. Success rate of insemination has risen by 36 %. It is evident, that measuring of motor activity enables us to precisely determine the right time of ovulation and therefore it increases the percentage of successful fertilization.
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Aktivita přežvykování dojnic ve vztahu k jejich vybraným fyziologickým funkcím
RŮŽKOVÁ, Michaela
One of the most important livestock production sectors in the Czech Republic is the cattle breeding, which has always been one of the most demanding fields in the history of breeding, and its results are, to some extent, decisive for the economic success of agricultural products. Cattle are bred primarily for milk, meat and semen. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to obtain basic data and to formulate findings about dairy cows' ruminating activity in relation to their health condition, milk yield and reproduction. Regular monitoring of the rumination of dairy cows can greatly improve the state of these individual physiological functions, and this leads to maintaining and improving herd productivity. The work was carried out in the Agricultural Business Cooperative Mrákov, at the farm in Tlumačov. At present, the company manages approximately 2 470 ha of agricultural land. The cooperative mainly focuses on cattle production and breeds approximately 900 dairy cows of the Holstein breed, of which there are about 250 cows in the stables in Tlumačov. A total of nine Holstein dairy cows were included in the observation and they were divided into three groups according to observation of their ruminating activity. Group 1 was monitored for changes in rumination in relation to health status. In the second group of dairy cows, rumination was observed in connection to reproduction. In the third group, there were dairy cows in which rumination in relation to milk yield was studied. The actual observation took place between 27 January 2018 and 17 March 2018. The SCR Heatime ? PRO device was used to monitor the rumination. Thanks to the SCR collars containing an accurate sensor, the health status, reproduction and dairy yield of selected dairy cows could be evaluated. Since the SCR system evaluates, for more accurate results, not only the rumination activity but also the movement activity, the cows' movement is also monitored, as a secondary factor, in the practical part of this work. According to the evaluation of the activities and the subsequent evaluation of the dairy's health status, reproduction and dairy performance, it was found that the SCR system recorded all drops and increases in activity and gave a timely report of the dairy status, thereby verifying its functionality and its possible use in the observation of rumination and movement activity. The results revealed that all dairy cows in the first group, where the state of health was observed, contracted mammary gland inflammation (mastitis) and were subsequently treated with antibiotics. In the second group, in which reproduction was monitored, it was found that the cows number 30 and 76 had a regular estrous cycle, and the cow number 190 had an irregular cycle, but all of them were inseminated. Lastly, in the third group, where dairy cows were observed in relation to their milk yield, it was found that each of the selected dairy cows had a problem with its health status after calving, which had an effect on its milk yield.
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Solvency II: solvency in insurance
Čáha, Pavel ; Cipra, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mazurová, Lucie (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to Solvency II, a regulatory framework for insurance and reinsurance companies effective in European Union. Firstly, it explains the notion solvency and also describes the principles of the regulation itself. Another part is focused on the calculation of solvency capital requirement and minimal capital requirement, using standard formula. The capital requirements are derived on the level of risk modules and their submodules. Furthermore, the topic of technical reserves is discussed and emphasis is placed on the derivation of mean square error of prediction. Described methods are Chain-Ladder and Bornhuetter-Ferguson. The last part of the thesis includes the calculation of capital requirements for real data. A program SolvencyII.xlsx that shows particular derivations is enclosed.
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NOx Reduction System
Karafa, Pavel ; Bradávka, Marek (referee) ; Svída, David (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of nitrogen oxides emissions in exhaust gases and possibilities of their reduction. The task of the thesis was analysis of systems for NOX reduction by contemporary diesel engines, design and construction of NOX reduction device for given diesel engine, then verify functionality of this system compiled from commercially available components. In the last part of thesis available measurements will be made with an analysis of achieved results.
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