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Effect of exteroceptive stimulation on muscle tone after physical activity
Hafič, Peter ; Šifta, Petr (advisor) ; Malá, Jitka (referee)
Title: Effect of exteroceptive stimulation on muscle tone after physical activity Aims: The aim of this diploma thesis is to summarize theoretical findings regarding the muscle tonus, biomechanical characteristics of soft tissues and the influence of exteroceptive stimulation on muscle tonus. In practical part, the influence of exteroceptive stimulation on muscle tonus after anaerobic exercise was evaluated using the measuring instrument - myotometer. Methods: Diploma thesis was approached as pilot and was processed at FTVS-UK in the form of analytical-comparative study on the group of six probands who experienced endurance Wingate test and then they underwent the exteroceptive stimulation technique. The main objective of this experiment was the evaluation of effect of stroking - the exteroceptive stimulation on muscle tonus. The muscle tonus was measured before the exertion, after anaerobic exertion, after passive rest and after exteroceptive stimulation. Measuring of muscle tonus of m. soleus was performed in FTVS-UK laboratory using myotonometer. The data were displayed through analog-digital convertor and were subsequently processed in program Matlab. Outcomes: Experiment partly proved mutual relationship between skin and muscle and possibility of influencing the muscle using the exteroceptive...
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Possibilities of influencing spasticity in patients after stroke
Burdová, Karolína ; Savková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Němečková, Michaela (referee)
Author: Karolína Burdová Instituion: Rehabilitační klinika Fakultní nemocnice Hradec Králové Title: Ovlivnění spasticity u stavů po CMP Supervisor: Mgr. Pavlína Savková Number of pages: 74 Number of attachments: 3 Years of defence: 2012 Keywords: spasticity, stroke, muscle tone, movement Bachelor thesis discusses the influence of spasticity in patients after vascular brain event. The aim was to centre a text that summarizes the theoretical and practical information relating to the treatment of patients with VBE (stroke), in which one of the clinical symptoms of spasticity. The first part - theoretical - focuses on the anatomical and physiological information relating on the motor control, spasticity and vascular brain event. Control of movements is divided into subsections according to the level of the nervous system, from the lowest level - the spinal cord to the highest - cortex. Chapter VBE is divided by the emergence of haemorrhagic VBE and ischemic. The chapter is presented spasticity pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and its treatment. Therapy of spasticity is most devoted to theoretical work. The second part - practical - it provides examples of patients after VBE (stroke), in which one of the complications of spasticity. It is written in the form of case reports.
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Objectification of selected rehabilitation techniques used to influence the muscle tone
Pavelková, Zuzana ; Šifta, Petr (advisor) ; Nováková, Pavlína (referee)
Master's thesis topic: Objectification of selected rehabilitation techniques used to influence the muscle tone Author: Bc. Zuzana Pavelková Branch of study: TVS_B Disertation Tutor: PhDr. Petr Šifta, Ph.D. Year of Defense: 2012 Abstract: The aim of this study was to discover, whether four selected rehabillitation techniques (dry-needling application, cryotherapy, stretching and kinesiotaping) influence the muscle tone of musculus gastrocnemius and musculus soleus. It was assumed, that above mentioned methods decrease the muscle tone of selected muscles, that was increased by previous running performance or owing to acute or chronic problems with Achilles tendon. The muscle tone was measured by myotonometer in Kinesiology laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport at Charles University in Prague; muscle tone of twelve students of thisfaculty was measured. Data were displayed by using an analog- digital convertor and consequently evaluated. The results of this study indicate, that four selected rehabillitation methods influence the muscle tone of musculus gastrocnemius and musculus soleus. The muscle tone was best influenced by application of dry-needling and by kinesiotaping; results of muscle tone measurement after dry-needling application and kinesiotaping confirmed above stated...
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Effect of sauna om muscle tone after physical excercise
Dastych, Petr ; Šifta, Petr (advisor) ; Nováková, Pavlína (referee)
Title: Effect of sauna on muscle tone after physical excersise Topic definition: This thesis presents a pilot theoretical - empirical two-factor experiment, where the main subject of the experiment is to evaluate the effect of sauna on increased muscle tension after sport and its potential for use in physical therapy and recovery. Aim of the thesis: To provide a summary of theoretical knowledge related to the subject and to assess the impact of sauna usage on muscle tension occurred after short term maximal anaerobic excercise and compare it with passive rest. Methods: This thesis will be processed at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport on 6 individuals, who will be randomly divided into two equally large groups. The first three-person group will be a research one, the second three-member group will be the control group. Afterwards they will be subjected to a Wingate stress test. The experimental group will participate in sauna treatments and the control group in passive rest. Muscle tension will be measured before the load, after the load, and after the sauna / passive rest. Measurements will take place in a kinesiology lab at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports. Measurements will be done by using a myotonometer and the data will be gathered via an analogue-digital converter and...
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Hippotherapy, a part of the medical treatment of children with cerebral palsy
MACHOVÁ, Eva
My bachelor's thesis called Hippotherapy, a Part of the Medical Treatment of Children with Cerebral Palsy focuses on the influence and effects of hippotherapy on the locomotive apparatus and emotional feelings of three children's patients. The research took place from January to March 2011 on the premises of the Sociotherapeutic Farm of the Mental Hospital Bohnice in Prague. Nowadays the awareness of hippotherapy is growing both among specialists and laymen. However, it is important to realize that hippotherapy does not only mean horse riding which make people feel emotionally good, but it is also a purposeful and efficient therapeutic method. In my bachelor's thesis I emphasize the positive impact of this therapy not only on the emotional state of mind, but also on the locomotive apparatus of clients and the muscle tone. My bachelor's thesis is divided in two parts ? theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is an overview of my knowledge of hippo-rehabilitation with focus on hippotherapy from professional books and other available sources. I also present my knowledge of children's cerebral palsy (DMO), possibilities of physiotherapy of cerebral palsy and types of muscle tone. The practical part focuses on the research regarding effects of hippotherapy on patients suffering from DMO. By using the hippotherapy evaluation test (Hollý, Hornáček, 2005) I evaluated the influence of hippotherapy on the locomotive apparatus of patients sitting on a horse, by measuring the distance of epicondylus lateralis femur of the right and left lower limbs in the maximum abduction (Drhovský, 2006) I evaluated the influence on spasticity of patient's lower limbs, by using a verbal scale of feelings of happiness (Hollý, Hornáček, 2005) I tried to find out whether horse riding makes children with DMO feel happy and based on the secondary analysis of data I tried to outline the effects of hippotherapy in the medical treatment of children with DMO. The objective of my bachelor's thesis is to provide new information on hippotherapy both to professionals and public and to emphasize its positive effects on humans.
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Prevention and therapy of spasticity in patients after cerabral apoplexy
TÁBORSKÁ, Žaneta
Spasticity is a manifestation of many neurological diseases, for example an infantile cerebral palsy, a traumatic injury of brain and spinal cord, a multiple sclerosis and a stroke. A genesis of the spasticity is not yet completely clarified and many definitions try to explain it. The spasticity can deepen a disability of patients even with a minimal paresis. The spasticity has a different clinical picture at various diseases of the central nervous system, but even at different patients with the same diagnosis, it also varies in the course of time at one and the same patient. The biggest problem in the treatment of the spasticity is the fact that the treatment, efficient at one patient, can completely fail at the other. A goal of this thesis was to give an overview of current options in a treatment of the spasticity. Therapeutic approaches to reduce the spasticity are usually a part of special kinesio-therapeutic methodologies, which are for example an anti-spastic positioning, a volitionary relaxation, passive movements, an anti-spastic placing (Bobath´s conception), relaxation techniques (PNF), an application of splints, a long-term effect of the heat, an icing and others. On the contrary, it is intensified by pain, pressure sores, a sub-luxation position most often of the shoulder joint, a psychical stress, urinary tract infections etc. In the theoretical part I focused on a control of the muscle tone, pathophysiology, clinical symptomatology, diagnostics and especially prevention and the treatment of the spasticity. In the practical part I investigated an effectiveness of an anti-spastic therapy through the qualitative research. For the data collection it was used an anamnesis, observations (kinesiological analysis), case reports and a secondary data analysis. The research was made at two probands with a brain damage on the vascular basis. I was finding out an effectiveness of selected therapies for individual probands {--} and at the same time its suitable combination. I focused on the area of the upper extremity. At the first patient there was a success, by a suitable combination of individual methods, to positively affect the spasticity and an active momentum of the upper extremity. At the second patient in a chronic stage of spasticity it was managed to influence it always only for a short term and results varied considerably in the course of time. The treatment of the spasticity must be preceded by a thorough knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms, a neurophysiology and above all a complex kinesiological analysis. The therapeutic approach should be always individual, to respond appropriately to changes in the clinical picture and to use suitable combinations of therapeutic approaches. If the treatment of the spasticity is successful, it positively affects the motor deficit and reduces the patient's disability.
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Posibilities of Physiotherapeutic interventions in children with cerebral palsy
OHNISKOVÁ, Adéla
Physical therapy plays an important part in the process of treatment of this disorder. Which in this case for life. The objective of my thesis was to sum up theoretical knowledge and information on CCP and on physical therapy of children suffering from CCP. The first task was to set up an overview of options and alternatives of physical therapy for children with CCP. The other task was to work out case reports of two children with the CCP diagnosis. Then a therapy plan, based on the knowledge from the theoretical part and on the patient´s examination, was made up. A combination of therapy techniques was proposed (the Reflection Method of Locomotion {--} a method developed by M.D. Vaclav Vojta, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF), Basal programmes and sub programmes) suitable for a client with regard to his current state, his needs and abilities. The results showed that combination of methods in therapy is beneficial for a positive influence of motoric skills of a child, improvement of motion in particular joints and for a positive mental condition of a patient This thesis might be used as a set of helpful information for physiotherapists in clinical practice, who deal with CCP, and also as a guide for parents of children with the diagnosis of children cerebral palsy.
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Usage of Bobath´s concept in adults
BUDÍNOVÁ, Kamila
The thesis is focused on Berta and Karel Bobath´s kinesiotherapeutical approach {--} Bobath´s concept. Bobath´s concept is diagnostic-therapeutical approach which deals with problems of patients with disorders of function, movement and postural control due to a lesion of the central nervous system. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the clarifying of basic terms as: the history and the development of the concept, the theory of motor control, the problems of patients with the stroke, individual therapeutical tools of the concept, and a current view of Bobath´s concept.The goal of the thesis is to detect what is the current knowledge of this approach in physiotherapeuthical society. There was used the quantitative research method, the questioning survey with using the questionnaire. Target group of physiotherapists was 52.
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