|
|
Typology of land cover changes and landscape structure in the post-communist countries of the Central Europe
Kuna, Petr ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Lipský, Zdeněk (referee)
Study of landscape change is a subject of interest for a wide range of professional work both in the Czech republic and abroad. This thesis therefore does not give a simple description of the changes in the landscape, but rather focuses on the further synthesis of these findings and the subsequent creation of a typology of land cover changes and their impacts on landscape structure in the region of interest, including also its heterogeneity. It is therefore a process of allocated areas that formed and still form the same processes that lead to homogenization of the landscape, as opposed to its fragmentation. Area of interest is so-called Visegrad Group of countries (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland). There are four countries of the former Eastern bloc in Central Europe, which shared some relatively similar initial conditions for the further development of the landscape after the "release" of the regime change in 1989. The landscape began to develop in different way. Each country began a different way to approach a completely different landscape interfering in its development. Review starts with describing landscape development in the period up to 1989, when it was not too taken of the ecological functions and the importance of the landscape. This period was characterized by the...
|
|
|
Evaluation of suburbanization in Prague's hinterland - influence on landuse, landscape stability and structure.
Kubečková, Jana ; Kupková, Lucie (advisor) ; Štych, Přemysl (referee)
Evaluation of suburbanization in Prague's hinterland - influence on landuse, landscape stability and structure Abstract The aim of this study is to evaluate the background of suburbanization in Prague, to evaluate the development of landscape, landscape structure and landuse. The first part of this work is devoted to analysis of domestic and foreign literature, which deals with suburbanization and evaluation of landscape structure. Another part is devoted to practical evaluation of the landscape using air photos and satelite pictures and orthophotos in three cadastral in 1994, 2004 and 2007. It concerns the cadastral Šeberov, Hole u Průhonic and Újezd. The evaluations are based on selected factors. It is found that the proportion of buildings and vegetations is increasing all the time and also found that for example scrub and forests were protected from new development. Furthermore, the most significant changes in land use were described and the landscape structure was evaluated according to selected factors. The outputs of this work were maps of land use in different years, maps of stable und unstable areas in different periods, maps of vegetation changes and tables summarizing the results of the evaluation parameters of the structure. Keywords: suburbanization, landscape structure, landuse, patch,...
|
|
|
Collectivization of agriculture and its projection to the landscape. Case study of cadastral area Široký Důl
Kocmanová, Pavlína ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Bartoš, Michael (referee)
Diplomová práce Kolektivizace zemědělství a její promítnutí do krajiny ABSTRACT I searched changes in the cultural landscape structure in the relation with social processes in the time period 1937-2010 in my thesis. The research refers to the second half of 20th century, or more precisely, to the era of collectivization of Czechoslovak agriculture. In consequence of collectivization, the landscape was ecologically devastated and overall the nature of Czech countryside changed. Analysis of the landscape structure has form of case study of cadastral area of Široký Důl. I interpreted landscape changes from historical aerial photos and then analyzed the changes by geographical information systems. The results of those analyses are indicators (landscape metrics), by which I interpreted conditions of landscape in particular time. I confronted the changes in the landscape structure with social processes, which are described in theoretical part of thesis according to background research. Result of my thesis is general story of particular landscape, whose structure changed fundamentally in consequence of collectivization of agriculture. Key words: landscape structure, collectivization, landscape metrics, GIS, cultural landscape, aerial photos, Široký Důl
|
|
|
Effect of environmental variables on diversity and abundance of water bird species
Adam, Matyáš ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee) ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor)
Effect of environmental variables on diversity and abundance of water bird species Abstract The environmental variables affect the abundance of species and individuals of most living organisms significantly. The intensity of environmental changes can be evaluated by using bioindicators. The birds rank among them. The most significant variables of the wide range of abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic factors are likely change of habitat structure and quality and climatic changes. In this thesis there is addressed issue of the impact of these factors in the model group of organisms - water birds. The first part is devoted to the characteristics of the impact of environmental variables on the abundance and species diversity of birds by the research of available literature. The relevant data are processed in the second part. There is carried out basic analysis of major environmental factors affecting the diversity and abundance of waterfowls at locations of interest. Keywords: environmental variables, climate change, land cover, habitat structure, biodivesity, waterfowls
|
|
|
The causes and consequences of the farmland fragmentation
Janovská, Vratislava ; Sklenička, Petr (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
Fragmented ownership of agricultural land is currently a very actual topic in the Czech Republic but also abroad. The research studies were developed in collaboration with the research team at the Faculty of Environment Sciences, Department of Land Use and Improvement, led by Professor Petr Sklenička. This research is solving problems related to the impact of agricultural land use on the spatial structure of agricultural land, fragmentation, and homogenization. Scientific studies that are part of this doctoral thesis emerged progressively and are logically linked.
|
|
|
Landscape memory in local memory - Borová district
Jirková, Lucie ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
Bachelor thesis compares the actual change of landscape, shown on different historical and present maps, to local residents perception of those changes. The bachelor thesis focuses on local residents, who remember the period of collectivization and normalization. This thesis is focused mostly on changes between 1953 and 2014, in which ortophotomaps, that show the actual state the best, were made. Sources, used in this work, were map of stable cadastre, ortophotomaps, chronicles, paintings, photographs, data for GIS from LUCC Czechia database and interviews with residents.
Interviews with local residents were performed during the period of December 2015 to February 2016. Those interviews were semi-structured and were focused on the period of the 30s, 40s and 50s of the 20th century, which is the period of biggest changes in the landscape structure.
Information from those interviews were compared to information from Stable cadastre map and ortophotomaps from years 1953 and 2014, which show the real state the best.
|
|
|
Typology of composite parts of the cultural landscape on sandstone bedrock.
Cimburová, Dorotea ; Veith, Tomáš (advisor) ; Halamová, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with typology of structures built in sandstone bedrock and its relationship to natural conditions, primarily the relief.
Its purpose is to compare and evaluate usage of typologies dealing with sandstone structures. Typologies of different authors are therefore at first compared in literature research. Afterwards, its usage is evaluated on the basis of terrain research. The research took place in the model area of Holans ponds. Found structure elements, which use sandstone bedrock, were photographed and then imported into the underlying map using GIS.
Another aim is to evaluate the landscape structure in the model area. For this purpose, the geosystem approach is used. It is described in a larger detail in the literature researches. Landscape structure in this approach is divided into primary, secondary and tertiary structure. In this work, primary landscape structure is represented by the relief, secondary by the structures and tertiary by the intangible heritage protection of these buildings. This work deals with an assumption of mutual influence between elements of particular structures. The main emphasis is given on the relation between relief and buildings.
To evaluate and confirm the hypothesis of a relation between relief and buildings, the Biogeographical division of Czech Republic II. part and the map of biochore is used. Both of them provide information about relief. Structure elements found in the model area were confronted with the map of biochore in GIS. In this way, the primary and secondary landscape structure of model area is described. To find example of relationship between structures and tertiary landscape structure the Central list of Cultural Heritage of Czech Republic was used.
On the basis of terrain research the applications of particular typologies were confirmed and evaluated. It turned out that typologies of some authors are more applicable and suitable in the model area compared to others. Also, the hypothesis that particular elements of landscape structure of the model area interact with each other was confirmed.
|
|
|
Historical development of landscape with elements of baroque architecture in the Chyše study area (Karlovy Vary Region)
Duřt, Jan ; Kottová, Blanka (advisor) ; Vlasák, Josef (referee)
This thesis deals with the monitoring and evaluation of the development of landscape structure in the municipality Chyše in Karlovy Vary Region. Hereafter the work focuses on the study of small sacral architecture and its impact on the overall appearance of the contemporary landscape. For analysis of the area were used map data from three periods. The oldest substrates were Imperial Imprints of cadastral maps stable from 1841. Furthermore, it was the black and white aerial photographs from 1952 and current orthophotos from 2014.
The first part focuses on the definition of general concepts and issues in the direction of landscape. The second part focuses on the characteristics and history of the area. The third part deals with the processing of the underlying data in ArcGIS 10.2. The data were vectorised based on three time periods. This was followed by their distribution into categories LU/LC. And the final phase was analysing data, including interpretation.
The results point to the current and past trends of changes in the landscape structure. It can trace mainly by the declining mosaicity and thus increasing the overall landscape facets. Since the 1950' soccurs larger areas of forests at the expense of agricultural land. The landscape around Chyše, however, retains partly its distinctive character, despite all the outside influences.
The results show the evolution of the landscape structure with a substantial contribution from a man for nearly 180 years. Significant benefits can bring results as a source for the future development of the area, especially in the field of landscape planning, urban planning and land consolidation.
|
|
|
Studie změn využití území vybrané obce na území KRNAP
Rejlová, Kristýna
This thesis deals with the development of land in the administrative area of Špindlerův Mlýn. The author will assess developmental changes in land use, changes in its structure and the effect of those changes on the landscape. These changes will be monitored in 1953, 1997 and 2012, using aerial photographs and prepared structure of land use in ArcGIS. It will also be used period images of the monitored area and own photographs from the present.
|
|
|
The Methodology of Concept of Landscape Layout for Protection and Regeneration of Cultural, Historical and Natural Values
Kučera, Petr ; Flekalová, Markéta ; Trpáková, Lenka ; Sedláček, Jozef ; Matějka, Daniel ; Lacina, Darek
The methodology is focused on the formulation of requirements of Ministry of Culture, integral part while creating one of the three basic concepts of the current zoning plan: urban design, landscape layout and concept of technical infrastructure. The concept of landscape layout is based on solving conflicts and problems in the area, which arose due to discrepancies between primary, secondary and tertiary structure of the landscape. The methodology is aimed to find tools for the restoration of cultural, historical and natural landscape values.
Fulltext:  PDF
|
guest ::
