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Spontánní obnova drobných mokřadů na orné půdě
VITTEK, Petr
Spontaneous restoration of wetlands on arable field was observed in the part of South Bohemia. The main aim of the study was to describe colonization of the newly formed wetlands by plants in relation to character of the site and its surroundings (age and size of the wetland, distance to the field margin and to a nearest permanent wetland). Data were collected during six seasons (2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016) and analyzed using regression analyses, scatterplots and ordination analyses (DCA, CCA). There were found no significant effects of the distance to the permanent wetland and the distance to the edge of the field on species composition of the newly created wetlands. The effect of successional age of wetlands on their species composition was significant. Species with a higher colonization ability were relatively more frequent in those wetlands located in a longer distance form the edge of the field. Participation anemochorious and hydrochorious species increased during a succesional time on studied wetlands, the proportion zoochorious and hemerochorious species decreased. These conclusions, however, be taken with caution, because it captured with a relatively small margin successional age. In general, it was shown that spontaneous restoration of wetlands on arable land is possible and runs to (semi)natural wetland vegetation.
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Human impact on creating the landscape
Lainová, Dana ; Janků, Jaroslava (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the differences in landscape structure caused by human influence in nature conservation area Czech paradise. It guide us though period from year 1955 until the present. It take into consideration both the previous and current landscape form, as for land area, landscape character, plant and animal association and abiotic factors. Bachelor work describes particular human influence on forming aspect of this natural heritage. It focuses on forestry and forest cover situation, agriculture and farmland. It does not forget hunting and its related situation of wild animals, fish farming which means purity of water. It will occupies water management and its watercourses modification. Least but not last it concentrates on infrastructure and related development and structural engineering. Attention will be aimed at sewage management, industry and natural raw materials extraction. It has to be mentioned the areas of tourism, mountain climbing and recreation, which should be kept only in marked areas and in accordance with nature conservation. Based on findings from individual areas is possible to compare what an impact did a human being on forming aspect of landscape of Czech paradise from year 1955 until the present. Even for such short time of history, it can be observed large change in landscape character or species association. For the future it will be necessary to reduce intensity of landscape recasting and more focus on conservation of indigenous of this nature heritage.
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Long-term production and structure changes within agriculture in Vysočina district and the impact of these upon the future development of a specific farm
Brož, David ; Prášilová, Marie (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
The thesis deals with statistic analysis of long term trends in production and structural indicators in agriculture in Vysocina district during the years 2000 to 2015. Theoretical part explains agriculture development, characteristics of production factors, subsidies and also land resources of the Czech Republic. The practical part of the thesis concentrates on the most significant crops in the district and on the yields of those crops. Further more, the thesis focuses on the most significant categories of farm animals. The thesis concentrates on a specific farm which is analyzed the same way. On the basis of statistical methods there are found point and interval forecasts of farm animals state and also forecasts of structural and production indicators. The resulting indicators characterize the development in Vysocina district and its future considering current trends. The results of the thesis are summarized into a perspectives of agriculture development in Vysocina district and into recommendations for the selected farm. The data for the thesis were gathered from the yearbooks of the Czech Statistical Office, definitive data of harvest of agriculture crops for respective years, and farmer portal.
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The current condition of soil organic matter in Stropnicko selected sites
BOROVKA, Jan
The main objective of this thesis was to determine the current status of soil organic matter (SOM) in the Stropnice River basin based on the collected soil samples. SOM is a major source of carbon in the soil. The amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the samples was measured using the FORMACSHT TOC / TN analyser, as well as the additional module PRIMACSMCS (fa Skalar - CARBON Instruments Ltd.). The values measured in 2014 were compared according to the land use (woodland, grassland, arable land) and the depth of sampling (A: 0-15 cm, B: 15 - 30 cm, C: 30 - 45 cm). Furthermore, these values were compared with values from 2001 and 2007. The highest SOC concentration was found in the upper layers of forest soils, grassland soils showed lower SOC content, whereas the arable land showed the lowest amount of SOC. Over the time, depletion of SOC is evident for all categories of land use.
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Závislost obsahu vybraných kovů na množství a kvalitě organické hmoty v půdě
Janovský, Jakub
The aim of the experiment was to assess the dependence of selected metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni and Pb) for the quantity of organic matter and its quality on arable land. Soil sampling was conducted in Starý Hrozenkov and Žítková, located in the White Carpathians. Soil samples were collected during the growing season of 2012, on a monthly basis (April to October) from a depth of 0-30 cm. To determine the content of available metals by AAS, soil samples were extracted with 2M HNO3. Determination of the amounts of soil organic matter was performed by an oxidometric method (Cox), for determining the monitored fractions of soil organic matter (humic substances, humic and fulvic acids) was used the method of short fractionation. The results of analyzes of soil samples revealed that the supply of all monitored metals was in Žítková lower than in Starý Hrozenkov. Like the metal was also the quantity of each fractions of soil organic matter at the site Žítková lower than in the soil Starý Hrozenkov. In both localities were found a positive correlation between Cox and almost all the monitored elements. In soil in Žítková was found medium strong dependence metals (r = 0.4339 to 0.6675) on the content of humic substances in soil and medium dependence Zn, Cu and Fe on fulvic acids. In the Starý Hrozenkov was medium dependence Pb, Ni and Mn on humic acids and medium strong dependence Fe on fulvic acids (r = 0.4459).
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Optimization of the procedure for the transfer of ownership of agricultural land
Svrčeková, Monika ; Gardášová, Alena (referee) ; Hlavinková, Vítězslava (advisor)
The Master´s thesis is focused on optimizing the procedure for the transfer of ownership of agricultural land, which will also form the aim of this work. The theoretical part consists of information on the acquisition of property rights to agricultural land. They also described the basic concepts related to the issue. The practical part is formed at the beginning of the analysis of the situation on the market of agricultural land type arable land species in the selected area. It is followed by the creation of objective work, which is creating the optimal procedure for the transfer of ownership of agricultural land. Conclusion the Master´s thesis contains a description of differences in the transfer of ownership of practice and also a summary of the law legislation in the Czech and Slovak Republics
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Land grabbing and land prices since 1989
MELMEROVÁ, Anna
The bachelor's thesis is focused on mapping the decrease of agricultural and especially arable land in the Czech Republic since 1989, examining the changeover of agricultural land to built-up areas, mapping the development of charges for land grabbing, evaluation of legislative conditions for the land grabbing and evaluation of opportunities to affect the land grabbing by the administration. Two hypotheses have been formulated: 1. Construction is carried out mainly at the expense of arable land - data analysis of the conversion of arable land confirmed this hypothesis. 2. Increased charges for the land grabbing in 2011 have had an effect on soil loss - comparison charges for the land grabbing with the loss of agricultural land did not confirm this hypothesis.
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Spontaneous restoration of wetlands on arable land.
VITTEK, Petr
Spontaneous restoration of wetlands on arable land was observed in the part of South Bohemia. The main aim of the study was to describe colonization of the newly formed wetlands by plants in relation to character of the site and its surroundings (age and size of the wetland, distance to the field margin and to a nearest permanent wetland). Data were collected during three seasons (2011, 2012 and 2013) and analyzed using linear regression and ordination analyses (DCA, CCA). There were found no significant effects of the distance from the permanent wetland and the distance to the edge of the field on species composition of the newly created wetlands, only some trends were obvious. The effect of successional age of wetlands on their species composition was significant. In general, it was shown that spontaneous restoration of wetlands on arable land is possible.
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