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The lowest-mortality countries: their specifics and trends of development
Stýblová, Julie ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
The lowest-mortality countries: their specifics and trends of development Abstract The main objective of this work is to analyze mortality rates in the countries with the lowest mortality rates in the world between 1990 and 2013 for males and females separately. In order to assess development trends, indicators of life expectancy at birth, probability of death, which served to assess the mortality by age and using one-dimensional decomposition, the contributions of different age groups to the change in life expectancy at birth were determined. For a more detailed analysis, mortality was assessed for selected groups of death causes using standardized mortality rates and the view was complemented by a two-dimensional decomposition, which determined the contributions of age groups and major cause classes to assess how age group and cause of death has contributed to the change in life expectancy at birth. All countries have increased their life expectancy at birth and no signs of slowing are observed. The results show that each country is approaching and there are not too many differences. Selected countries have similar trends in decreasing mortality rates in older age groups and changing the order of the most important causes of death. Key words: Mortality, age and gender, causes of death, life expectancy,...
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Comparative analysis of working age population mortality in selected developed countries
Straka, Jakub ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Rybová, Kristýna (referee)
Comparative analysis of working age population mortality in selected developed countries Abstract The main aim of this thesis was to analyze trends in mortality situation of working-age population (20-64 years old) in 31 developed countries in period 1995-2010 and to find similarities and differences between them. Temporary life expectancy was used as an indicator which summarizes the intensity of mortality in productive age. One-dimensional and two-dimensional decomposition revealed the contributions of individual age groups and selected nine major groups causes of death defined by ICD to the difference in temporary life expectancy values between 1995 and 2010 in five selected countries. An analysis of the development of this indicator has shown that there has been a prolongation of life span in working age in all surveyed countries and differences in mortality rates between countries decreased. Major cause of this trend was probably reduction of the mortality rate in the middle-aged population, mainly of external causes, in the 20-54 age group in countries with lower life expectancy rates. However, to verify this hypothesis, it would be necessary to analyze other developed countries with a higher level of mortality in working age population than Bulgaria and Lithuania. Countries with higher temporary life...
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Similarities and differences in the structure and intensity of mortality in the Scandinavian countries
Štiplová, Veronika ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
Similarities and differences in the structure and intensity of mortality in the Scandinavian countries Abstract The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find similarities and differences in the structure and intensity of mortality from 1990 to 2014 in four Scandinavian countries (in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden). First, the mortality rate is compared in the total and then it is compared due to six selected classes of causes of death (diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, diseases of the respiratory system, external causes of morbidity and mortality, mental and behavioural disorders, and finally, diseases of the nervous system). In the analyzed period, life expectancy at birth increased in all of the analyzed countries for both sexes and it was higher for women than men, however the increase in males is higher than in females. Most of the increase in life expectancy at birth was caused by decrease in the mortality rate due to diseases of the circulatory system. In the early 1990s, the class of circulatory disease represented the cause of death for approximately half of all deaths in both sexes in all of the analyzed countries. Neoplasms were the cause of death for another 20 % of deaths, in Denmark 25 %. In the monitored period, the share of deaths due to circulatory system diseases decreased to...
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The wider context of the impact of solar activity on mortality by cause in the Czech Republic
Podolská, Kateřina ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šídlo, Luděk (referee) ; Laštovička, Jan (referee)
The wider context of the impact of solar activity on mortality by cause in the Czech Republic Abstract The presented dissertation investigates the influence of extraterestrial phenomena, in the whole scope of their possible effects, on human population. It analyses the influence of climate-change induced fluctuation of solar activity on the population, as well as the impact of the concentration of cosmogenic radionuclides on human health. In the introduction, the manifestation of solar activity on Earth is described, the results of the present research is summarized, and the used methods of data processing and the data sources are described. The primary focus of this work is the association of mortality from the causes of death recorded under chapter IV. Diseases of the nervous system and chapter IX. Diseases of the circulatory system of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision (ICD-10) in the Czech Republic with the changes in the level of solar activity and its exceptional fluctuations. The main aim is to determine the possible link between the daily numbers of dead by the respective causes of death, by sex and age groups in the Czech Republic, on global as well as on geographically specific daily values of solar, ionospheric, and geomagnetic parameters in the years 1994-2013. These are...
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Regional differentiation of cause-specific mortality in selected countries of Central Europe
Domonkos, Zsolt ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse the differentiation in mortality rates at the international and regional level (NUTS 2) in selected countries of Central Europe (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Germany, Austria, Switzerland). At the country level, it examines the development of total mortality and cause- specific mortality since 1990. At the regional level, it evaluates the regional differences in total mortality and cause-specific mortality in the period 2008-2010. The thesis makes use of demographic indices (life expectancy, dispersion measure of mortality, lifespan disparity, standardised death rate) and tools of statistical analysis (Poisson regression, cluster analysis). The analysis reveals that mortality rates have decreased in Central European countries, although significant differences in the intensity of mortality can still be observed at the international as well as regional level. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Regional analysis of cause-specific mortality in European countries
Šebík, Jan ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Pachlová, Tereza (referee)
The goal of this bachelor thesis was to identify regional inequalities of cause-specific mortality in NUTS 2 regions (28 European Union countries, Iceland, Norway, Macedonia, Switzerland) and analyse their development from 1999 to 2010. The analysis was carried out individually for each sex because of different mortality intensity between sexes. The mortality intensity was analysed through age- standardized mortality rates and life expectancy at birth. These indicators enabled international comparison of NUTS 2 regions. More detailed analysis was created for five main groups of causes of death: diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the digestive system and external causes of mortality. Generally, the age-standardized cause-specific mortality decreased in Europe but in some regions it increased. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Comparative analysis of avoidable mortality in selected European countries during 1980-2010
Pražák, Michal ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Hulíková Tesárková, Klára (referee)
The main objective of the thesis is the evaluation of the development of avoidable mortality in selected European countries during 1980-2010 with emphasis on comparison of East and West. Concept of avoidable mortality was established to measure the effectiveness of the health care system in 70s of the past century. The main results of the thesis indicate different development of avoidable mortality during 80s in both parts of Europe. Inefficient medical care and inappropriate health policy in formal Eastern Bloc contributed to divergent trends of avoidable mortality in Europe. Different trends of mortality were observed in East European countries especially during the transformation process. The importance of selection of avoidable causes and age limits was confirmed. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Analysis of the regional development of mortality in NUTS 3 regions in Czechia and Sweden during 1997-2011
Trajer, Jiří ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
Analysis of the regional development of mortality in NUTS 3 regions in Czechia and Sweden during 1997-2011 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze and describe the development of regional mortality in Czechia and Sweden from 1997 to 2011. Besides of total mortality of both countries and their regions we will focus on the development of regional mortality and regional differentiation of mortality from five most common causes of death for both sexes. These five groups include diseases of circulatory, respiratory and digestive system and neoplasms with external causes of morbidity and mortality. As a basic indicator from selected causes of death is used age-standardized mortality rate and in case of total mortality is also used life expectancy. In both countries the raise of life expectancy and decline of standardized mortality rates were observed during the monitored period. The decline of standardized mortality rates were observed in both countries for almost all causes of death with one exception. The exception was rise of the mortality from respiratory system diseases in Czechia. Keywords: mortality, regional analysis, causes of death, Czechia, Sweden, regional inequalities
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Mortality in the czech countries in the years 1920-1937 with emphasis on selected infectious diseases
Skalák, Zdeněk ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
Mortality in the Czech countries in the years 1920-1937 with emphasis on selected infectious diseases Abstract The aim of this work is to analyze mortality rates in the czech countries in the years 1920-1937. We focus on a group of infectious diseases that had in this period in terms of cause of death still a high proportion. The rate of mortality due to infectious diseases is dependent on many aspects, such as the correct detection of the disease, effective vaccines and the level of medicine. It is these causes that brought about the sharp decline in mortality due to infectious diseases in the late 19th century. Hovewer, the First World War interupted this permanent decline and the newly created Czechoslovak state had to deal with relatively high mortality due to these diseases. The inter-war period saw recurrent epidemies of infectious deseases, nevertheless until the Second World War we can see the change in mortality due to causes. The infectious diseases are gradually replaced by modern diseases, especially cancers and diseases of the circulatory system. Key words: mortality, causes of death, infectious diseases, decomposition, classification of causes of death, medical discoveries, the level of health
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