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New Labour and the Devolution of the United Kingdom in the 1990s
Stejskal, Leoš ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
(english) This work focuses on the development devolution questions in the second half of the 20th century and the final implementation of the 90's 20th century policy of New Labour. It seeks to analyze the main assumptions and circumstances leading to the creation of a new institutional framework of the constitutional British Union. The subjects of the research are various political actors and their strategies to attain certain goals, but the focus is on New Labour as the main actor of the period and political phenomenon of essential social processes of the late 20th century. The object of analysis is the connection between the first unsuccessful attempt to devolution in the 70th years and 90 years, with a focus on social, economic and political development. This development enabled the establishment of a just political success of New Labour and devolution enforcement policy, in its specific form as such.
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Comparison of Thatcherism and New Labour on the Example of Their Approach to the Welfare State
Šimunská, Petra ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Rovná, Lenka (referee)
Thatcherism and New Labour represent British version of the New Right and the Third Way - ideological approaches which influenced many Western countries in the last two decades of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century. The similarities between Thatcherism and New Labour have been the source of considerable academic and political discussion. This study is focused on the welfare state and governmental measures and reforms in social security system. The research is designed as comparative study based on data analysis of secondary and primary sources. This thesis aims to define key similarities and differences of proposed ideologies. It suggests that the main difference between Thatcherism and New Labour is grounded in their primary understanding of the role of the welfare state system in society and related long term policies rather than in intended short term targets and reforms. Moreover, the influence of these ideas on policy making process of Thatcher and Blair governments is discussed.
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The Transformation of the British Labour Party in years 1994-1997
Onesork, Jaroslav ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Polinec, Martin (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find the cause of success of the British Labour Party in general election in 1997. In addition to examining the assumptions for this victory the work also focuses on the search for the roots and the beginning of an ideological transformation "old" Labour Party into "new" called New Labour under Tony Blair in years 1994-1997. This paper applies case study metodology. In conclusion identifies the key moments of transformation and raises the question whether and to what extent this success can be generalized and applied to other social democratic parties.
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Ethical dimension of New Labour's foreign policy, 1997-2001: the case of international trade in arms
Burda, Ondřej ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to examine two main hypotheses, which are closely related to the ethical dimension that was for the first time introduced in 1997 by the then Minister of Foreign Affairs, Robin Cook. Firstly, the work seeks to explore whether New Labour fulfilled obligations relating to its ethical dimension. These commitments are determined by the Western world's generally accepted values such as freedom, tolerance, democracy and justice. They are also determined by government statements and speeches. Secondly, the work is trying to determine whether the implemented policy differed from that of the previous administration of Conservative Party. The fulfillment of these hypotheses is examined in the area of the international arms trade. The time is defined by the first term of the Labour Party government between the years 1997 and 2001. Since the work deals with a large number of primary sources its basic method is analysis.
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Reform of the House of Lords under the New Labour government 1997- 2010
Winterová, Kristýna ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Rovná, Lenka (referee)
The House of Lords today is with its ongoing presence of hereditary peers largely seen as undemocratic and illegitimate. In 1997 the New Labour government introduced a manifesto plan to end the hereditary principle and to carry out a democratic reform of the House. This paper seeks to examine the changes to the second chamber under the New Labour government between 1997 and 2010. It is particularly interested in the more substantial changes to the formal institutional structure, such as composition, membership and the powers of the House. It seeks to provide a contextualised understanding of the nature of the House of Lords and the recent changes to it. Through an analysis of official documents and adopted measures between 1997 and 2010, this paper examines whether the real developments of the second chamber met the official plans of New Labour as stated in their manifestos (1997, 2001, 2005). It then examines the reforms and their institutional impacts more in detail. The paper concludes that the government failed to introduce the majority of its commitments. However, it is argued that there were other significant developments that increased the influence of the second chamber on the political process and brought it closer to the standards of modern democratic second chambers.
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New Labour and its engagement in the security policy of the European Union. Comparison of the first and second term of Tony Blair
Pavelková, Kristina ; Rovná, Lenka (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
The thesis analyses the security policy of Great Britain within the context of the security policy of the European Union. By using comparison of New Labour's approach to security policy during the first and second term of Tony Blair in the years 1997-2005, the thesis aims to answer the question whether New Labour managed to keep the pro-European tendencies of Great Britain during both of the terms. The analysis concludes that New Labour failed to maintain its vision of pro-European shift of Great Britain. Since 2001, there is a distinctive shift from European security policy to the American one. Great Britain was mainly interested in its overseas ally at the expense of the European partner after 2001. Partial research question is whether the European security and defence policy was successful or not in promoting the proclaimed objectives within the European Union and whether Great Britain used its security policy to obtain more significant position within the EU. Answer to such question is that Great Britain used its security policy to obtain greater position for negotiation within the EU during the first term of Tony Blair in year 1997-2001 and that in security and defence policy, we talk about New Labour's success in promoting the proclaimed objectives throughout the European Union. Second...
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The Causes of Success of New Labour and its Politics in 1997-2007
Hřebačková, Barbora ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Lacina, Tomáš (referee)
The bachelor thesis The Causes of Success of New Labour and its Politics in 1997-2007 deals with causes of New Labour s origin, its success, voting strategy, reforms and important leading personalities such as Tony Blair and Gordon Brown. First part of the thesis analyzes the period of Margaret Thatcher leadership that was crucially important in creating and shaping New Labour. The principal part of the thesis analyzes the key reforms implemented during Tony Blair s leadership and also New Labour s relationship with media and the party s ability to cooperate with them for its own benefit.
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The rise and fall of New Labour : a political ideology or just a trend?
Kopecká, Hana ; Rovná, Lenka (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
The Diploma thesis "The Rise and Fall of New Labour: A Political Ideology or a Just a Trend?" focuses on the analysis of a British political course called New Labour. The research focuses on internal and external factors that had allowed this ideology to dominate the British politics over the last 13 years under the established brand of Labour Party. This thesis constitutes a comparative case study, based on the theoretical assumption of time, as well as economic and social constrains of the New Labour phenomenon. The circumstances which back in 1997 allowed the election triumph of New Labour, are often similar to those, that let to its decline a decade later, amid the new social, economic and political climate, caused its decline. This hypothesis is confronted with a secondary research based on the evaluation of broader economic, social and political influences. While the study has proved the validity of the New Labour idea in times of favorable economic and political circumstances, such as the combination of divided opposition and economic boom, it has also shown its failure in the times of economic downturn. Although the vision of New Labour was rejected by the current Labour Party, research and the governing coalition prove that the ideology can successfully operate in combination with...
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New Labour in power. Analysis of the first term of Tony Blair, 1997-2001.
Belza, Marek ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
Bachelor Thesis analyses the first term of Tony Blair s government. It gives an assessment of the newly transformed Labour Party. First deals with the economical and political evolution in Great Britain after the monetary revolution in 1979 till the year 1997. Then are analyzed the most important approaches of 1997 2001 Tony Blair s government. It analyses the activities of the government in the field of education, monetary and fiscal policy or employment policy. There is also dealt with the important NHS reforms, Blair s approach to criminality, European integration, the national question or Northern Ireland. In conclusion there is a comparison of selected economic indicators of United Kingdom, Germany and France in the given period.
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Comparison of selected aspects of Thatcherism and 'New Labour' in Great Britain (1979-2007)
Bjačková, Lucie ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
This thesis compares selected aspects of the policies of conservative Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (1979-1990) and Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair (1997-2007). Thatcherism and New Labour are two important phenomena in the development of Great Britain in the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. The subject of comparison is functioning of the Welfare State and the relationship with the European Union. Individual chapters analyse the main points of the main policies of the two prime ministers in particular areas of the Welfare State, in the area of European integration, this work deals with matters which in his term prime ministers discussed the most, and compares the overall attitude and relationship with the European Union. The essence of work is to analyse and highlight the many similarities as well as many differences in policies of both prime ministers.
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