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The Use of Asbestos, Remediation of Contaminated Areas and the Risk of Impact on the Human Organism
Štípek, Radek ; Bendl, Jiří (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee)
The work deals with the uses of asbestos minerals, methods of safe disposal of asbestos and the disease burden caused by exposure to asbestos fibers, of which the most dangerous is crocidolite. Attention is paid to the physical-chemical and structural properties, classification and explanation of the processes of their formation, indicating areas of the Czech Republic and abroad. Describes the history of asbestos use since ancient times to the 20th century, including mass balance asbestos consumed in the technosphere that over the past hundred years, amounts to almost 194 million tons. It then focuses on building fire protection, insulation and other products with different content of asbestos in the world which total over 3000 and registered on the characteristics of asbestos substitute materials, such as ceramic, glass and carbon fibers, aramids, wollastonite, vermiculite and perlite. Describes methods for determination of asbestos fibers in the air, water and soil as a complete course of rehabilitation of contaminated objects. Asbestos fibers pose a risk to human health in the form of asbestosis, first diagnosed in 1900, pleural hyalinosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma of the pleura, where the first evidence of association with exposure to asbestos dates back to 1955 and on the basis of which...
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Ekonomická náročnost rekonstrukce či přestavby bývalého kravína v obci Oltyně
HORKÝ, Petr
The diploma thesis deals with the economic demands of individual proposals how to deal with a particular object and evaluate the most suitable solution. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with constructions of agricultural constructions, defects of building structures and their remediation and handling of hazardous waste. The practical part deals with financial demands of individual proposals and their subsequent evaluation.
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Rating solve the problem of asbestos in school of the region from the perspective of teachers
ŠMERHOVÁ, Ilona
Asbestos, a fibrous mineral with excellent chemical and physical properties and a very wide application, especially in civil engineering, is now known to be a proven human carcinogen and therefore its utilization was forbidden. It causes asbestosis, pleural hyalinosis, acute exudative pleuritis, lung cancer and pleural mesothelioma. Recently, many reconstructions of school facilities took place and are still taking place across the Czech Republic. This causes the drilling and cutting of asbestos and thus the release of fibres into the atmosphere and the interiors of buildings. Many reconstructions were also executed in South Bohemia, where panels containing asbestos were handled. This was a cause of concern not only for teachers, the employees of the schools affected, but also for the parents of children attending schools containing asbestos materials. A whole number of bodies in mutual cooperation participated in the disposal of asbestos in schools in the Czech Republic. It is thus very necessary and useful for public health officers and the above-listed entities involved, to have information about how their approach to the given problem and the whole solution of the problem was assessed by the teachers. The thesis consists of two parts: theoretical and investigative. The work deals with the evaluation of the solution to the problem of asbestos by authorities involved in the school from the teachers' point of view. The theoretical part deals with selected chemical pollutants in the work environment. It also focuses on the pollutant asbestos in general. Lastly, another chapter is devoted to the issue of the assessment of health risks, which is very closely related to pollutants in the work environment. The practical part contains the results that emerged from interviews with teachers. In the discussion, the results are compared with online articles and specialist literature. The necessary data for the research part of the thesis was obtained through qualitative research interviews with educators from the elementary school Máj I. Through the evaluation of the interviews, I answered the research questions and identified several hypotheses that could be tested in future quantitative research. In this thesis, I aimed to identify the level of cooperation of stakeholders in addressing the issue of asbestos disposal in the school concerned in the South Bohemian Region. Research suggests that the solution to the problem of asbestos in the school was judged largely positively by the teachers. They particularly praised the approach of the Municipality of České Budějovice. They criticized the errors made by the OHL ŽS and Mapoz Zliv companies regarding the reconstruction and also the company Sita cz, which carried out the sanitation works, after whose intervention the teachers lacked many things. Educators confused the competences of the regional health authorities with the competences of the Health Institute, and therefore the general public should get acquainted with the competences of these bodies in order to facilitate the communication between the different entities and the public, not only in the asbestos issue.
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1. Reconstruction of the vocational school Dubňany. Construction Technology Preparation
Dohnálek, Marek ; Hrůza,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Kovářová, Barbora (advisor)
The subject of this technological preparation of construction is to find out scope of work needed for reconstruction of former miners school in Dubňany.In Czech Republic exits plenty of these abandoned places and this master thesis should serve as an example of reconstruction of some theirs parts.Within this project I would like to valorize the experience gained from excursion to foreign countries, where the passive and low-energetic buildings are common.Missing project documentation of some part of this facility was replaced by 3D modelling based on my own laser measurement.The main object SO 01 has been already rebuilt into passive apartment building but without building-technological study and proper project documentation.Due to missing foundations and confidential internal documentation of the construction company is impossible to compare the real material, human and financial resources with those mentioned within this thesis. The master thesis contains technical report for the building-technological project, coordination of the transport routes, chronological and financial plan, realisation of the main technological steps, equipment of the construction project , draft of machinery, time schedule of the main project, plan of getting the needful resources, technological regulations, control and probationary plans, disposal of asbestos reports, owning contract, two roof decks comparison from the point of view of thermal technology and specialization from the building field.
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Recycled aggregate to pavement constructions of roads
Antošová, Klára ; Mondschein,, Petr (referee) ; Stehlík, Dušan (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with using of recycled aggregate of concrete for base layers of pavement. The work is divided into practical and theoretical part. The theoretical part deals with basic concepts of construction and demolition waste, production, development and management of this waste in the Czech Republic. It also focuses on the principle of recycling and the use of recycled concrete in the Czech Republic and abroad. The practical part of the thesis deals with laboratory testing and assessment of recycled aggregates in bound, unbound and grouted courses layers of the base layers of roads.
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Production and assembly of a tubing for coal mill
Fešar, Tomáš ; Osička, Karel (referee) ; Kalivoda, Milan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on description of contract and all technicalities included in works supervision. First parts presents specification of design drawings which is necessary for price offer, next part describes design representing machining by means of repairs of wrongly drilled holes in steel structure of coal mill. Final part is dedicated to continuing to construction works and repairs of minor failing.
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Ověření obsahu azbestu v horninách lomu Sýkořice : závěrečná zpráva
Skála, Roman
Zpráva je volně šiřitelná. Anotace: U pěti vzorků hornin z lomu v Sýkořici byl vyhodnocován možný obsah azbestu. Horniny byly podrobeny makroskopickému a mikroskopickému pozorování a studiu elektronovým mikroanalyzátorem a práškovou rentgenovou difrakcí. V žádném ze studovaných vzorků nebyly nalezeny významné akumulace azbestových minerálů, jak jsou definovány právními normami ČR.
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Issues of asbestos exposition in agricultural brownfield sites
Bartoň, Roman ; Hadrabová, Alena (advisor) ; Dvořák, Antonín (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with issue of agriculture brownfields with exposure of asbestos. First part introduces asbestos, it's properties, history, health risks, important legal standards and rules for handling of asbestos waste. Next part includes introduction to brownfields issue. Topic of the agricultural brownfields is connected with asbestos issue. Reader will get the information about brownfields, its definition, categorization and impact on the site. Later on there will be information about financing of brownfields revitalization. Practical party of the thesis is oriented to problem with one concrete brownfield -- former poultry farm in Kotopeky. I describe the history, current status, potential future use and possibilities of financing the revitalization. Last part of this diploma thesis is filled with the manual for people who want to remove asbestos roof on their own.
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Health risks related to occupational exposure to asbestos
KLIMKOVÁ, Lenka
In our republic, occupational exposure to asbestos has been restricted to jobs concerned with disposal of products, materials and buildings containing asbestos, and research work studying asbestos fibres. The reason consists in health risks as all kinds of asbestos belong to high-risk carcinogens. The asbestos fibre related diseases should be reported. All data connected are kept in the National Institute of Public Health (NIPH) in Prague. The purpose of this study was to find out how much people are aware of the risks related to asbestos and find people who suffered from asbestos dust-induced disease, i.e. mesothelioma of pleura. The quantitative method was used to summarise information on asbestos-induced disease occurence in 1970-2010 available in the National Institute of Public Health in Prague. Along with that, the work maps the population awareness of asbestos risks. The thesis itself can be divided into two parts. The first one contains information based on data collection while the other part deals with data of NIPH in Prague. Two hypotheses were predicted: Hypothesis H1: People are aware of the material containing asbestos. Hypothesis H2: People are aware of negative impact of asbestos on human health. Both hypotheses were proved. Three hypotheses were suggested in the other part: Hypothesis H3: Latency, the time between first exposure to manifestation of disease, is never less than 20 years. Hypothesis H4: Incidence of mesothelioma of pleura and peritoneum is higher in people aged 60-69. Hypothesis H5: Smoking affects the course of the disease negatively. Hypotheses H3 and H4 were proved. Hypothesis H5 cannot be neither proved or disproved. Although the number of smokers among mesothelioma patients was higher, there is no evidence of negative effect of smoking on the disease. To prove this hypothesis, the data colllection should be larger. Findings of the study proved the time of exposure to asbestos fibres does not affect the occurence of this disease. The findings can be used in further research studies.
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