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Patients Knowing about Diabetes Mellitus and a Costs of this Diet
Bačovská, Martina ; Střítecký, Rudolf (advisor) ; Lešetický, Ondřej (referee)
The aim of this thesis is clear up patient access to diabetes mellitus. The studied areas are eating habits, access to physical activity and health treatment, which are directly related to the disease. The chapter on diabetic diet will bring knowledge about the monthly cost of food in these patients. This analysis answers the question, whether the amount of the monthly cost of diabetic diets is higher than the cost of food of a person with a rational diet.
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Changes in family behaviour in Czech Republic
Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Poláková, Olga (referee)
The work has theoretical character. It consists of five chapters. Included is the list of bibliographical references too. The first chapter defines the concept of family and its role in modern society, presents the view of several authors on the family and the family atmosphere, forms and functions of the family. In the second chapter the author points out the objectives and tasks of marriage to unmarried cohabitation. It addresses the impact of unemployment on family relations. The third chapter is devoted to parenting, the role of mother and father. The author emphasizes the importance of family for the child, dealing with the basic needs of children. Ample space is devoted to parenting. The fourth chapter deals with changes in family behavior in the Czech Republic from a demographic perspective, occurring after 1989. Notes on the causes behind a deep decline in marriage, fertility, birth, and also points to the cause of rising divorce rate. The author of the work shows the importance of family and parenthood for young people, the important position of children in terms of everyone and also tries to positively influence the desire for a child, which could then be positively reflected on the evolution of fertility and birth rate. The fifth chapter focuses on the demographic evolution of nuptiality, divorce rate. This chapter includes fertility, birth rate and abortion analyses.
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Use of Educational Projects in Care of Diabetics
LEOPOLDOVÁ, Lenka
The topic of my thesis is {\clqq}Application of education plans to care of diabetics``. Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by a disorder of metabolism of sugars, but also proteins and fats, which leads to increased glycaemia and glycosuria. Education is understood as guiding to independent coping with diabetes and better cooperation with medical staff. It is an inevitable and irreplaceable part of successful diabetes treatment. The thesis is aimed at mapping application of educational plans to care of diabetics. The thesis has a theoretical and a research parts. The theoretical part deals with information on diabetes mellitus, education in general and its specifics for diabetics. The research part involves a quantitative data collection method, namely observation and semi standardized interview. The research took place in a diabetology centre and in a diabetologist{\crq}s office. 10 diabetics, 6 men and 4 women participated. The observation was performed during a diabetic{\crq}s visit to a diabetologist{\crq}s office and involved 18 points divided into 7 areas aimed at the education process phase, education implementation form, education forms, diabetic{\crq}s theoretical and practical skills, educational environment and others. Interviews were performed after the medical consultations. The interview contained 37 questions, 18 of which offered choice of reply and possibility to ask an additional question. The remaining 19 questions were open. The interview questions focused on treatment regime, satisfaction, knowledge and skills of diabetics. The first goal was to find out how education benefits a diabetic. The second goal was to map whether diabetics can use the obtained information and skills in their everyday life. The third goal was to learn about educational forms and methods used by the diabetologist and in the diabetology centre. The fourth goal was to create an educational plan and test it in practice. The goals of the thesis were met. All the research questions were answered. The research part thus shows that education is beneficial for diabetics, they apply the obtained information and skills to their lives, the educational methods and forms are identical in the diabetology centre and at the diabetologist. The thesis may be utilized as evaluation of effectiveness of education performed for diabetics and the basic content of diabetes mellitus and education.
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Midwife´s role in edukation of women with gestacional diabetes mellitus
PERNÍKOVÁ, Hana
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a disorder of saccharide tolerance which is diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy and usually disappears after the delivery. As non-diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus can affect the fetus and influence subsequent delivery and post-delivery complications resulting from diabetic fetopathy of the newbom, a proactive screening of gestational diabetes is necessary during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes treatment using a special diet or low doses of insulin is not successful unless the woman is properly and systematically educated. The Bachelor Thesis called "Midwifes Role in Education of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus" was aimed at examining the ways in which midwives participate in education of women with gestational diabetes. The research was made using qualitative method and it was carried out through non-standardized interviews with midwives working with women suffering from gestational diabetes, and with a group of women with gestational diabetes. Four research objectives and five research questions were determined. The interviews were conducted during February and March 2010 in selected hospitals in the Czech Republic. lnterviews with women with gestational diabetes revealed differences in midwife s participation in the educational process. Women who were hospitalized during their pregnancy were only provided minimum information by the midwives. ln those cases, education was completely assumed by diabetes centres. Women who were at least once hospitalized during their pregnancy perceived the midwives as educators whom they could contact for assistance. Out of all educational materials, midwives only used text materials. None of them recommended websites. The midwives educational methods inc1uded explaining, instructing and discussion. They draw up dietary plans for women with gestational diabetes based on their own experience or educational materials provided by diabetologists. Research results showed that midwives rely very much on educating the women in diabetes centres. Based on information obtained from interviews with midwives in the other hospitals, I have drawn up an educational leaflet for women with gestational diabetes. This leaflet can be used as educational material in the antenatal-care unit of a hospital. In this way, midwives can provide women with important first information after telling them the diagnose to help them get over the period prior to visiting the diabetes centre.
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The differences between the nutrition of Seniors in their natural home milieu and in retirements homes.
KAUCKÁ, Eva
In my degree paper I am dealing with the difference in the nutrition of seniors coming from the natural home environment and those living in retirement homes, especially from the view of quality and quantity of their diet. The theoretical part is focused on basic information of a well-balanced diet of seniors and the specifics thereof. I also mention the importance of drinking regimen there. Recommended daily intakeand resources of individual nutrients are of high importance, too. In old age, diet must be adapted to the current state of health. As a rule, light meals, easily digestible are selected. The practical part presents the results of the research aimed at the above mentioned issues. The information was obtained with the health of questionnaires and retirement home{\crq}s menus. The respondents were divided into two groups according to their place of living. The first group contained the seniors from the natural home environment, the second included seniors from retirement homes. The nutritional quality and quantity was monitored only in the selected sample of four respondents. In my my research I set two hypotheses. According to the results of the questionnaires only the second part of the second hypothesis was confirmed, while the first hypothesis and the first part of second hypothesis were not confirmed.
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PROBLEMS OF DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING IN THE OBEZITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROM
VLKOVÁ, Renata
Metabolic syndrome is characterised by a combination of metabolic disorders and diseases with very serious consequences. Obesity is defined as being overweight with a high proportion of fatty tissue. According to the WHO, obesity is considered a serious epidemic of the 21st century. The aim of this work is to summarise mentioned issues from the available literature and to describe individual imaging modalities in diagnostic radiology related to metabolic syndrome, together with the evaluation of fat tissue distribution in the abdominal area, including its changes, after nutritional education and treatment in a monitored patient group. Participants have been randomised for the study group from the Centre for Adult Obesity and their BMI had to exceed 25. The main requirements were a voluntary cooperation, non-pharmacological methods of obesity treatment and weight limited to 140 kg. All of the addressed patients have shown their interest and willingness to continue this cooperation in the future.
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Rational Nutrition in Generation 50 plus
KOČOVÁ, Lenka
The title of this oliploma work signifies that it treats the nutrition issue of people falling unaler generation 50 plus. The topic was focused on the eating habits and drinking reginen with people at the range from 50 to 65 years of onge. The research tends to generation 50 plus acceptance and willingness to adapt to the diet arrangements. The question of health education and the attitude to the rational nutrition in this generation has also been mentioned. We should pay more attention to these points of issue because nutrition generally has a great number of impacts on the agring process of organism and therefore on the quality of people´s old age, too. This work tends to find out how generation 50 plus has faced up to taking meals according to the rules of the rational nutrition.
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Importance of Body Image Marketing
Hejdová, Miroslava ; Koudelka, Jan (advisor) ; Skokanová, Dagmar (referee)
Objective: Body image may be regarded as a very useful tool in marketing strategies. In the theoretic part of the thesis, body image topic is discussed from the women and men's perspective. Main aspects which could be used in marketing are stressed. 1) The first aim of the thesis is to support or explode a theory about current slim ideal in women and athletic body in men and furthermore struggling of men and women to fulfill this ideal by dieting or exercise. 2) The second aim is to find how exactly body image is used in printed adverts on cosmetics, medicines, food supplements and medical devices distributed in pharmacies. Methods: Questionnaire study, analysis of adverts on leaflets. Results: Aim 1: A total of 43 subjects were included in the study, 28 females, 15 males. The majority of subject had university education (35 subj.), none of the subject had only basic level of education. The most frequent residence included Prague (30 subjects). Two hypotheses were statistically confirmed in the study, i.e. Hypothesis 7: Women more than men are aware of the fact, that advertisements do influence their feeling about what they want to look like (p=0.004) and Hypothesis 13: The desire to loose weight is dependent on age (p=0.002). In women, slim body is preferred, while in men the best body would be athletic one. Aim 2: The percentage of total area which aimed at body image differs substantialy within the analysed sample (minimum 4%, maximum 36% of total area of the leaflet). Body image is most frequently used in adverts on cosmetics. In general, it seems, that the area dedicated to body image is very similar across all cathegories. Most of the adverts showed woman's body or its parts. If a man was shown, it was always in a particular social role (a father, a grandfather). Conclusion: Basic presumptions and hypotheses about body image of men and women in our society were confirmed. In line with published literature data, the women's ideal would mean a slim lady who takes care of herself. In men, it is a tall handsome browny man with friendly nature. A certain pilot study into printed adverts on various products sold in pharmacies also confirms wide use of body image in advertising on cosmetics and also over the counter sold medicines. Also in this part of the thesis a compliance with literature-published data concerning use of body image in advertising was found.
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Celiakie a diabetes pohledem ekonomie
Vlk, Václav ; Džbánková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Sirůček, Pavel (referee)
Práce se snaží poukázat na to, jaké náklady na dietní stravování musejí vynakládat bezlepkáři a diabetici a že vznikají i dodatečné náklady, které přímo s těmito nemocemi souvisí. Dále se snaží zjistit, jestli mají tito lidé právo získat nějaké příspěvky od státu, řešena je sociální i zdravotní sféra této oblasti. Výsledkem je porovnání stravovacích nákladů celiaků a diabetiků s náklady zdravých lidí.
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