|
Use of geochemical archives for the investigation of historical Hg deposition
Sýkorová, Kateřina ; Ettler, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Zuna, Milan (referee)
Human activities affect fluxes of mercury into the atmosphere and modify its biogeochemical cycle. Current emissions, concentrations and deposition rates of mercury are measured by a series of monitoring networks. For the estimation of historical deposition rates of mercury, we use numerous geochemical archives, which represent long-term records of atmospheric pollutants Trends in concentrations and accumulation of mercury well correspond to trends in burning of fossil fuels, industrialization and use of mercury during the 19th and 20th century. Peat bogs as geochemical archives are suitable for studying these trends. Further research will be devoted to deciphering the processes of sequestration and cycling of mercury in peatlands, especially the role of vegetation in these systems.
|
|
Study of local creep properties of power-plant pipe after long-term service
Milička, Karel ; Dobeš, Ferdinand
A distribution of creep properties in the wall of exposed pipe bend was studied by means of small punch creep. The method consists in a deformation of miniaturized disc specimen by spherical punch under an influence of constant force at elevated temperature. The thickness of the disc applied in the present study was 0.5 mm. The technique is illustrated using results of the tests of pipe bend manufactured from low alloy steel of Czech designation 15128 (DIN equivalent 14MoV 6 3) after service at 540 0C and 17.1 MPa for 104,000 hours. The procedures for estimating creep rupture strength and creep ductility from small punch tests are given.
|
|
The issue of life-threatening conditions in emergency medicine
KELBLOVÁ, Kateřina
Issues relating to life-threatening conditions in emergency medicine The purpose of this bachelor?s thesis was to determine how nurses in Intensive Care Units cope with common emergency situations. The theoretical part explains acute care, its three stages, staff/bed rate, and education and skills of the nurses. It also contains descriptions of possible acute life-threatening conditions, which may result in sudden cardiac arrest. It also describes specifics of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and stress the nurses experience in intensive care. The target was achieved through four sub-goals: To determine the level of preparedness of nurses to work in such departments. To determine whether specialized study program can influence preparedness for crisis situations. To determine whether nurses change their attitudes to crisis situations after a period of practice. To determine how nurses in this field experience and cope with crisis situations. The practical part contains a qualitative research based on semi-standardized interviews held with eight nurses, and consequent content analysis accomplished through open coding. There were determined 23 categories and other sub-categories. For better clarity, data in categories 2,3,7,9,10 and 19 were put into categorization tables. The conclusion is: half of the nurses that claimed secondary school of nursing had been their only completed study program said this education prepared them inadequately for real situations. Only one nurse who had completed the specialized program felt ready for ICU. Partial preparedness was found in the nurse who had completed a higher vocational school. Preparedness can also be assessed from feelings the nurses experienced soon after they started their careers at ICU. Only one nurse felt all right; the others felt anxiety and stress. This means, nurses are not sufficiently prepared on theoretical level when they start their careers; and it results in negative feelings, eg. stress. The hypothesis No. 1 is: Nurses are insufficiently prepared on theoretical level when they start their careers. The survey showed that 6 nurses had completed specialized study program; one before she joined ICU, and one is currently in the program. All nurses who finished the study program find it helpful; only the nurse with no program completed feels she is not ready for crisis situations now. Therefore, the hypothesis No. 2 is: Specialized study program has a positive impact on how nurses handle crisis situations. Reaching the third objective, the survey looked at how nurses dealt with crisis situations at the start of their careers and at the time of the survey. Three nurses had identical answers. Two found no situation critical, and one still finds the fight for patient?s life burdensome. Two nurses replaced ?resuscitation? with ?no crisis situation?; one mentioned ?conflicts in the workplace?, and two remaining nurses described insignificant changes. Yet, all nurses but one responded that the length of their practice has positive impact on how they handle crisis situations. Even though the length brings safety and peace, it does not necessarily improve the care provided. Objective No. 4: What feelings do nurses have when they handle crisis situations? Most frequent answer was staying balanced and composed, rational thinking, and speed in decision-making process; also a certain form of stress. Interestingly, if asked about possible reasons for leaving the department, nurses mentioned general management, problems in the team and in relationships; only two nurses were fully happy with their jobs. The results and conclusions of this bachelor?s thesis may serve as inspiration to managers in nursing.
|
|
A study of aneuploidy in gametes and embryos
Diblík, Jan ; Macek, Milan (advisor) ; Forejt, Julius (referee) ; Rubeš, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with improvement and clinical application of molecular cytogenetic methods for reproductive genetics. These methods include both clinical investigations used for improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic care for infertile couples and experimental methods that can become the basis of new diagnostic tools. The thesis concentrates on the study of aneuploidies, because they constitute a major complication of human reproduction especially by means of assisted reproductive technologies. Aims The main practical aim was the introduction of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for evaluation of chromosomes in sperm, polar bodies and blastomeres for prefertilisation and preimplantation diagnosis of aneuploidies. The main scientific objective was the study of chromosome localization in nuclei of blastomeres, that are removed from human embryos for preimplantation diagnosis. The aim of this study was to find, whether the localization of chromosomes in relation to the nuclear center and periphery is ruled by the same rules as in other cell types in later stages of development and whether the localization is influenced by aneuploidy. Next aim was to search for peripheral localization of chromosome X in embryos with more than one copies of the chromosome X. This could be a manifestation of X...
|
| |
|
The study of dairy cattle nutrition
ALENKOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis deals with the nutrition of dairy cows and feeding technique and evaluates standart of nutrition on the given farm. The evaluation of the nutritional standart was based on an assessment of the needs of nutrients and energy for the recommended values in relation to utility parameters. Information on the composition of feed rations and information describing the technique of feeding were obtained from the dietary study of the Czech Pied Breed in various stages of lactation. The work also focused on evaluating the quality of forage from the perspective of selected fermentation characteristics and nutritional value.
|
| |
|
Studying Formation and Kinetics of Belite Clinker Hydration
Halešová, Adéla ; Walter, Martin (referee) ; Gazdič, Dominik (advisor)
DIPLOMA THESIS IS DEVOTED TO THE STUDY OF PREPARATION OF PURE BELITE CLINKER FOR THE POTENTIAL INCREASE OF KINETICS OF THE HYDRATION PROCESS BY CHEMICAL ACTIVATION. THE THESIS OF THIS WORK IS BASED ON RESEARCH FINDINGS CONCERNING BELITE CLINKER AND RESEARCH AT THE INSTITUTE OF THD. THE THESIS AIMS TO DESIGN COMPOSITION OF THE RAW MEAL BURNING BELITE, FOLLOWING MODIFICATION BY SULPHATE AND POTASSIUM CARBONATE IN ORDER TO POTENTIALLY INCREASE THE REACTIVITY OF THE BURNT BELITE CLINKER AND THE LABORATORY FIRING OF PREPARED SAMPLES. THE LAST STEP WAS TO ASSESS THE MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION OF BURNED SAMPLES XRD ANALYSIS AND FOLLOWING COMPARISON CELL PARAMETER OF BELITE WITH AND WITHOUT ADDED MODIFYING ADDITIVES.
|
|
Specifické poruchy učení z pohledu pedagogů středních škol
Hájková, Petra
This bachelor thesis discusses specific learning disorders of students from point view of high school pedagogues. It follows the approach of pedagogues towards pupils and their specific disorders. The thesis consists of two parts. The theoretical part of the thesis states basic defintions of speficic learning disorderes, their brief overview and puts emphasis on education of pupils with specific learning disorders. It discusses personality of the educator and his or her approach towards the students with specific learning disorders. Methods used in the theoritical part are mostly study of specialised literature, taking notes, their further analysis, comparison and synthesis. Practical part engages in discussion whether or not are teachers sufficiently informed of special learning disorders and what is their relevant knowledge on this topic. Used method was a questionary distributed among teachers. The outcome of this thesis will be used as a suggestion for teaching practice and were elaborted by descriptive statistic.
|
|
Cell cycle and differentiation in Giardia Intestinalis
Jiráková, Klára ; Nohýnková, Eva (advisor) ; Doležal, Pavel (referee) ; Müller, Norbert (referee)
Giardia is a unicellular parasitic organism; it is a worldwide cause of human diarrhea. It has minimalistic genome equipment and simplified molecular and metabolic pathways. In this respect, it is a suitable model organism for studying cell cycle regulation and to define the minimal genetic and protein equipment required for the functional reproduction of the eukaryotic cell. Its life cycle comprises of two stages; a pathogenic trophozoite and an infective cyst, which can survive in outer environment. New knowledge about encystation can be therapeutically important because this process is a target for vaccine and drug development. Since cell cycle analysis requires a synchronized population, we studied the effect of the synchronization drug aphidicolin on individual cell characteristics during the cell cycle of Giardia trophozoites. Our results showed that aphidicolin caused inhibition of DNA synthesis and trophozoites were aligned according to their DNA content in G1/S border. Subsequent inhibition of entry into mitosis and cytokinesis indicates, that Giardia has functioning DNA damage checkpoint. Extensive treatment with aphidicolin causes side effects. We detected positive signals for phosphorylated histone H2A which, in mammalian cells, is involved in a signaling pathway triggered as a reaction...
|
guest ::
