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Autism and game
SEDLÁČKOVÁ, Karolína
This diploma thesis is called Autism and game and there are two main parts theoretical one and practical one. The theoretical introduction is based on general knowledge about autism, followed by important chapters of the thesis which are concerned on the visual communication, visual communication strategy in autism and compensation aids. The content of the practical part is the origin and solution description of the compensation aid suggested by myself the visual calendar for better orientation in the longer time space. In the conclusion of the thesis there is an assessment of the visual calendar use in practice. In addition there is a picture supplement.
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The use of assistive devices for patients with Bechterev disease
KULHÁNKOVÁ, Barbora
The theoretical part of the thesis describes the actual disease. It is a rheumatic disease which includes inflammatory processes located in the spinal area. The disease is also called Ankylosing spondylitis. Typical symptom of the Bechterew's disease is stiffness and consequent back pain. Successful treatment must include use of nonsteroidal antirheumatic drugs and pain-relievers. However, the most crucial element is regular physical training, which must not be avoided otherwise the client may become permanently disabled and need assistance. The successful treatment also in cludes repeated spa stays. The thesis also deals with the role of a nurse, who together with a professional team, including physiotherapists, ergotherapists and social workers, care for the client's needs as well as for his/her education and his/her family members' education. The nurse should emphasize the importance of regular physiotherapies and use of prescribed drugs to the patients with such diagnosis. The most crucial part of the thesis deals with compensation aids which allow the clients relieving pain when moving and which get the patients back in their common lives. The patients start to use the compensation aids, such as walking sticks, wheeled walkers, and hygienic aids with long handle, in advanced stages of the disease, when common movements are difficult and painful for them. Furthermore, I am writing about the possibility of renting or purchasing such aids. There are compensation-aid rental companies and shops which offer such aids. Another part of the thesis deals with compensation allowance, which the clients may receive from their insurance companies.It also describes changes in the patient's life and environment, which may occur after receiving the compensation aids. The major goal of the thesis is to describe the possibilities of usage of compensation aids by the Bechterew's patients. To reach that I have chosen two survey questions. The first one reveals the type of compensation aids the clients prefer using and the way how they get these. The latter question explores influence of the compensation aids to the clients' lives. The survey was done by qualitative research method. For this purpose, semistructured in-depth interview was conducted with clients who suffer from the Bechterew's disease and who use compensation aids for their everyday routines. The obtained information shows that the most used aids are those which we are typical for people with movement disorders. Mostly, the clients pay for their aids by themselves. Vouchers prescribed by doctors are only used to get the forearm crutches. The Bechterew's disease is still an incurable disease. It may have very serious consequences for the patients unless they execute regular physiothe rapy, repeated spa curative stays and use the medicaments. The thesis may be used as a source material for special brochures created for mobility-impaired clients.
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Physiotherapy for patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy - therapeutic use methods and assistive devices to delay neuromuscular spinal deformities
KUBIČKOVÁ, Karolína
In my bachelor work I look into the problems of the spinal muscular atrophy, assess both the effect of physiotherapy performed and utilization of compensation aids to control the progression of the disease. SMA presents an autosomal recessive genetic progressive disease of neuromuscular system, in the course of which muscular hypotonia, even atrophy develops. This process origins in a gradual deterioration of motoneutrons of frontal spinal corners. SMA ranks among rare hereditory diseases when both parents of the affected patient are bearers of a defective gen, although the illness doesn´t manifest in them themselves. The illness, in its medium and more advanced forms, starts usually its occurence in an early childhood. The rapidity of SMA progression differs in every individual. The patiens who suffer from this illness are mostly dependent on a wheelchair and their lifetime is substantially limited. Neither pathogenesis, nor treatment are currently known.One of major problems, which are brought by the illness, is the start of a backbone neuromuscular deformities which gradually deteriorates. A progressing scoliosis is often so significant that a surgical treatment becomes inevitable because compression of internal organs reaches such a condition that a conservative treatment is not sufficient any more. The patiens often complains of a back and hip painfulness. Viewed by physiotherapy, it seems inevitable to select a correct, individual therapy for every affected person and to recommend them suitable compensation aids. In particular, the choice of a wheelchair must be done with a proper care. Especially the quality of the sitting part and the part catering for a sufficient stability of the body, present the most important items to check while selecting a wheelchair. The importance of a proper wheelchair results from the fact that the SMA patiens spend in it most of their lifetime and that´s why the comfort of usage and the limitation of both backbone deformities and pelvis obliquities appears so important.In the theoretical part of my work I focused on the definition of SMA disease. I stated the classification of SMA and the therapy options. Next, I mentioned the physiotherapy methods, which are most often employed in therapy and compensation aids, which are inevitable for the SMA patiens and present a slowdown of the disease progression. A high quality and suitably selected compensation aid participates in a partial deceleration of occurence or progression of neuromuscular deformation of the backbone.This bachelor thesis aims at monitoring of physiothrapy application chances in SMA. It examines if the illness can be partially affected by employing physiotherapeutical methods. In addition, it deals with the availability and effectivity of compensation aids.
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Communication problems of nurses in pacients after stroke
PECKOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis "Problems in nurses´ communication with patients after cerebral vascular accident? deals with the knowledge of nurses in communication with patients with aphasia after an ictus. Right communication belongs to key points of the subsequent treatment of this disease. A cerebral vascular accident ? a stroke - can negatively affect the life of a person affected by the disease. Other negatives symptoms are provoked by acquired disorders of cognitive function. Phatic failure is of a concern in the nurse-patient communication. Patients are not usually able to express themselves properly or understand others. During their hospitalization the role of a nurse is therefore very important. Nurses should be sufficiently educated in communication and to know the specifics of this disease. Compensation aids to facilitate and improve communication with patients after a stroke should also be available and used by nurses. The objective of this thesis was to determine whether nurses follow the correct procedures in communication with patients after a stroke, and to map the most frequent communication problems between nurses and patients after a stroke. The empirical part of this study consisted of quantitative research, using an anonymous questionnaire that was designed for nurses in neurological and internal wards of the hospitals in Příbram, Písek and České Budějovice. The questionnaire contained a total of 24 questions. 107 questionnaires were distributed and the research was processed with 90 questionnaires, i.e. 84% of the original number. Three hypotheses were stated. The first hypothesis assumed that nurses know principles of good communication with patients after a stroke. This hypothesis has been confirmed. The second hypothesis assumed that nurses use aids to improve communication with patients after a stroke. This hypothesis has been confirmed. The third hypothesis assumed that nurses are interested in further upgrading skills in communicating with patients after a stroke. This hypothesis has also been confirmed. The objectives have been met on the basis of confirmed hypotheses. This bachelor thesis can serve as educational material for nurses working with patients with aphasia after a stroke.
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Nursing care and compensation aids and their usage in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis
RAZIMOVÁ, Lada
The present thesis deals with the issues related to rheumatoid arthritis, the nursing needs of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis, the roles of a nurse while taking care of such patients, the collaboration of the nurse with physiotherapist, ergotherapist, and use of compensation aids by the patients while conducting private or self-service activities. The thesis has 4 defined goals. Goal 1: To find out whether the patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis are familiar with compensation aids. Goal 2: To identify the areas of self-care where the patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis need to use the compensation aids. Goal 3: To determine the availability of compensation aids for the patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. Goal 4: To find out whether the patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis do have information about the compensation aids in hygienic care. All goals were met. Based on the goals, 4 hypotheses were defined. H 1: Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis are familiar with compensation aids. This hypothesis has been confirmed. H 2: Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis use compensation aids most often in hygienic care. This hypothesis has not been confirmed. H 3: Compensation aids for patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis are easily available. This hypothesis has been confirmed. H 4: Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis have all the necessary information about compensation aids used in hygienic care. This hypothesis has been confirmed too. The survey was carried out at rheumatology clinics and at the League against Rheumatism. The data were collected in a quantitative research using the method of interview and the technique of questionnaire. All in all, 170 questionnaires were distributed among the patients. The research group contained 131 respondents. Analyzing the respondents{\crq} answers, it was found out that the patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis are familiar with the compensation aids in hygienic care, defecating, catering, dressing, walking, and such aids are affordable and available to them. Most patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis do not need or do not use such aids. Following the outcome of the thesis and the issues related, an information leaflet came into existence and is distributed to the patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis in order to provide them with useful information or links. The leaflet distribution through rheumatology clinics seems to be very efficient. The outcome of the thesis is to give more background information to the clients of the League against Rheumatism. Subsequently, the thesis might serve as an additional material for students in nursing training.
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Problems of Non-barrier Cultural Sights from View Point of their Proprietor. On Example of Sights in South Bohemia Owned by State, Church and Individuals
JIRKŮ, Lenka
The aim of the work was to discuss the non-barrier access for disabled in the cultural sights from the point of view of the proprietor. I have compared the attitude of state, church and individual proprietors. In the theoretical part I have dealt with the integration of disabled, the classification of non-barrier sites, rehabilitation engineering (aids for non-barrier environment) and appropriate legislation. In the practical part I have described the way how the tours acceptable for disabled are made possible in the castles and monasteries in South Bohemia, identifying the differences with respect to the proprietor and publicity of non-barrier tours.
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The types of tyflopaedical and tyflopaedicaly-using aids
ZETKOVÁ, Bohumila
This thesis titled ``Types of Typhlopaedic and Typhlopaedic Usable Aids{\crqq} is focused on problems of visually impaired people. In the theoretical part of my thesis I refer to anatomy of visual apparatus, opthalmopaedia, visual handicap, causes of visual handicap, visual imperfections and eye injuries. I could not ignore institutions being concerned with visually handicapped citizens and legislation related directly to the existing problems. The title of the thesis divulges narrow focus on the sphere of usable, upgrading and supplanting aids. The survey method and technique of data collection form should answer the basic hypothesis. Due to their financial and other intensity, the efficiency of electronic aids for visually handicapped is adequate to the society position nowadays. The total number of respondents engaged on the survey is forty-eight and all come from the South Bohemia region. The target of my effort was to map percent occurrence of various types of usable typhlopaedic aids, their usage and also availability for visually handicapped in South Bohemia region. The respondents should have answered fourteen questions and two sub-questions where the first three were stratification and the rest of them referred to the potential usage of various types of typhlopaedic aids. After comparison of all the results I found out that my appointed hypothesis proved true. However, I suppose that the typhlopaedic aids allowance should be increased as their price has been still rather high. The thesis could serve as study literature for students of Health and Social Faculty and also as informing and comprehensive material for people who want to solve these problems.
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Social aspects following amputation of limbs of children and adults
HANZLÍKOVÁ, Soňa
The aim of my extended essay is to evaluate some social aspects after amputations of extremities with children and adults. The work is divided into several parts. In the first theoretical part, the attention is paid to a history of amputations and some indications for an extremity amputation. At the same time, the summary of amputation lines of upper and lower extremities is set up here as well. In this part, there is a list of some indications leading to an amputation of an extremity, too. Besides, here is some theoretical imformation on the comprehensive rehabilitation, especially on therapeutic, social and working one. Some data obtained by evaluating my own research are presented in the practical part of this extended essay. The research was carried out with a quantitative questionnaire method. After the evaluation, all three determined hypotheses were confirmed. Hypothesis No. 1: I suppose the children and adolescents do not feel being seen at a disadvantage after the amputation of an extremity, which is brought by this treatment. Hypothesis No. 2: Women come to terms with the amputation of an extremity psychically worse than men do. Hypothesis No. 3: I suppose the amputation of an upper extremity is a greater handicap than a loss of a lower one, in consideration of one's asserting at the labour market. The practical evaluation contains all the comparisons of the research results with some specialized literature, too. The main contribution of my extended essay is the summarization of the certain points at issue and the facilitation of an easier orientation in a social situation after the amputation of an extremity.
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