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Health and social issues in patients ventilated at home
FENEŠOVÁ, Lucia
An outstanding progress in pulmonary ventilation was documented recently when artificial pulmonary ventilation was introduced for home care. In-home pulmonary ventilation is meant for patients who suffer from serious progressive diseases. In most cases, such state is irreversible and obstructs patient`s ability to breathe consciously. Those patients benefit a lot from the newly introduced ventilation. It helps them live a regular life in natural background for a few more years. The target of the thesis was to identify the most frequent health and social issues in patients ventilated at home; to determine advantages of home care and possible risks in ventilated patients; and to elaborate a nursing standard to be followed when taking care of ventilated patients at their homes. The qualitative research was carried out by means of two half-structured interviews. One interview was made with 5 pre-selected nurses working for a home-care agency; the other interview was made in the same agency with 5 patients on artificial pulmonary ventilation that are looked after by the same agency. The outcome of the interviews is that the most frequent health problem in ventilated patients reported both by patients and nurses is obstruction of tracheostomic cannula. Another finding was that ventilated patients do not feel socially isolated which is in total contradiction to what the nurses claimed. The interviews taken with the patients showed that in-home care benefits mainly from the fact that the patients are at home, and the risk of receiving home care is that such care is dependant basically on one person and is time consuming. The objectives of the thesis have been met. The outcomes of the research will be made available to the company named Home health-care services Eva Šafránková, which was the venue of the research. The nursing standard can be used as a source of additional information for ventilated patients and to improve care provided to patients ventilated at their homes. It is recommended that nurses should further educate themselves in pulmonary ventilation. Training seems to be an appropriate solution in this case. Nurses would certainly also benefit from a visit to a place providing artificial pulmonary ventilation. Another recommendation is to carry out a follow-up research that would observe advantages of artificial pulmonary ventilation provided at home compared with benefits of artificial pulmonary ventilation provided in health care centres.
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Seniors' defination of the term "dignity"
CHUMLENOVÁ, Martina
My baccalaureate work deals with the interpretation and understanding of the concept of ``dignity{\crqq} by senior citizens. My research is focussed on the elderly living in homes for the aged. The objective of my work consists in monitoring the current evaluation of the above mentioned concept by senior citizens living in the Seniors Home Hvízdal and in the Seniors Home Máj, both based in České Budějovice, Czech Republic. The theoretical section of my work deals with the basic concepts related to old age, i. g. the biological and social, the psychological and spiritual aspects of old age. The issues of retirement planning, the concept of ageism, the relationship between a senior citizen and his or her family as well as between a senior citizen and society are discussed here. The theoretical section is also concerned with social care for the elderly, namely with homes for the aged, both in the general perspective and as related to the two aforementioned Homes for Senior Citizens Hvízdal and Máj. The last theoretical section includes the determination of the concept of human dignity and official documents related to human dignity protection. The practical section of my work is based on two hypotheses. Two working hypotheses have been outlined, both of which have been tested under the use of controlled questionnaires in both social care institutions. It has not been proved that the elderly living in these homes for senior citizens would evaluate the treatment of the staff as being in conflict with the clients´ dignity. The second hypothesis that most seniors do not know what the concept of ``dignity{\crqq} includes and represents has not been proved either. The research as outlined in the Abstract has served both for the purposes of my baccalaureate work and for the internal purposes and needs of the Seniors Home Hvízdal and the Seniors Home Máj.
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Přemysl Pitter - The Life for Others. Ethical-social Aspects of Historical Profiling his Life and Work
KOCMICHOVÁ, Jaroslava
The work deals with the life and work of Přemysl Pitter, major Czech Christian humanist, representativ of the social learning, education and journalism in the 20th - 70s of the twentieth century. Introductory chapters are devoted to his childhood and youth, especially his personal reflection of the suffering experienced at the frontline on the 1st World War, which influenced his future life guidance and practical activities. Other parts of the document is characterized Pitter{\crq}s destiny and social work for others - the poor, downtrodden, necessary - in the context of the radical social and political changes in the last century. Here is a somewhat more comprehensive text on the history of the fight to save children from a concentration camps and detention camps, after World War II, ie between 1945 - 1947. The last section describes the life and operation of Přemysl Pitter after retirement emigration in 1951, when the World Council of Churches delegated the duty of pastoral and social services for refugees in the camp Valka in Nuremberg in Germany until its repeal in 1962. The final chapter describes the staying and creative activity Pitter{\crq}s exile in Switzerland in the 60s and 70s. The work includes a brief summary of the contents of archival material and archives of Přemysl Pitter and Olga Fierzová in PMJAK in Prague.
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The population age structure of South Bohemia and the concept of social care for older people
BARTKOVÁ, Veronika
The present work deals with the population age structure of South Bohemia in the years 1991 to 2007, with main focus on people over 65 years. In the introduction deals with the objectives and assumptions of work, literature searching and processing methodology. Other chapters deal with the analysis of population age structure and analysis of current capacity in social care for older people, specifically in homes for the elderly. It will identify areas with higher rates of the elderly population. The central part of the work is its own projection of population development of the South Bohemian Region and its districts until 2057, focusing on older people. The last chapter is devoted to forecast capacity needs of care facilities for older people in the medium term. Work is completed on the cartographic output, tables and graphs.
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Models of Diaconal Service in Selected Religious Associations in the Czech Republic
KOCIÁN, Aleš
Take care of the membership's spiritual condition and social background of whichever religious association, in whatever place in the World, should be absolutely natural and automatic matter. Reality, that this activity could be different not only among churches and religious associations, but sometimes it differs also inside of the very church itself, is as clear as day. In this bachelor{\crq}s work are collected observations of diaconal / pastoral practices in selected religious associations in the Czech Republic. Last two chapters give a summary of collected results and exerts to imply which way could be possible to apply it in the common practice.
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Potřeba sociální péče a pracovní schopnost u pacientů po kardiochirurgickém výkonu
ŠVADLENKOVÁ, Andrea
Abstract The intention of this Bachelor{\crq}s Degree thesis is to evaluate the social care needs and work capabilities of patients before and after cardio surgical procedures over a period of a half a year. The work is divided into two main parts. The theoretical part describes the clinical manifestations of heart disease and cardio surgical procedures, as well as the forms of social care provided in the Czech Republic. The practical part of the work presents the results from questionnaires. The research is elaborated from various perspectives such as health, social and economic and also takes into consideration the age of patients and efficiency of the heart. Individual factors influencing the patients{\crq} quality of life before and after heart surgery were weighed. In particular this concerns the overall health condition, self-sufficiency and the subsequent use of social care offered by the state{\crq}s social security system. One of the goals was to determine whether economically active patients returned to work a half year after undergoing the operation. Data was collected by means of surveys, standardized interviews and anonymous questionnaires. More detailed information was then acquired by means of secondary analysis of the medical files of patients. On the basis of research results it was determined that the need for social care for patients following cardio surgical procedures is low. The research also showed that the majority of patients who were working before their operations return to work after half a year. There is also a decline in the difficulties that limited physical exertion and patients reported an overall improvement in their work capabilities. This thesis will serve as feedback for cardio surgical departments. It should improve the comprehensive approach in the care of patients after heart surgery and lead to the promotion of the practice of supplementing the provision of health care with social care. I recommend the use of experienced social care coordinators at individual hospitals, improving the availability of information and motivating and leading people toward active interest in their own social situation. At the same time it is also important to educate patients about the therapeutic regime and strengthening the role of comprehensive rehabilitation.
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Addressing the Problem of the Accessibility and Financing of Institutional Social Care in Connection with the Anticipated Growth in the Post-Productive Population in the Czech Republic
NOVÁKOVÁ, Eva
According to projections from the Czech Statistical Office there will be a significant change in the structure of the population in the Czech Republic in coming years. It is estimated that the share of individuals over 65 years of age will increase by more than 50% by 2025 and by an additional 30% between 2025 and 2050. The aging of the population will be accompanied by a significant increase in the need for social services, especially for individuals over the age of 80, as these make up the majority of clients of in-house social care services. While the Czech Republic is one of the countries with the highest number of residential social care facilities, with respect to demographic development the number of these facilities is insufficient. The de-institutionalization of social care services is an emerging trend that involves efforts to provide maximum social care in the natural home environment of clients; the services provided are focussed on maintaining the standard way of life for clients through the provision of field and outpatient social care. The selected topic captured my interest for two reasons: its topicality and the lack of awareness among the general population, and the need for the expansion of social services due to the growing number of elderly. The aim of the work, with regard to anticipated demographic development, is to draw attention to the issue of accessibility and financing care for seniors who have lost self-sufficiency. I chose quantitative research utilizing the survey method and data analysis for the practical part of the work. The study group is composed of 310 respondents from the areas of Prague, České Budejovice and Trutnov. The data for analysis was taken from Czech Statistic Office data from 2007 for the Prague, South Bohemian and Hradec Králové regions. While the research did not support all of the established hypotheses, the designated goals of the work were fulfilled. This work can be used in professional literature and lectures, and could become the subject of a grant program that would serve to raise awareness among the general population and help spread this research to additional regions.
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Caring for Senior Citizens with Dementia
PRŮCHA, Vlastimil
The thesis deals with the manifestation and results of aging and old age from the point of view of the elderly and their experience of this stage of life and also from the viewpoint of the family and society around them. Further attention is drawn to the importance of the connection of health and social care for citizens with health problems, and the significance of social work in caring for senior citizens is emphasised. Other parts deal with the notion of dementia, with particular focus on Alzheimer{\crq}s disease. Basic problems are outlined which are connected with a citizen dealing with dementia and information is given which can help the family and all those who are involved in helping the patient. In the conclusion I evaluate the significance of permanent care and I consider the needs of non-institutional care and emphasise the importance of a caring family, humanity and understanding, which are important for the quality of life of those with dementia. This is the aim of my thesis.
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Helping hand in crossing over
LASCHOVÁ, Daniela
The thesis deals with palliative and hospice care. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part there are provided with basic information about palliative care, it describes aspects of palliative care in terms of spiritual, social, psychological and physical. There are also recorded information on facilities that provide palliative care, their characteristic, mission and goals. The thesis is also reported on problems of dying, suffering and death. The work also records a pastoral and social care about dying seniors, a description of a multidisciplinary team of hospice care. The practikal part of the thesis is reported on a detection rate of awareness of palliative and hospice care at the clients of caritas Týn nad Vltavou. Next the research found out the respondents opinion of dignified dying in a domestic care
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The current situation of Social Services, comparation with the legal adjustment after January 1,2007.
SERBUSOVÁ, Martina
{\clqq}Everyone is equal before the law{\crqq} which applies also for the field of social services since 1st January 2007 because after many years of preparatory stages Act n. 108/2006 Sb. On Social Services entered in force. This act having been passed means a break through moment for social workers, social services providers as well as for the citizens and beneficiaries of social benefits and services. The paper is divided in a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part I dealt with the development of social services, introduction of the new Act n. 108/2006 Sb. On Social Services into our social system and I compared the allowance for attendance of a next of kin or other person according to Act n. 100/1998 Sb. On Social Welfare and the attendance allowance according to Act n. 108/2006 Sb. On Social Services. In the practical part I concentrated solely on the attendance allowance since, according to my point of view, this is the greatest change the new Act On Social Services brought about and it plays a very important part in this field. The research was carried out using the questionnaire research method. The questionnaire was filled out by social workers employed in the attendance allowance department at local authorities of communities with extended powers in South Bohemia. 57 questionnaires were handed out, 48 of which were in total used for the paper. Graphs were used to evaluate the research part. The goal of the paper was the assessment using the SWOT analysis of the allowance for attendance of a next of kin or other person according to Act n. 100/1998 Sb. On Social Welfare and the attendance allowance according to Act n. 108/2006 Sb. On Social Services. Regarding this goal the following hypothesis was set: Social workers consider the attendance allowance according to Act n. 108/2006 Sb. On Social Services offering more strong points and more opportunities than the allowance for attendance of a next of kin or other person according to Act n. 100/1998 Sb. On Social Welfare. Results of the carried out research confirm this hypothesis. In spite of other problems that are to be dealt with in connection with this Act, we can presume that the introduction of the attendance allowance into the system of social services was and shall be the right step.
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