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Possibilities of prevention of occupational damage to musculosceletal system of physiotherapists
LEŠÁKOVÁ, Jana
This work has dealt with possibilities to prevent the locomotive system?s damages suffered by professional physiotherapists. The goal of this work is to map the demands of the physiotherapist?s job and to propose preventive measures preventing locomotive system?s damages suffered by professional physiotherapists. Another goal of this work is to find out the actual state of the locomotive system of the chosen group of physiotherapists and to collect information relating to their ways of prevention and their care for their own musculoskeletal system. The work contains the theoretical and the practical parts. The physiotherapy has been defined in the theoretical part, two most frequent damages of the physiotherapists? locomotive system have been analysed, and possibilities of prevention have been described there. The practical part contains the quantitative pre-research and the qualitative research. The qualitative pre-research is based on findings and frank answers by physiotherapists from different health-care facilities (hospitals, health resorts, rest homes, rehabilitation centres), located mostly in the region South Bohemia. The quantitative pre-research was realised with questionnaires asking eleven questions. The qualitative research consists in inquiring of two physiotherapists. A conclusion has been drawn from the realised anamnesis, a kinesiologic analysis, and observations made during the physiotherapist?s work. Preventive measures have been suggested that could prevent the development of locomotive system?s damages. It is the secondary prevention in most cases. Further information was collected in Finland, in the town Rovaniemi during the student exchange. The stay in Finland enabled to compare preventive approaches relating to ergonomics and other risk factors during the physiotherapist?s work in Scandinavia and in the Czech Republic. It was concluded from the research that professional physiotherapists know the hazard relating to locomotive system?s damages. They also know prevention possibilities; however, not everybody of them has applied them adequately during his/her practice. This work can motivate all physiotherapists to think about results of practising physiotherapy for a long time and to improve measures preventing damages of their own locomotive system.
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BASAL STIMULATION IN A COMPREHENSIVE REHABILITATION
SOUKUPOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis deals with the system of comprehensive rehabilitation and specifying its importance for physiotherapy. The theoretical part describes the system of comprehensive rehabilitation. It also focuses on the concept of basal stimulation, introduction of its origin, its current state in the Czech Republic and abroad, its nature, idea, general principles and its place in the system of comprehensive rehabilitation. Then the subject of interest of this concept is characterized, which is to promote the perception, mobility and communication of the client. When describing the elements of basal stimulation, those techniques are emphasised which, according to the obtained information and documents, might be used in physiotherapy. A separate chapter is devoted to physiotherapy for selected diagnosis, in which the basal stimulation is applied. Principles, procedures and applied concepts and methods are briefly summarised here. The practical part describes the process of research carried out in the day care centre Arpida o.s. in České Budějovice. The aim and the objective at the same time were to describe basal stimulation as the concept of comprehensive rehabilitation and to specify its importance for subsequent physiotherapy. This was done by qualitative research and created case studies of individual respondents, when information were taken from recorded medical history, biographical history, kinesiological analysis, evaluation of spasticity and examination of respiratory stereotype. Also information from the area of basal stimulation in the day care centre and information about the progress of physiotherapy were obtained. Subsequently the basal stimulation techniques were interconnected with the physiotherapeutic methods and concepts and the results were thoroughly recorded and evaluated. The results confirmed the positive influence of this scientific pedagogical ? nursing concept and the appropriateness of combination of its techniques with physiotherapy.
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Physiotherapy after Achilles tendo injuries
HERCOGOVÁ, Eva
At the present time there are more and more injuries of the Achilles tendon. We meet with varied opinions of the therapy which has connections with the injury status of the Achilles tendon. The task of this work is to find out the effect of two different physical therapy plans on the physical condition of patients. It follows the existence of differences in the total therapeutic length. It deals with the question of the application of the unit therapeutic plan for all the patients with the Achilles tendon injury. The synthesis of observations of Achilles tendon problems is the first aim of this work. The theoretical part of this work focuses on the synthesis of observations of Achilles tendon problems as well. The work defines different Achilles tendon injuries. The Achilles tendon rupture is described in detail. The pieces of knowledge about anatomy, investigation, diagnostic processes and possibilities of treatment which are mainly from physical therapy point of view are summarized. Complications, prognosis and prevention are mentioned in this work. The other aim of this work is to draw two different therapeutic plans of the homogeneous complex of two probands. The practical part of the work focuses on making varied therapeutic plans of the homogeneous complex of two probands since the time of removing the plaster bandage. The methodology of the qualitative research with techniques of the anamnestic conversation, observation and application of therapeutic plans withing the frame of two cases history one of which is total with the submission of physical therapy methods, concepts and physiatrics is mentioned and used. The other therapeutic plan misses physiatrics because not every rehabilitative places of work have the possibility to use the combined therapy. The results were evaluated by comparing of two output kinesiology analyses of the homogeneous complex of two probands. Both used therapeutic plans have positive effect in reference to motivation to a patient to another therapy, improving quantity of motion of ankle joint and increasing of muscular force. It is not possible to make the unified therapeutic plan for every patients with the Achilles tendon injury. It is necessary to follow the individualization which continues the detailed input checkup. It is also more profitable to include the complex physical therapy plan to the rehabilitaion.
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Possibilities of Physiotherapy in paraplegic athletes, floorball players
KAŠTÁNKOVÁ, Marta
In recent decades a care of people with spinal cord lesions has changed dramatically. A current available literature points to the fact that the quality of life, whether in physical, mental or health level achieved an improvement. The physical activity for people in a chronic phase of the spinal cord injury is a key issue that contributes to maintaining an optimal health condition. Atypical movement stereotype resulting from the movement on the wheel-chair conduces to a possible overload of the body structures and subsequent health problems. These difficulties then may limit people with special needs in the movement, work as well as self-sufficiency. An aim of a theoretical part of the thesis was to identify existing knowledge on the impact of the physical activity on the state of paraplegics, on possible health problems resulting from the overloading and what physiotherapeutic methods could affect these issues. An aim of a practical part was an application of theoretical procedures into practice in a treatment of three sporting paraplegics. In the practical part there was conducted a qualitative research at three randomly selected people, floorball players. Men aged between 24 to 29 years with the paraplegia with a height of the lesion of Th8 - Th11. An observation of the patients was carried out for five weeks. Then a kinesiology analysis and three case-studies were conducted. After it a subjective opinion on the impact of sport on the musculoskeletal system and mental state was investigated by an interviewing technique with a specific question. Difficulties with a shoulder joint were identified at all three monitored individuals. Individually assembled and guided therapy led to the improvement of the shoulder girdle function at all three persons, to a an overall improvement of the sitting posture on the wheel-chair, to a treatment of the muscle imbalances and to an alleviation of the spine pain. The interview results showed that a regular sporting activity had a positive impact on the patients´ mental status. However, it negatively affected them by increasing demands on the whole musculoskeletal system.
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POSSIBILITIES OF USING THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING, DISABILITY AND HEALTH IN PHYSIOTHERAPY
DRÁBOVÁ, Zuzana
At present, when an international communication across health systems is quite common, there is a growing need to establish a common language which could be used for an expert´s communications from different countries and disciplines. A uniform language for encoding a wide range of information is provided by classifications that belong to a Family of International Classifications of World Health Organization (WHO-FIC). International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) was officially approved in 2001 and it forms and a conceptual framework for describing the disability. In the Czech Republic the Communication No. 431/2009 Coll. came into effect from 1 July 2010; it introduces ICF classification into a clinical practice. The physiotherapy is a part of the comprehensive rehabilitation system and people with the disability form a target group of patients for this field of specialization. We use many specific methods to examine motion systems and all his parts, the most of them are subjective. Still, we must find a way how to code the information obtained during the examination under a single scheme and the universal language given by ICF. This thesis demonstrate an importance of ICF classification and it could be a suggestion how to use the classification for an evaluation of the patient´s functional status by selected examination methods in an everyday practice of physiotherapists.
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Physiotherapy in radicular syndromes of lower limbs
TATEROVÁ, Tereza
The subject of the baccalaureate thesis is radicular syndromes physiotherapy at lower extremities. It is a disorder that forms because of spinal radix comression and it happens for different reasons. The disorder has a typical localization of clinical symptoms according to the affected nerve radix. Dorsodynia and shooting pain into accessory limb that relates to hypokinesia is typical. The objective of the first part of thesis was to make an educational material about problems around radicular syndromes at lower extremities. In the theoretical part, information from the anatomy area, epidemiology and disorder etiology are presented, also clinical symptoms, examination procedures and possibilities of therapy, especially physiotherapy are included. The aim of the research part was to evaluate the effects of therapy from the view of the subjective patient's feelings. The survey mainly includes changes of hurtfulness, agility and sensation after the completion of therapy. In the applied part of the thesis a qualitative research strategy is used. As for the factual techniques, observation, discussion, special examination methods and, secondarily, data analysis, were used. The research took place at ambulatory physiotherapy ward at Milevsko health centre. In the file, there are results of two patients who were tested and the results are processed in the form of semiographies. They include clinical history, entry kinesiology analysis, therapy description, output kinesiology analysis and concluding assessment. At both cases both patients felt the pain reduced, agility was better and they were instructed. The thesis can be used as a source of information for general public and for other students.
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Verification of Special Exercises in the Physiotherapy Facilities in Jihlava
POLÁK, Ondřej
Back pain is one of the most common health problems in the world. The main focus of this thesis is specific exercises and treatment techniques to treat back pain. The first part describes the musculoskeletal system, muscle function, treatment techniques and exercises to treat back pain with the help of physiotherapy. Three physiotherapy and rehabilitation facilities in Jihlava, together with their clients with back pain, were chosen for this research. The main focus was the joint range mobility measurements, treating muscle dysbalances and providing clients specific exercises to stretch, to relax and improve their physical mobility in specific areas. The mobility measurements were done in two phases: during entrance and exit visits and the task was to identify how the specific exercises and treatment techniques relieve muscle dysbalances and back pain.
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The Importance of Physiotherapy in the Puerperal Period of the Woman
PAVLOVÁ, Lenka
The theme of this thesis is The importance of physiotherapy in the puerperal period in women. As far as pregnancy is concerned, not only is available excellent health care important for women, but there are a large number of organizations that provide advisory services, exercises for pregnant women, and antenatal education for mothers-to-be. Unfortunately, this care usually ends soon after childbirth and women in puerperium, who go through many physical and mental changes, are not given such attention. It is precisely in this period that women deserve some interest in their health status. In the field of physiotherapy, they should be given sufficient information about the changes undergoing in their organisms, about the effects and principles of exercises after childbirth, about the suitability of positioning and about other issues with which women who have just given birth meet. The objective of the thesis was to study the physical changes in women after childbirth, to develop a plan for rehabilitation exercises, and to explore whether individual therapy has a positive impact on the status of the mother. The theoretical part deals with the composition of the birth canal, physiological changes during pregnancy, childbirth problems, childbirth injuries, involutionary changes in the organism during puerperium, and appropriate physiotherapeutic methods. The experimental part is devoted to qualitative research where the following methods were used: history, status praesens, direct monitoring, exit examinations, case studies and a secondary data analysis. The research was conducted in two patients after physiological childbirth and in one patient after Caesarean section. These patients were selected from a basic sample of patients at a gynaecology and obstetrics department. The results of the thesis identified some positive effects of after-childbirth physiotherapy on the carriage of body, breathing stereotype, deep stabilization system and the adjustment of the most prominent muscle imbalances. The objectives of the thesis were met. The new findings, which this work has brought, undoubtedly include pointing out the importance of physiotherapy during this period, impossibility to standardize such care due to personhood of each woman, and the importance attention given to the woman?s body as a whole after childbirth because to care for only its most visibly affected parts is not enough.
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Prevention and Rehabilitation of Overloading the Connective Tissue of Lower Limbs of Ice-Hockey Goalkeepers
BEDNAŘÍK, Karel
This bachelor thesis addresses the issue of compensatory exercises as a full-value part of the training of ice-hockey goalkeepers within the scope of prevention and rehabilitation of injuries caused by a one-sided load and overloading of lower limb tissues. The first objective of the thesis was to ascertain the situation concerning the inclusion of compensatory and relaxation procedures in the training of young and adult ice-hockey goalkeepers. The second objective was to propose suitable compensatory exercises and to prove their effect on the organism. The basic strategy of the bachelor thesis was a combination of quantitative and qualitative research. When collecting the data, I used the method of structured questionnaires with open-ended and closed-ended questions, structured interviews, observation methods and special physiotherapeutic examination. I used the clinical examination methods of aspection, palpation, myodynamia measurement, goniometry and other physiotherapeutic methods. The obtained data have been summarized in tables. The tested set was created by selection when the clients had to fulfil the following requirements: - the client is an ice-hockey player at the top or high level - the client is a goalkeeper - the clients are from various age groups and various ice-hockey clubs In order to attain the first objective of the thesis, I selected a group of nine respondents from nine ice-hockey clubs associated in the Czech Ice Hockey Association (ČSLH) and foreign ice-hockey clubs. In order to attain the second objective, I selected a group of six clients which underwent a 3-month research ended with the comparison of the entry and final examinations. Based on these results, I graphically represented the effect and potential of compensatory exercises as a suitable and integral part of the training process. The results have shown that relaxation and compensatory methods are very often marginalized in the training and preparation of ice-hockey goalkeepers, although these methods may prevent one-sided overload, subsequent problems and injuries of lower limb tissues. The thesis proves that although the negative consequences of one-sided overloading are known, their compensation and remedy do not enjoy sufficient attention and no or few compensatory mechanisms are utilized in practice. Nevertheless, it is absolutely obvious from the thesis results that that compensatory and relaxation methods have a very positive effect on the problems caused by a one-sided load, both in preventive and rehabilitation terms.
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The influence of physiotherapy on improving general state of patients suffering from Multiple sclerosis
ČERVINSKÁ, Klára
The bachelor thesis summarizes present knowledge of the disease Multiple sclerosis and its ways of treatment. The aim of the thesis, is to build up a suitable complex physiotherapeutical treatment, which would have a positive effect on a general state of patients suffering from MS. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part is devoted to etiopathogenesis, symptoms of the illness, diagnostics, pharmacological therapy and the importace of rehabilitation treatment. The second experiential part contains a case study of two patients suffering from different forms of the illness. It describes their present health state, the course of the rehabilitation treatment and its evaluation. Furthermore performed examinations, medical history and a suggestion of a longterm rehabilitation treatment are also presented in this part. The research took place in the Multiple Sclerosis centre in Prague. The effect of the physical therapy was evaluated by measurement of physical condition and a kinesiological analysis. The thesis also involves a questionnaire in which the patients evaluate influence of physiotehrapy on their general state from their point of view. Rehabilitation has an effect on the state of patients particularly in correction of posture, breath stereotype and affecting balance. Physiotherapy helps the patients to influence some of the symptoms of the disease and therefore improve everyday-life activities. However the effect is only shortlasting. Consequently it is necessary to exercise on a long term basis and to adapt the therapy according to the progressive character of the disease.
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