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International involvement in the peacebuilding process on Sri Lanka
Mojžíš, Michal ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee)
The final months of Sri Lankan civil war, the 26 year military campaign between the Government of Sri Lanka and the insurgent separatist organization Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, are marked by allegations of war crimes committed by both parties of the conflict, including attacks on civilians, summary executions of prisoners, enforced disappearances, restrictions on humanitarian assistance and recruitment of children. Since the attempts to put the Sri Lankan issue on the agenda of the United Nations Security Council failed on the unwillingness of China and Russia, the UN bodies in Geneva have taken a leading role in promoting the peacebuilding process on the island. The thesis aims to analyse the impact of the Geneva-based human rights bodies, in particular of the United Nations Human Rights Council, on the process of reconciliation in Sri Lanka, for which is crucial that the alleged violations of human rights in the last months of the civil war would be properly investigated and that the perpetrators would be held accountable. In order to put the activity of the UN Human Rights Council into broader context, the paper will examine the political development in Sri Lanka since the end of the civil war in 2009 as well as the failed efforts of Sri Lankan governments to launch the process of reconciliation.
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Petition and judgment (their interrelation)
Balaš, Matej ; Zoulík, František (advisor) ; Smolík, Petr (referee)
57 7 Summary Action and judgment (mutual relation) I have chosen this topic for my Master's degree thesis, because I am interested in civil law, especially in a civil litigation. In my thesis I tried to explain institutes of both law action and judgment and of course the mutual relation between them. Civil procedure is a procedure carried out by state courts as judicial bodies of power. Civil process takes place before the courts, which decide disputes and other legal matters arising from civil, labor, family and business relationships. People are requesting the protection of their endangered or broken rights by bringing an action. Person who brings an action we call the suitor and person against whom the dispute is called defendant. Both these parties are given the same procedural rights and obligations, therefore, in the proceeding they are equal. Finally, the dispute is decided by a court from a position of an independent third party. Judgment is a form of judicial decision, which terminates the proceedings and resolve the dispute. Only the court is entitled to make judgments and decide authoritatively on the rights and obligations between the suitor and defendant. Court makes an response to suitors request for protection of his rights. Court is bound by action, and may depart from it only in specific...
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Christianity freedom - concept and problems of acknowledgement in canon law
Kolářová, Marie ; Hrdina, Antonín (advisor) ; Kašný, Jiří (referee) ; Šprunk, Karel (referee)
Christianity freedom - concept and problems of acknowledgement in canon law Key words: Theory and Philosophy of Law, Concept of Law, Freedom of a Christian, Morality, Rights of Catholics First part: The concept of freedom that is within philosophy and law theory understood in different meanings - distinction among transcendental freedom, freedom of choice and freedom in Christ. Second part: The concept of law; the relationship between law and values. The nature of canon law; is canon law a juridical or a theological science? School of thought in the contemporary debate about the nature of canon law. Law is one aspect of a complex social reality. I Third part: The nature of the Church; the visible and the invisible church. The renewed theological vision of the nature of the Church. The place of law in the Church. Two distinct ecclesiologies: one of the Church as sacrament and communion, the other of a juridicalIy organized perfect society. Fourth part: The close relationship of law norms and moral norms in the juristic regulation of the Church. The distinction between to conduct according moral and law norms. Framework of morality. Moral norms encourages persons to be virtuous. Fifth part: The fundamental human rights are .inseparably interconnected in the very person. The fundamental human rights...
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Right of Nations to Self-Determination: Catalonia
Sleziaková, Zuzana ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Šklebená, Karolína (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the right of nations to self-determination on the example of Spain's autonomous region of Catalonia, which has been showing increasing separatist tendencies over the past few years. The first part presents the evolution of the right of nations to self-determination and discusses the ultimate subject of this right. For that matter, the thesis distinguishes between the terms state, nation, nationality, ethnic group and national minority. The thesis also defines the contents of the right of nations to self-determination and differentiates between its internal and external aspect. Second part of the thesis elaborates on the identity of the Catalan population with regards to the common characteristics of nations, as defined in Chapter 1. The final part contemplates about the admissibility of Catalonia's secession from Spain as an expression of its external self-determination and its potential implications for both Catalonia and the international community.
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The course of execution proceedings
Jelínková, Petra ; Žák, Květoslav (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
The thesis deals with a very actual issue of execution, from the beginning to the end of proceedings, which monitors and analyzes each individual stage. Discusses the legal rules execution, execution modes, specifies the notion of the party and also addresses every single stage of the execution proceedings separately and in detail. It also deals with the rights of debtors and the frequent problems associated with the course of the execution proceedings, and shows the real life situation from the perspective of a party, whether in the role of the debtor himself, debtor spouse or roommate. The aim is to clarify the basic rights of debtor during the execution proceedings and demarcate negotiations of executors. Furthermore, my goal is to evaluate the current legal status of execution proceedings under the Enforcement Regulations, focusing in particular on its shortcomings and difficulties and also to ascertain whether the rights of debtors are sufficient. The motivation for the treatment of this issue for me is the large media coverage of the topic, his ignorance of the citizens and also a major financial illiteracy of the nation, which each year brings more problems to individuals and families.
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Tenancy spouses and use of the flat spouses in a new arrangement after January 1, 2014
Prantlová, Soňa ; Kadlecová, Eva (advisor) ; Pavla, Pavla (referee)
The thesis is devoted to the topic of tenancy by the spouses, and its use as is specified in the new adaptation of the Civil Code no. 89/2012 Coll. It replaced until functioning Civil Code from the year 1964. The new legislation is specified series of new institutes, whose primary aim is to protect the weaker party, in the case of tenant. The diploma thesis was divided into theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part, was attention paid to basic concepts which have been defined. There were characterized rights of tenant and landlord, analyzed housing legislation according to the new Civil Code. The practical part was devoted to the interpretation of survey results. There were approached tenants of several apartment buildings in Kralupy nad Vltavou. Based on the findings, were designed some recommendations to raise awareness about the rights and responsibilities of tenants, as well as about the whole issue of housing legally.
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The opinion of the general public regarding the raising of children by homosexual couples
CIPÍNOVÁ, Veronika
The thesis deals with the opinion of the general public on children upbringing by homosexual couples. I chose the topic as it is interesting and up-to-date. The main goal of the thesis was to find out the opinion of the general public on children upbringing by homosexual couples and a partial aim focused on finding out which gender is more tolerant to these problems. The theoretical part of the thesis is aimed at characterizing the basic terms related to homosexuality and homosexual cohabitation. A substantial part is dedicated to Act No. 115/2006 Col. on registered partnership, where I focus on the rights and obligations of partners, maintenance obligation and parental responsibility of the pair for a child. This part also deals with family, homoparental family and children upbringing in homoparental families, where I mention the reasons for and against children upbringing in such families. Last but not least I deal with the possibilities of homosexuals to become parents. The practical part includes a research, which was performed by means of questionnaires distributed to the general public. I asked the respondents about their awareness of Act No. 115/2006 Col. on registered partnership. I tried to find out whether the respondents were aware of the act, whether they agreed with children upbringing in homoparental families and if they could imagine growing up in such a family. I was also interested in respondents? opinion on assisted reproduction in lesbian women and their approach to children upbringing by homosexual couples. Most of the respondents agree in the questions related to children upbringing by homosexual couples.
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