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Cell culture-based model for the evaluation of adhesive properties of probiotic bacteria
Theodorou, Vasiliki ; Havlík, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Tauchen, Jan (referee)
Probiotic microorganisms, defined as living microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit to the host, and their adhesion and colonization of intestinal epithelium, are critical factors in maintaining probiotic efficacy. Polyphenols are a large and heterogeneous group of phytochemicals in plant-based foods, such as tea, coffee, wine, cocoa, cereal grains, soy, fruits and berries. In the last decade, there has been much interest in the health benefits of dietary plant polyphenols that arise from their potential ability to promote adhesion of probiotic bacteria to the human intestinal epithelium.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of four polyphenols: isoquercetrin, phloretin, procyanidin B2 and rutin on the adhesion ability of two potentially probiotic strains (Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus gasseri) to in vitro human intestinal epithelial model consisting of Caco-2 and mucus-secreting HT29-MTX co-culture.
The adhesion of Lactobacillus casei after treating the co-culture cell lines with isoquercetrin, phloretin, and rutin was increased by 49.76, 72.97, 63.66 % respectively, whereas procyanidin B2 inhibited the adhesion 20.25% compared with the control sample. The adhesion of Lactobacillus gasseri after treatment of the co-culture with isoquercetrin, phloretin, procyanidin B2 and rutin was increased by 35.45, 31.28, 45.69, 25.01 % respectively compared with the control sample.
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Resistance of cole vegetable cultivars against Plasmodiophora brassicae pathotypes in Czech Republic
Zacharová, Lea ; Kazda, Jan (advisor) ; Gerhard, Gerhard (referee)
Clubroot disease of crucifer plants is caused by a pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae (Wor.). It is counted among the most common and most serious diseases that attack not only rape, but also, for example, head cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli and other kinds of cabbage vegetables.
Plasmodiophora brassicae is descirebed as a very durable and well-developed body in this thesis. Physical, chemical and biological components of the soil environment are in the thesis associated with an effect on survival, growth and reproduction of this microbe. Obviously, Plasmodiophora's brassicae successfulness is given due to its resting spores and because of them the microbe is able to survive in a soil for years.
The experimental part of my thesis is focused on a testing of resistance of selected cultivars against Plasmodiophora brassicae. Each variety were grown under the control within conditions in the greenhouse. To evaluate the degree of a damage of the plants scale of Buzacki (1975), Strelkov et al. (2007) were applied, the index of an invasion was calculated based on these scales.
Cultivars were exposed to a pathotype 6 and as a control variety was used the cultivar Granaat. The results had shown the most susceptible respond of a cultivar red cabbage F1 Loder and other varieties tested had confirmed their resistance to Plasmodiophora brassicae.
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Plant microclimate control
Jelínek, Jan ; Neděla, René (advisor) ; Papežová, Stanislava (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses the management of a microclimate environment inside an
enclosed box. The aim of the work is to propose and implement a program for the
automized control of the microclimate. Microclimate management is ensured by a PLC
(Programmable Logic Controller) system utilizing the program Mosaic. Radishes
(Raphanous sativus L.) were chosen as the test plant. Optimal microclimate conditions for
the chosen test plant were achieved by programming the management system. The system
is easily adaptable, meaning endless different species of plants can be grown properly.
Healthy plant growth indicates the correct parameters of the microclimate.
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Gas exchange characteristics in relation to genotypes in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) under water stress
Helebrantová, Aneta ; Hnilička, František (advisor) ; Pazderů, Kateřina (referee)
The bachelors dissertation was compiled on theme of: Gas exchange characteristics in relation to genotypes in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) under water stress.
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is, similarly as the others leaf vegetables, difficult crop in terms of providing the sufficient level of moisture, therefore the attention is drawn to the varieties of spinach which are resistant to the water stress. Thus the target of cultivation is to find plant which will be resistance to influence of the water stress.
In climabox of department of botanics and physiology was founded experiment with three species of spinach: Misano F1, Monores a Matador. The temperature mode was set to 21 °C during the day and 17 °C during the night. The light mode was set to 16 hours of light and 8 hours of dark per day. Maximum light level in climabox was 800 micromole. The plants were cultivated in 4 recurrences, diagram of experiment is involving two variants: control and stress. The plants in control variant were cultivated in substrate, which was irrigated during the whole time of experiment by 250 ml of water. For the plants in stress variant the supply of water was suspended for 10 days and the substrate was naturally continuously dehydrating. After 10 days the water supply was restored (rehydration) for plants in stress variant, same as level of control variant. The observation was made for the speed of gas exchange (photosynthesis and transpiration) in two-day interval. The speed of gas exchange was measured on leaf area with infrared gasometric gas analyzer Lpro+ (ADC Bioscientific, Hodeson, UK). Measured was conducted in morning hours according. Based on the measured values of photosynthesis and transpiration we calculated water usage effectiveness (WUE).
Based on obtained results is evident that the highest average speed of photosynthesis in control variant was observed at variety of Monores (12,10 micromole CO2.m-2.s-1) and lowest at variety Misano (11,58 micromole CO2.m-2.s-1). The highest average speed of photosynthesis in stress variant was measured at variety of Matador (9,43 micromole CO2.m-2.s-1) and lowest at variety Monores (8,76 micromole CO2.m-2.s-1). There was observed decrease of photosynthesis for each of variety during the water stress.
The highest average values of transpiration were observed at variety Monores (1,97 mmol H2O.m-2.s-1), lowest at variety Matador (1,68 mmol H2O.m-2.s-1). Stressed variety Misano reached level of photosynthesis 1,82 mmol H2O.m-2.s-1. Control variety Matador reached speed of transpiration 1,54 mmol H2O.m-2.s-1 and variety Monores 1,85 mmol H2O.m-2.s-1.Variety Misano was on same level of control variant as stress variant.
The most sensitively reacted variety Monores, which usage of water was 4,43 (10-3). Variety Matador managed the stress well, the usage of water was 5,60 (10-3).
Obtained results confirmed hypothesis of genotype differences depending on water deficit, thus there are differences between gas exchange and WUE in control and stress plants.
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Controlling and its position in the management of a company
Viezan, Daniel ; Bednarčík, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with a position of controlling such as a modern instrument of management in particular manufacturing company of GZ Media, a.s. The thesis is divided into more parts. The theoretical part is based on available expert literature. The author of thesis introduces to reader a concept of controlling, its kinds and used instruments in this part.
The second part is focused on a basic characteristic and a financial ranking of the chosen company.
In the analytic part the productivity and effectiveness of gramophone record is analyzed in the part of production of controlling. The attention is focused on cost type of controlling, such as the calculation system and calculation patterns. There are graphs, charts and schemes used for better orientation.
In conclusion of thesis there are summarized analyzes and proposed recommendations for more effective management of the company.
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Logistic Controlling And Its Role In Business Management
Šimáně, David ; Štůsek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Lenka, Lenka (referee)
The Master´s thesis focus on evaluation of logistics controlling as a support of logistics process in Škoda Auto a.s. and suggests a solution to company´s logistics controlling case study. Firstly the thesis defines theoretical basics such as enterprise management, controlling and its role in company management, tasks of controller or logistician and specifics of logistics controlling. Then it includes the explanation of Make or Buy method which is used in solving the case study. The practical part analyzes particularities of logistics
and its controlling in Škoda Auto. It specifies the main tasks of controlling department of the company especially planning, controlling, analysis of variances, tracking and optimization costs, reporting for the logistics management and other departments. At the end of this section the case study is presented and solved, which is an illustration optimization of logistics costs, which provides logistics controlling. It evaluates practical benefits of logistics controlling within the company´s logistics process and proposes recommendations to increase the efficiency of logistics controlling weaknesses.
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An evaluation of erosion risks and design of erosion control measures in selected cadastral area
Janota, Petr ; Janků, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Karel, Karel (referee)
Erosion is exogenous geomorphological process that affects the formation of the Earth's surface since the formation of the Earth's solid crust. This activity, which under natural conditions proceeded slowly, in terms of human generations imperceptibly, in intensively used landscape dramatically accelerated and brought a number of adverse consequences. The aim of this study has been to assess and evaluate erosion risks in selected cadastral area and in the event of an over limit erosion hazard to suggest appropriate erosion control measures to eliminate the increased erosion.
The 77 erosion of closed units were examined by a computer program Atlas DMT erosion module, which uses digital terrain model together with data from databases or BPEJ or LPIS. The 14 of them have diagnosed overlimit value wash away the soil. As a basic erosion control measures the change of applied classic crop rotation to crop rotations using soil conservation technologies was considered. After adjusting cropping practices that positively impact factor of the protective effects of vegetation, it was found by erosion Atlas module, six parcels of land with over limited value of soil washes. These lands have suggested the use of technical erosion control measures, for example furrows, grassing thalwegs etc.. On the parcels, where, due to their size, shape or morphology technical measures proved inadequate or ineffective it has been proposed permanent grassing.
In the proposals erosion control measures it is necessary to combine the maximum efficiency of measures with condition of ease and minimal restriction of land users. When their making is to be assumed towards the user, because it depends on him only whether the proposed organizational and agronomic measures will be implemented or not. The fundamental problem with these measures is that their implementation is not backed by legislation. I assume that the more acceptable, less restrictive and inexpensive measures will be proposed, the more likely it will be implemented. One of the reasons why even the simple erosion control measures are put into practice slowly and with difficulty is the fact that in the Czech Republic the most of the agricultural land is managed by entities that are not its owners. This fact significantly contributes to the fact that land is viewed merely as a means of production, which must to bring maximum profit only. To improve this situation may also contribute to the establishment and consistent control of the GAEC standards.
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Secure access to local area network
Kočiš, Jan ; Halbich, Čestmír (advisor) ; Radomír, Radomír (referee)
This master's thesis deals with the field of secure access to the local area computer network. The main aim of the thesis is to characterize theoretical background of controlled access to computer networks, which includes security principles, recommended practices, authentication methods, network protocols and related processes. This thesis also includes practical usage of acquired knowledge by implementing secure access to local area network in a real environment.
The first part characterize the theoretical principles underlying the design and implementation of the entire system.
The practical part deals with the implementation of specific secure access to the local area computer network solution in the engineering company. The first part introduces the company, its environment and requirements. The following section describes performed analysis of the original state and based on the obtained information summarizes the proposed solution. Implementation of the comprehensive system of the controlled access to the local area network is described in detail in the next section. Description of the system deployment into production operation process, the definition of acceptance tests and recommendations for solving of potential issues are part of this work as well. Conclusion chapter contains summary of the system's economic aspects and the potential impacts on information systems operation in the company.
Final evaluation summarizes the thesis, highlights the benefits of the implemented system and analyses its weak points, with recommendations for further development. It finds the designed secure access to the local network as a suitable, secure and practical way to control access to local network resources.
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Impact of pesticides on the gut microbiota of animals
Stehlík, Michal ; Rada, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Salmonová, Hana (referee)
Pesticides are substances used to control plant and animal pest in agriculture. They are very significant and important factor in both production and revenues. Nowadays it is almost impossible for farmers to dispense without these substances but their presence in the soil does not bring only benefits. About pesticides it is generally known that they may adversely affect either on the ecosystem or the human or animal body. As the result many substances had been banned from market. Pesticides and their residues are subject to many controls and laboratory analysis in order to prevent their negative effects.
The aim of the thesis was to test the effect of pesticide (Roundup) on gut microorganisms. For the experiments we used bovine fecal samples and pure bacterial cultures isolated from various domestic animals for the testing of susceptibility to Roundup. We have determined specific growth rates of pure cultures cultivated on three different concentrations of Roundup and total counts lactobacilli, enterococci, E. coli and coliform bacteria of bovine feces cultivated on six different concentrations of Roundup
In the first experiment, no correlation has been found between the concentration of glyphosate (active substance of Roundup) and counts of bovine intestinal bacteria. The effect of glyphosate on the growth of intestinal bacteria was visible at the second attempt. At the highest concentration of glyphosate 17 g/L. Growth curves reached considerably lower levels here than at lower concentrations of glyphosate. Control samples and the samples on the concentration of glyphosate 1.7 mg/L and 0, 17mg/L increased similarly in most cases. This implies that in these concentrations there was no inhibition of bacteria whatsoever. The least susceptible genera to glyphosate were lactobacilli. The highest susceptibility to glyphosate was detected in bovine bacteria and the lowest in chicken bacteria.
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Optimizing controller settings in terms of quality of work gasoline engines E85
Kotek, Tomáš ; Pexa, Martin (advisor) ; Malaťák, Jan (referee)
The work deals with optimizing the operation of spark ignition internal combustion engine on fuel E85. The theoretical part is devoted to the issue of biofuels in terms of production, distribution and use in internal combustion engines.
The experimental part is devoted to the design and verification of the additional control unit (ADU) which solves the optimisation of operation unmodified engine on E85.
The first part of the experiment is dedicated to the design and construction of ADU with aim to faultless operation of the engine on E85.
The second part of the experiment was devoted to optimisation of engine operation in terms of fuel consumption using dynamic changes of the injectors opening time. Part of the experiments was an evaluation of emissions production and impact on the performance parameters of the engine.
The final part of the experiment evaluates the achieved results at the various settings strategy of ADU and compares them with results during engine operation on prescribed fuel N95.
By the dynamic change of the injector opening time were reached decrease in fuel consumption by about 5%, reduction in CO production by around 70%, approximately fourfold increase in the production of NOx emissions and about 50% decrease in production of particulate matters.
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