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Recycling plants in the Czech Republic
Průžková, Kateřina ; Kropáč, Jiří (referee) ; Gregor, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on recycling the municipal waste components (glass, paper, plastic). First part of the thesis contains a research into the current state of the waste management and its collection technologies. The following chapter consists in description of the waste components, their recycling and utilization as secondary raw materials including resource efficiency during the plastic recycling. The next part of the work comprises the list of recycling plants, which is sorted by the type of the waste processed. A separate chapter is focused on the technology of the plastic processing recycling line and its energy intensity. Subsequently, the cost of this recycling line and its components is introduced.
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Analysis of traffic data related to risks in waste management
Vaníček, Filip ; Smejkalová, Veronika (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to prepare real data for subsequent optimization of the collection plan using advanced VRP („Vehicle Routing Problem “) algorithms. The diploma thesis is motivated by the project Strategic Partnership for Environmental Technologies and Energy Production. The output focuses on indeterminate factors that have a major risk for subsequent operations. These are economic, environmental and social risks (overcrowded containers). Another result is the implementation and processing of the time-consuming passage of all streets, the estimation of the speed of the collection (garbage) truck for the subsequent optimization of the route and the estimation of the mean value of the filling of individual collection containers.
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Web application for waste containers placement planning
Vidlička, Adam ; Roupec, Jan (referee) ; Dobrovský, Ladislav (advisor)
The aim of this master's thesis is to create a web application that will serve as a tool for creation and management of municipal waste collection infrastructure. Computational functions developed at the Institute of Process Engineering will be utilized for more optimal creation of the waste collection infrastructure. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the zoom in on waste management in the Czech Republic, the motivation behind developing the web application, and the technologies used during its development. The practical part of the thesis describes the creation of the basic concept of the web application and provides subsequent descriptions of its individual components.
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Operational Research in Waste Management: Task Reduction Techniques
Janošťák, František ; Máša, Vítězslav (referee) ; Šenkeřík, Roman (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
The dissertation thesis focuses on reducing the computational complexity of selected modeling tasks in waste management. Two types of optimization tasks are presented here. First, attention is focuses on transport tasks. Current computational tools approach transport tasks with greatly simplified models of transportation costs. The thesis presents a more accurate model of transportation costs and describes its implementation into the long-term successfully used unique tool NERUDA. The improved tool provides more accurate results, however, requires more computational time. The work describes cases where the original tool provides results comparable to the improved one and suggests the methodology of how to identify, even before the calculation, whether the use of optimized models is necessary. The work continues in the area of scenario approaches, which output a significant amount of transport task results. Analysis of the results and their processing is key for further use in practice. The currently used tool works with future development scenarios where one result is calculated for each scenario. In many cases, the results are very similar, but their quantity hinders the following analysis The thesis describes an approach based on cluster analysis, which groups the results into categories and thereby significantly aids their processing and interpretation. The second type of tasks is represented by the optimization of the conceptual design of a waste-to-energy plant and a heating plant cooperation. In general, this is a stochastic mixed integer non-linear programming problem. The work presents an innovative approach, which, based on the decomposition of the task and its parallel solution, allows working with higher accuracy without a significant increase in computing time.
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Web application for planning waste fractions collection
Kubowský, Jiří ; Šeda, Miloš (referee) ; Dobrovský, Ladislav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to develop a web application to support the planning of waste collection with an emphasis on a user-friendly interface and variability in terms of configurability of task boundary conditions. The development of the application builds on models and algorithms developed in the field of waste management. The application will be a tool for end users to work with these data, models, and algorithms. In the theoretical part, the issues of waste sorting and collection are presented. The practical part deals with the development of the web application from the basic concept, through the technologies used, to the details of the actual implementation.
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Statistical analysis of data from routing problems
Mazlová, Lenka ; Popela, Pavel (referee) ; Šomplák, Radovan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on statistical analysis of data retrieved from real waste collection. The main goal is to become familiar with statistical hypothesis testing and model creating typical for mathematical statistics and to determine key parameters that affect routing problems. One of the outputs of this thesis is a Microsoft Excel file that contains statistical tests described in following text.
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Complex Waste Collection Models
Nevrlý, Vlastimír ; Šenkeřík, Roman (referee) ; Procházka,, Vít (referee) ; Stehlík, Petr (advisor)
The subject of this doctoral thesis is the solution of logistics systems in the context of waste management. The work begins with an extensive research in the field of modelling various situations from the waste transportation chain. There are presented multiple types of practical tasks in the area of operation research applicable to waste management. Their possibilities of extension and modification are analysed for use by investors, technical services or waste collection service providers. An essential part of the work is the identification of critical parameters in the waste collection at the level of municipalities and micro-regions. Based on practical requirements, challenges related to the improvement of decision-making and planning systems are defined. The available techniques proved to be insufficient for practical problems. For the area of changes and designs of collection systems (design and modification of routes, choice of the vehicle fleet, collection plan, etc.) there are no procedures that would include a whole range of operating conditions and parameters. The boundary conditions of the task affecting fundamental requirements are highly variable. The thesis presents a comprehensive approach, which is divided into several phases. The preparation and analysis of input data focused mainly on the creation of transport infrastructure, allocation of waste collection containers and their pairing to the network, which also reduces the size of the task. Furthermore, a procedure for compliance with the rules of the road was designed using a penalty function, and an algorithm for defining imaginary edges was implemented, which will allow distinguishing the frequency of collection on selected network segments. To reduce the size of the task, a segment clustering algorithm was also designed, which will enable the calculation of the collection even for larger areas. Input parameters related to operating time and fullness of collection containers are elaborated in greater detail, as they most influence the results of the task. A great benefit is also the algorithm generating the initialization solution from historical routes. As part of the related publishing activities, environmental criteria were defined to evaluate global and local impacts of waste transportation and treatment. The outputs of the thesis are used primarily for the analysis of collection systems, to support the deployment of waste containers, planning collection routes, time schedules and dimensioning the size of the vehicle fleet. The proposed algorithms were tested in several case studies, which proved the broad applicability of a comprehensive tool in the field of waste logistics. Although the thesis is focused on modelling the collection of municipal waste, the usability of the implemented procedures is possible in other areas of waste management or other sectors.
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Analysis of traffic data related to risks in waste management
Vaníček, Filip ; Smejkalová, Veronika (referee) ; Popela, Pavel (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to prepare real data for subsequent optimization of the collection plan using advanced VRP („Vehicle Routing Problem “) algorithms. The diploma thesis is motivated by the project Strategic Partnership for Environmental Technologies and Energy Production. The output focuses on indeterminate factors that have a major risk for subsequent operations. These are economic, environmental and social risks (overcrowded containers). Another result is the implementation and processing of the time-consuming passage of all streets, the estimation of the speed of the collection (garbage) truck for the subsequent optimization of the route and the estimation of the mean value of the filling of individual collection containers.
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Recycling plants in the Czech Republic
Průžková, Kateřina ; Kropáč, Jiří (referee) ; Gregor, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on recycling the municipal waste components (glass, paper, plastic). First part of the thesis contains a research into the current state of the waste management and its collection technologies. The following chapter consists in description of the waste components, their recycling and utilization as secondary raw materials including resource efficiency during the plastic recycling. The next part of the work comprises the list of recycling plants, which is sorted by the type of the waste processed. A separate chapter is focused on the technology of the plastic processing recycling line and its energy intensity. Subsequently, the cost of this recycling line and its components is introduced.
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