|
| |
|
|
The impact of urban sprawl on the environment.
Havel, Petr ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Romportl, Dušan (referee)
The suburbanization process - a shift of population and activities from city centre to its fringe - is not only a socioeconomical phenomenon; city spatial expansion is a serious concern for an environment as well. The volume of suburban and sprawling areas is constantly increasing, moreover the character of this development is inefficient both spatially and energetically. A crucial changes take place in a landscape, which is being fragmented and homogenized. Those changes affect organisms, which live in the landscape; their natural environment is intensively modified and not all of them are able to get used to a newly created conditions and resist to a pressure of invasive species. A lot of compacted and impervious surfaces negatively influence not only the biota, but also a water quality, infiltration and water regime. Last but not least, new development seals a lot of quality agricultural land. Sealed soils are irreversibly deteriorated and become useless for further agricultural use. Despite the fact, that legislative in the Czech Republic should protect the high-quality agricultural soils, the study, made in the surroundings of D1 highway shows that's not the case. Two thirds of the commercial suburban development take place on the most productive and valuable soils. This number suggests poor...
|
|
|
Suburbanization in Central Bohemia Region and its impact on health
Majerová, Vendula ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Kružík, Lubomír (referee)
The main objective of diploma thesis "Suburbanization in Central Bohemia Region and its impact on health" is research of non-coordinated suburbanization in Central Bohemia Region and its relation to health of inhabitants. There is used an appropriate combination of research methods according to the research objectives and questions (mental maps, actor analysis, public policy analysis, comparation, interviews). It enables understanding of all aspects of thesuburbanization process. Many theoretical concepts are used, eg. determinants of health, urbanism, sustainable development, quality of life or social transformation. The first part of diploma thesis presents health problems caused by urban sprawl. These problems are related to air quality, physical activity, traffic, water quantity and quality, mental health, social capital and health of special populations. Inguiry identifies roles, interests and behaviour of relevant actors. It proves that current suburbanization of Central Bohemia Region, similar to urban sprawl, may influence health and quality of life of its inhabitants, and brings many negative externalities. Incrementakl knowledge development and pressure of the European Union leads to changes in public policy and legislation, which was influenced with social transformation and impact on...
|
|
|
Suburbanisation and Regional Development according to the Theory of Sustainable Development
Huberová, Jana ; Kučerová, Eva (advisor) ; Háva, Petr (referee) ; Merunková, Iveta (referee)
Diploma thesis "Suburbanization and Regional Development according to the Theory of Sustainable Development" deals with the processes of suburbanization, with a focus on its negative impacts, e.g. urban sprawl, and the influence of these processes concerning regional development and sustainable development. The problems of suburbanization and the associated public policy are analyzed on two basic levels: 1. Analysis of the policy (especially regional policy, policy of urban planning) on particular levels of governance with analysis of key documents (strategic political documents, both national and supranational); 2. Analysis of the regional development of the Central Bohemia (with cases studies of Vysoký Újezd and Horoměřice) influenced by the suburbanization process in surrounding Prague (analysis of indices of regional development that are closely connected with suburbanization, such as migration, construction, property price development and also other socio-economic indices). The result of the thesis is a model analysis that creates the framework for the evaluation of suburbanization concerning regional development. This is carried out according to the concept of sustainable development and proposes the basic set of indices relevant for measuring the influence of suburbanization on sustainable...
|
|
|
Real- Estate Taxation de lege ferenda
Krejčí, Hanuš ; Boháč, Radim (referee)
The thesis presents a brand new concept of recurrent real estate tax in the Czech Republic. The object of the tax is designed to be exclusively land and apartments and non-residential premises. Buildings or any other aboveground or underground structures are not the object of taxation. Unlike buildings, land and apartments and non-residential premises can be appraised with sufficient accuracy only considering their quantity and location, hence by simply multiplying their areas and unit prices common in a given place and time. Consequently, the real estate tax can be designed on an ad valorem basis in order to differentiate between the tax liability of most lucrative, less lucrative and least lucrative property owners. As a result, tax collection can be substantially increased and a still marginal local tax can become a significant source of funds to the state treasury. At the same time, the increased recurrent tax on immovable property allows to abolish the economically questionable one-off tax in the Czech Republic, which is nowadays levied on the transfer of immovable property. The land tax is imposed on all land in the territory of the Country, with the exception of land built by apartment buildings and land used exclusively with them. The tax on apartments and non- residential premises falls on the...
|
|
|
SASHA
Kadaňka, Petr ; Mazanec, Martin (referee) ; Vaněk, Vojtěch (advisor)
The main topic of the work is the interpretation of feelings related to the issue of disappearing landscape values at the expense of uncontrolled extensive development of suburban areas. It is a subjective thought product of several years of experience in architectural practice, including, among other things, one's own participation in a similar invasive construction. This empiricism has resulted in the constant questioning of ethical conduct and responsibility. The key terms are suburbanization, urban sprawl, development, satellite town, outskirts, transformation of the aura of a place in „non-aura“. An integral part of the work is represented by considerations about the general position of the object within the hierarchy of (sub)urban space. The object does not mean only positive examples in the form of aesthetic, orientation or vegetation elements. The focus is also on its averted form — waste, utilitarian technical and functional elements or, for example, the seemingly endless colonization of public space by cars. Colonization of our minds. All spatial objects are also psychotropic. Their mental impact can be beneficial, arousing affect or emotion. But what if the objects in the public space are completely missing? The urban object is not far from the position of an artifact, a prop of everyday life, which does not belong to a person physically, but mentally.
|
|
|
Real- Estate Taxation de lege ferenda
Krejčí, Hanuš ; Boháč, Radim (referee)
The thesis presents a brand new concept of recurrent real estate tax in the Czech Republic. The object of the tax is designed to be exclusively land and apartments and non-residential premises. Buildings or any other aboveground or underground structures are not the object of taxation. Unlike buildings, land and apartments and non-residential premises can be appraised with sufficient accuracy only considering their quantity and location, hence by simply multiplying their areas and unit prices common in a given place and time. Consequently, the real estate tax can be designed on an ad valorem basis in order to differentiate between the tax liability of most lucrative, less lucrative and least lucrative property owners. As a result, tax collection can be substantially increased and a still marginal local tax can become a significant source of funds to the state treasury. At the same time, the increased recurrent tax on immovable property allows to abolish the economically questionable one-off tax in the Czech Republic, which is nowadays levied on the transfer of immovable property. The land tax is imposed on all land in the territory of the Country, with the exception of land built by apartment buildings and land used exclusively with them. The tax on apartments and non- residential premises falls on the...
|
|
|
Real- Estate Taxation de lege ferenda
Krejčí, Hanuš ; Vybíral, Roman (advisor) ; Boháč, Radim (referee)
The thesis presents a brand new concept of recurrent real estate tax in the Czech Republic. The object of the tax is designed to be exclusively land and apartments and non-residential premises. Buildings or any other aboveground or underground structures are not the object of taxation. Unlike buildings, land and apartments and non-residential premises can be appraised with sufficient accuracy only considering their quantity and location, hence by simply multiplying their areas and unit prices common in a given place and time. Consequently, the real estate tax can be designed on an ad valorem basis in order to differentiate between the tax liability of most lucrative, less lucrative and least lucrative property owners. As a result, tax collection can be substantially increased and a still marginal local tax can become a significant source of funds to the state treasury. At the same time, the increased recurrent tax on immovable property allows to abolish the economically questionable one-off tax in the Czech Republic, which is nowadays levied on the transfer of immovable property. The land tax is imposed on all land in the territory of the Country, with the exception of land built by apartment buildings and land used exclusively with them. The tax on apartments and non- residential premises falls on the...
|
|
|
Suburbanization of the Olomouc city and its impact on city center and surroundings
Maršálková, Marcela ; Erben, Adam (referee) ; Pavlovský, Tomáš (advisor)
This thesis focuses on residential suburbanization within Olomouc city and its surroundings. The aim of the thesis is to determine the degree of intensity of suburbanization of individual settlemements based on the available data. Pursuant evaluation, the settlements with higher suburbanization intensity will be selected and subjected to investigation. The purpose of the investigation is to determine the extent of influence by these processes and what the settlement with higher suburbanisation intensity brings to the citizens. Subsequently, the selected sites and their newly build environement will be assessed from urbanistic and architectural point of view. In conclusion, the detailed analysis of the most suburbanized settlement will be performed.
|
|
|
Elasticita sídelní struktury a rozvoj sídel do krajiny: podíl zastavěného území a zastavitelných ploch v krajině
Jenčková, Barbora
The settlement structure undergoes a permanent change. Urbanization has been accompanied by gradual expansion of settlements into the landscape. In metropolitan areas, an increased demand for development areas creates pressure for identifying further plots to build at the expense of undeveloped landscape. The extent of existing urbanization around a metropolis is often not directly dependent on the natural conditions and morphology of the area, the distance and the relation to the metropolitan center being decisive. Settlements are forced to cope with change. An essential property of settlement structures is therefore adaptability. The elasticity of the settlement structure is therefore presented as a value that allows responding to changes. On the basis of theoretical conclusions, verified through case studies, the properties and characteristics of elastic settlement structures will be determined.
|
guest ::
