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Nautiloidea of Upper Cretaceous epicontinental seas in Europe
Frank, Jiří
The post-Triassic Nautiloidea are not as popular theme within fossils cephalopods research as for example ammonites. They are not very abundant in the fossil records except some rare localities and areas, their morphology is quite conservative and due to the usually poor preservation, their determination and assigning to the species even to genera level is often complicated. Exceptional are taxa with very specific morphology and short stratigraphic and endemic occurrence, which are even suitable for biostratigraphic interpretations. Problematic is also the often poor taxonomical representation of the type material and revision of many taxa is needed. Still nautilids are often represented by reasonable amount in the paleontological collections of natural history museums due to the long history of fossils collecting. Also the scientific literature has been dedicating at least some space to this group since 19 century. The aim of this study is to create an overview about the post- Triassic, especially Upper Cretaceous nautiolidea in the European region of epicontinental seas and prepare a good basement for extensive study of this group. Due to this aim the study is primarily focused on determination of morphological features and also problematic with their interpretation according to the variable...
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Nautiloidea of Upper Cretaceous epicontinental seas in Europe
Frank, Jiří ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Turek, Vojtěch (referee) ; Schlögl, Ján (referee)
The post-Triassic Nautiloidea are not as popular theme within fossils cephalopods research as for example ammonites. They are not very abundant in the fossil records except some rare localities and areas, their morphology is quite conservative and due to the usually poor preservation, their determination and assigning to the species even to genera level is often complicated. Exceptional are taxa with very specific morphology and short stratigraphic and endemic occurrence, which are even suitable for biostratigraphic interpretations. Problematic is also the often poor taxonomical representation of the type material and revision of many taxa is needed. Still nautilids are often represented by reasonable amount in the paleontological collections of natural history museums due to the long history of fossils collecting. Also the scientific literature has been dedicating at least some space to this group since 19 century. The aim of this study is to create an overview about the post- Triassic, especially Upper Cretaceous nautiolidea in the European region of epicontinental seas and prepare a good basement for extensive study of this group. Due to this aim the study is primarily focused on determination of morphological features and also problematic with their interpretation according to the variable...
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Lower Cretaceous belemnites and their occurrence in Czech Republic
Vaňková, Lucie ; Košťák, Martin (advisor) ; Marek, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with an complex overview of the Lower Cretaceous belemnites, and their occurrence in the Czech Republic, especially in Štramberk locality. First part provides a brief introduction to the Lower Cretaceous and to belemnite morfology with emphasis on internal skeleton especially of rostrum. Next chapter includes short review of morfometric analysis, which is the most important feature for taxonomy. The following part presents systematics and taxonomy of the Lower Cretaceous belemnite, and their paleoecological use as an indicators for paleotemperatures. There are also mentioned geographical occurrences and migrations of certain belemnite taxa and their stratigraphical evidence in the Lower Cretaceous sediments. The last part deals with the locality Štramberk, which is unique in the Czech Republic because of its stratigraphical evidence of the Lower Cretaceous belemnite fauna. Key words: Belemnites, Lower Cretaceous, systematice, palaeobiogeography, palaeoecology, Štramberk
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Vampires and Vampirism in archaeological publications in terms of taphonomy and forensic anthropology.
Drahošová, Michala ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Velemínský, Petr (referee)
The topic of vampires and vampirism raises a deep interest among literary authors, readers, the media, and the general public. This topic is also very important from the historical and archaeological point of view, such as when anti-vampiric measures used to be taken on dead bodies in the past. Lately, this topic has become a phenomenon in the interpretation of atypical funeral rites. This thesis deals with some archaeological cases that are interpreted as vampiric funerals. It is extremely important to make a taphonomic analysis, get high quality pictures, and photographic documentation of the particular situation for a non-standard and correct interpretation of the funeral. The knowledge of taphonomy, archeotanatologie and forensic anthropology allow for an explanation of some of the reported anti-vampiric measures in many of these cases. However, it is often difficult or even impossible to trace the detailed documentation of the published vampiric burials. Natural decay and geological processes play an important role in the interpretation of these causes, as well. Non-standard funerals can exist but, as this thesis concludes, it would be a mistake to immediately identify any atypical findings as a vampire without further examination and taphonomic analysis. It is important to revise old...
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Problematické aspekty ichntaxonomie: tafosérie, "fotosérie" a "grafosérie"
Mikuláš, Radek
The probability of misidentification of trace fossils is extremely high if the authors did not see the original material but used only published photographs. Clearly, it is impracticable to visit all the collections containing the revised material and impossible to visit all type localities, but further caution against the use of photos or drawings must be done here. Photographed material can result in the effect named here “photoseries”: just the method of illumination of the object can make it classifiable as two different ichnotaxa. Diffuse light enables an annulate tunnel to be featured as Rhabdoglyphus, but raking light depicts instead “invaginated segments” of Fustiglyphus of idealized drawings is obviously even more problematic, as shown by nice “graphoseries” if we consider the original specimen, the method of its preparation, and the published figure.
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Echinoderm taphonomy in the Lower Cretaceous of Štramberk
Žítt, Jiří
Taphonomy of echinoderms (echinoids, asteroids, crinoids) from the Plaňava Formation and Kopřivnice Member (Upper Valnginian - Hauterivian)is evaluated. Principal taphonomic features of echinoderm remains (disarticulation, encrustation, fragmentation, abrasion) are studied, showing special characters in both sedimentary units.
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