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Comparison of revenues from retail turnover tax and VAT revenues in selected countries
Šedivá, Veronika ; Zídková, Hana (advisor) ; Kouba, Tomáš (referee)
Bachelor thesis examines VAT revenues in the EU and retail turnover taxes in the US (also sales tax). The reader will find an analysis of the transfer tax regime, its influence on the VAT collection in the Czech Republic, the analysis of the retail turnover tax and the subsequent comparison of the two tax systems. The comparison shows that the administrative burden on taxpayers of both tax systems under review is comparable. The work concludes that the VAT revenue from GDP is significantly higher in the EU than the US tax revenue. On the other hand, the VAT revenue in selected EU countries compared to total tax revenues is lower than the income from US sales tax on total tax revenue. This is mainly influenced by the differing structure of tax revenues of national budgets in the EU, unlike in the USA, where income tax almost does not flow into state budgets.
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Problematic Accounting Cases in terms of Value added Tax
Smolová, Gabriela ; Müllerová, Libuše (advisor) ; Zelenková, Marie (referee)
The goal of the thesis is to offer a comprehensive view of the issue of value-added tax and its representation in accounting. The thesis is divided into two basic parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part focuses on value-added tax legislation and on the basic terms and concepts used in the thesis. Later, it briefly deals with the development history of tax and tax rates. The thesis also introduces basic principles of VAT accounting and later describes problematic accounting cases in terms of value added tax on a theoretical level. The practical part covers the presentation and reporting of selected accounting issues and later the representation of these issues in the value-added tax return form and in the control statement.
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The Reverse Charge and the Institute of Review Statement in Value Added Tax Act
Vaner, Dana ; Boháč, Radim (advisor) ; Vybíral, Roman (referee)
The final thesis deals with the amendment of Act no. 235/2004 Coll., Value added tax Act, as amended, which extends the reverse charge and introduces new institute of review statement. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the new regulation in terms of its suitability and potential benefits and also in terms of its failings and disadvantages. Concurrently the thesis focuse on the evaluation of the impact of extending the reverse charge and introducing the institute of review statement on the fight against value added tax evasions, which are represented mainly by carousel frauds. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter describes the basic characteristics of value added tax as an indirect tax, based on the principle of paying the tax on output and consecutive application of the deduction, and further discusses the basic structural elements of the tax. The explanation focused on the value added tax frauds is given at the end of the firts chapter, where is detailly described the functioning of the carousel frauds with cross-border element, which are becoming more important. The second chapter deals with the reverse charge in form in which applied until 31st December 2014. There is an interpretation of transactions which falled under this special mode in terms of European...
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Fight against evasion in indirect taxation
Havránek, Štěpán ; Boháč, Radim (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
Thesis is focused on fight against indirect tax evasion. This topic was selected because it is a current issue. This is evidenced by media coverage regarding revealed tax evasion schemes; total estimated volume of tax evaded and increased activity of legislator in this field. The thesis is divided into three parts. In first part, I start with a general description of indirect taxes. I subsequently proceed with description of individual indirect taxes in the Czech Republic - value added tax, excise tax, and energy tax - and a brief summary of their evolution, main principles of functioning and their sources of law, both Czech and European. In second part, I tackle the problem of tax optimization, in particular the difference between legal and illegal methods of lowering ones tax. For this purpose, I go into more detail in explaining differences between tax planning, tax avoidance and tax evasion. I also draw attention to problems related to distinguishing these categories and to how these are interpreted differently by tax authorities in Anglo-Saxon and Continental area. After establishing theoretical background, I proceed by describing particular methods of evading tax, focusing mainly at illegal imports and carousel fraud, which, according to the Ministry of Finance, deprives Czech Republic of CZK 15...
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Value Added Tax in the Czech Republic, EU comparison
Pelikánová, Radka ; Kemény, Irena (advisor) ; Hollmannová, Monika (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on value added tax which is an important part of the tax systems of many countries around the world. In the countries of European Union is this tax compulsory. The main target of this work is to describe the origin of value added tax, the principle of its functioning and its legislation not only in the Czech Republic but also in the European Union. Furthermore, this thesis focuses on the harmonization of value added tax in the European Union, its development and differences in the use of value added tax between the Member States. Finally, this work deals with tax fraud, which threaten the value added tax in particular so-called Carousel Fraud. It describes the factors that enable the creation of tax fraud and tries to answer the question whether the reverse charge mechanism could eliminate the tax fraud. It also makes efforts to find appropriate solutions to the problem of tax fraud.
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Legal aspects of the fight against tax evasion
Liška, Milan ; Vybíral, Roman (advisor) ; Boháč, Radim (referee)
Legal aspects of the fight against tax evasion The aim of this thesis is an analysis of selected institutes fighting against tax evasion. Furthermore, an analysis of reasons for their implementation, their purpose and the problems associated with them. Also the current impact of tools that have been part of Czech law for long is reviewed. The thesis is divided into 8 chapters. The first chapter deals with basic concepts, such as a tax, its functions and principles. The second chapter discusses what is tax evasion, the issue of defying what is still considered a tax evasion and what not, and also highlights the socio- economic origin of tax evasion. Furthermore, the chapter summarizes effective and necessary tools in fight against tax evasion in the European Union, which provides the legal framework in tax laws for the Czech Republic. Finally, this chapter is an overview of the effects of cooperation and active battle against tax evasion within the European Union. In following chapters, various mechanisms are analysed. The first is an inspection report, a new tool introduce on 1/1/2016. This chapter also describe problems of carousel fraud and the analysis of the constitutional complaint filed related to this institute. Other instruments are the reverse charge and the concept of liability. These two...
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The implementation of the reverse-charge mechanism on selected goods
Pinďák, Adam ; Zídková, Hana (advisor) ; Čejková, Eliška (referee)
This thesis is focused on the implementation of the reverse charge mechanism on supplies of electricity and gas, which was imposed on these goods on 1st February 2016. The main aim of the thesis is to determine whether carousel frauds in our territory disappeared after the introduction of the reverse charge mechanism and to attempt to estimate the amount of tax evasion before the implementation. The other topics in the thesis include a description of principles of carousel frauds and measures adopted in order to eliminate them as well as an evaluation of the contemporary level of implementation of this mechanism in the Czech Republic and other EU countries. The analysis of foreign trade statistics has indicated a significant decrease in these figures as a consequence of a possible elimination of related carousel frauds. The estimation of the amount of tax evasion in the period of six months before the implementation achieved 1.05 billion CZK.
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Analysis of the development of VAT in the Czech Republic in 2004-2012 and its impact on practice
Kuchynková, Tereza ; Moravcová, Jana (advisor) ; Vítek, Leoš (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is to analyze the development of the VAT legislation in the Czech Republic in the years 2004 -- 2012 assessing the impact of changes in the legislation on practice. The diploma thesis is divided into four parts. The first part deals with theoretical background of the current VAT tax theory. The following part focuses on harmonization of VAT within the EU, and this part also includes insight on the Green Paper as the future of VAT setting in the EU. The third part shows the structure of the VAT before and after joining the European Union as well as the most important amendments of the Czech VAT law. The last part is devoted to practical problems associated with the changes of VAT, here is also included a review of all VAT forms. At the very end of the paper the topic of reverse charge in the construction industry is analyzed based on author's own work experience.
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The fight against tax evasion of VAT in the Czech Republic
Klimešová, Gabriela ; Zídková, Hana (advisor) ; Pavel, Jan (referee)
The thesis is focused on providing clear and objectively structured information, which bind to the issue of evasion of VAT in the Czech Republic. The main goal is to map measures against evasion of VAT and their effectiveness in fighting against such fraud. The theoretical part deals with basic terms related to the issue of this work, and explain the key terms of tax evasion. The second part is focused on the most important types of evasion of VAT in the Czech Republic and the measures that the government wants to implement in the Czech Republic in the coming years. The third part deals with the effects of the measures against tax evasion to the payer and the state budget. The fourth part is to analyze the evolution of tax adjustment to tax crimes of tax evasion in the years 2010, 2011 and 2012. Results of the analysis are used to assess the effectiveness of legal measures and the effectiveness of fiscal supervision.
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