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Comparison of national public policies of Roma integration in Central Europe
Tuzar, Vojtěch ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Říchová, Blanka (referee)
The societies of most European countries, especially those in Central Europe, are plagued by a high incidence of social and civic exclusion of Roma. The living situation of a significant part of the Roma community is a long-standing human rights challenge for modern welfare states. Since the collapse of the bipolar world, with the flowering of liberal values of equality, it has been assumed that Roma would be relatively swiftly integrated into mainstream society and that unjustified disparities in access to public services would be eliminated. Over the last thirty years, all states affected by significant levels of exclusion of the Roma minority have attempted to address this sensitive issue through a wide range of policies, but without any relevant and lasting impact. The present thesis examines national public policies in the field of Roma minority inclusion in Slovakia, Poland, and Czech Republic and Hungary in the current period. The main objective of the thesis is to compare the national integration policies of selected Central European countries by applying Actor-centred Institutionalism Theory and the A-A-A Model. The result of the scientific research is to present a comparative overview study that will generally reveal parallels and discrepancies in the states approach to Roma exclusion and...
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Comparison of national public policies of Roma integration in Central Europe
Tuzar, Vojtěch ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Říchová, Blanka (referee)
The societies of most European countries, especially those in Central Europe, are plagued by a high incidence of social and civic exclusion of Roma. The living situation of a significant part of the Roma community is a long-standing human rights challenge for modern welfare states. Since the collapse of the bipolar world, with the flowering of liberal values of equality, it has been assumed that Roma would be relatively swiftly integrated into mainstream society and that unjustified disparities in access to public services would be eliminated. Over the last thirty years, all states affected by significant levels of exclusion of the Roma minority have attempted to address this sensitive issue through a wide range of policies, but without any relevant and lasting impact. The present thesis examines national public policies in the field of Roma minority inclusion in Slovakia, Poland, and Czech Republic and Hungary in the current period. The main objective of the thesis is to compare the national integration policies of selected Central European countries by applying Actor-centred Institutionalism Theory and the A-A-A Model. The result of the scientific research is to present a comparative overview study that will generally reveal parallels and discrepancies in the states approach to Roma exclusion and...
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Cultural competences of nurses in general practitioners' surgeries.
ŠVANCÁROVÁ, Anna
The Diploma Thesis on the topic: "Cultural competences of nurses in general practitioners' surgeries" aimed to map the level of cultural competence of nurses in the surgeries of general practitioner for adults (further referred to as GP). Following the stated aim, these two research questions were identified: What is the level of cultural competence of nurses in the GP's surgeries? What cultural challenges are present for nurses in the GP's surgeries? Firstly, the theoretical part of the work focuses initially on globalization and migration. It deals with migration, describes the situation in the Czech Republic and provides information on the development of the number of foreigners living here. It explains basic concepts in the field of transcultural nursing. It describes the main models that deal with cultural competence, culturally sensitive and adapted care and the theory of transcultural nursing. One of the chapters focuses on the transcultural features of minorities and religions, which are most common in the Czech Republic. Secondly, it describes a nurse in a GP surgery, describing and explaining her cultural competence. And last but not least, it deals with her communication skills in the GP surgery. The basis for achieving the set goal was a qualitative research method in primary care facilities, which was part of the research grant project number GAJU 046/2021S, which is implemented with the financial support of the Grant Agency of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. Data collection was carried out using a semi-structured interview. It contained twenty questions with appropriate sub-questions. The research population consisted of nurses who work in GP's surgeries and have experience with patients of diverse minorities. After informing the interviewees and with their consent, the interviews were audio recorded. Only for one respondent was the information obtained in written form on paper. The audio recordings were subsequently transcribed into written form and processed using the open coding method, the "pencil - paper" technique. All respondents were assured of complete anonymity. The results of the research are presented in the form of 4 categories, which are subsequently divided into further subcategories. These are clearly shown schematically in the work. Individual categories try to answer the research questions of this thesis. The work provides us with a comprehensive view of the cultural competence of nurses in the GP's surgeries. The results indicate what cultural competences the nurses hold, whether they are even aware of these competences, to what extent they have knowledge of the specifics of individual cultures, especially those they encounter, and last but not least, how they can communicate with patients of different cultures and what communication barriers they experience. The research results can be used in the teaching of non-medical health workers and students at ZSF JU in České Budějovice. The educational part can lead to the creation of principles and guidelines for culturally competent nursing care. The preparation of nurses to provide nursing care for patients from a different culture or similar culture in ambulatory care in the Czech Republic can be made more effective by new principles from this research.
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Nurse from a minority society in the Czech healthcare
KARTÁKOVÁ, Nikola
This bachelor thesis will deal with the issue of nurses from minority groups. The theoretical part deals with transcultural nursing in general, but also with other important topics that are directly related to nurses from minorty groups. The empirical part has stated two aims. The first aim was to find out what issues nures from minority society face in Czech healthcare. The second aim was to find out what attitude the patients have towards a nurse from the minority society. Based on the set aims, four research questions have been posed. The first research question is trying to find out what issues does a nurse from the minority society notice within their workplace? The second question was what issues does a nurse from the minority society notice in relation to patients? The third research question asks how does the patient perceive the fact that they are being cared for by a minority society nurse? The last question was researching what communication issues does the patient perceive in communicating with a nurse from the minority society? To process the empirical part, a qualitative research method was chosen, specifically using semi-structured interviews that were carried out together with nurses coming from minority groups. They are individuals of different nationality or a different religion, working in Czech healthcare system. Further, interviews were being carried out with patients who experienced the care by nurses from minority groups. There were six informants in case of nurses, and five patients. In case of nurses, the main choice criterium was a different nationality or religion. In the category of patients, these had to be people who have at least once in their lives encountered the care by a nurse from a minority society. Based on acquired interviews, a data analysis was done and the results were further worked out into individual categories. The acquired results have proven that the main issue in the cooperation of nurses of a different nationality and Czech patients is difficult communication. Further, we have found out that foreign nurses are very happy in Czech healthcare and they do not notice any significant issues, except a language barrier. They only have pointed out documentation and machines as problematic, because they are not used to them. Further, it was discovered that patients perceive minority nurses rather positively and, again, besides difficult communication, they do not perceive any significant issues. Communication, however, is totally a basic feature of healthcare, and our research has discovered that if a nurse is unable to communicate efficiently, the patient is unhappy, they do not trust the nurse sufficiently and they may even refuse their care.
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The role of a social worker in working with Roma in low-threshold facilities
KARELINA, Maryna
Bachelor thesis concerns the role of a social worker in solving typical situations of Gypsies youth who use the services of low-threshold facilities for children and youth. The aim of the thesis is to present the possibilities in choosing a role for a social worker. Using the knowledge about the Gypsy minority and low-threshold facilities for childre and youth, a typology, including the typical problems of youth people, is presented. Furthermore, due to the possibilities mentioned, a representative example of choosing a role is created, which a social worker can use when working with a client.
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Regional identity: The Role of the Czech Republic and Poland in maintaining Sorbian identity
BARÇON, Maëla
This master thesis focuses on the Sorbs, a small Slavic minority living in Lusatia, Germany. The Sorbs are only 60 000, and their identity is currently threatened. This research aims at knowing to what extent the Czech Republic and Poland, as Slavic neighbours, can help the Sorbs maintain their identity. 6 semi-structured interviews were conducted with Sorbian, Czech, and Polish people. Several topics were addressed: the Sorbian identity, the personal experiences with the Czech Republic and Poland, the Sorbian-Czech and Sorbian-Polish relations as well as the Sorbs' relations with Germany. The results show that Sorbian identity is highly threatened and provide a state of play of the current Sorbian-Czech and Sorbian-Polish relations. Finally, the role that the Czech Republic and Poland could have in maintaining Sorbian identity in the coming years was discussed.
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Nutrition of Patients from Selected National and Religious Minorities in Medical Devices.
BRŮŽOVÁ, Daniela
Nowadays, we frequently meet individuals from other countries, people of different religion, with their own values and culture, which is different from the general majority. These individuals also have specific dietary and nutritional requirements. If food is based on the very foundations of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, it is a fundamental aspect of human existence. The goal of modern nursing is to provide individuals with culturally specific care through culturally appropriate ways to match the cultural values, beliefs, and life habits of the individual or group. The aim of this master thesis is to map the issue of nutrition of patients from selected national and religious minorities in health care facilities. The empirical part of the thesis is based on qualitative research. The data collection technique was a semi-structured interview, which was conducted with representatives of minorities (Roma, Vietnamese, followers of Islam and followers of Orthodoxy), as well as with representatives of general nurses and nutrition therapists. The research results show that representatives of the Roma and Vietnamese minorities have minimal dietary requirements during hospitalization. The requirements of followers of Orthodoxy depend on whether and to what extend they are fasting. Representatives of Islamists have the greatest dietetic requirements in hospital facilities. Furthermore, significant differences in diet can also be found within one minority. During the hospitalization, majority of probands were not asked about the dietary specifics and requirements based on their culture or about the eating habits of them as individuals. This statement was further confirmed by general nurses, when several probands told us that they do not ask patients about their dietary requirements. The results of interviews with general nurses clearly show high level of deficiency in the knowledge of transcultural nursing, as well as in the provision of transcultural care. Probands from the ranks of general nurses named very few cultures that they encounter during their practice. Also, it was clear from interviews with nutrition therapists that they do not encounter a great cultural diversity of patients. This raises questions such as whether the nursing history is obtained by the nurses in the right way and whether the eating habits and requirements of the patients are recorded. Collaboration between general nurses and nutritional therapists was assessed positively by representatives of both of these research groups. The output of this master thesis is an educational material designed for nurses, which should acquaint health professionals with the specifics of providing care for selected minorities.
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"We're here, we're queer, get used to it!" Representation of Particular Isssues of LGBT+ Community in TV Series after 2000
SKALÁK, Pavel
The diploma thesis focuses on selected specific issues that LGBTQ people (lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals, and other queer people) face due to their different non- heteronormative sexual and gender identities. Attention is paid specifically to issues of discrimination, stereotyping, partnership (marriage vs. registered partnership), parenthood, attributed promiscuity, and HIV / AIDS. The author focuses on fiction series broadcast between 2000 and 2021, which deals with queer topis and includes LGBTQ characters in the main or supporting roles, focusing on ways of depicting these characters and reflecting on selected issues they experience due to their identity. In foreign series such as Glee, Modern Family, Orange Is the New Black, Pose, Tales of the City, Sex Education, The Politician, It's a Sin and in the Czech series Ulice and MOST! the ways in which the series presents LGBTQ characters are analysed, in what discourse they are talked about and what effect these depictions may have on the majority heterosexual cisgender viewer. The thesis also provides an overview of the most common narrative archetypes of LGBTQ characters appearing in media production. These are also supplemented by examples of characters from the series of the last 20 years. Through a critical analysis of selected series and their reception, the author tries to point out the importance of portraying people with different sexual and gender identities and the influence of this television representation on the formation of opinions and attitudes towards LGBTQ people.
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Lives of the Indian community in Czechia
Kohoutová, Magdaléna ; Géla, František (advisor) ; Silverio, Robert (referee)
In the practical part of this thesis, under the title Life of the Indian community in the Czech Republic, I documented the everyday life of several representatives of this nationality. My goal was to show how and why this very small minority lives here. In the photo book that emerged from this effort, I captured the Eastern and Western worlds colliding in their lives. The theoretical part of this work is devoted to journalistic photography, specifically photojournalism and documentary photography. These two genres are very close, they even overlap in many ways. I will therefore determine what the differences between them are. The next chapters already touch on the practical part of my work. I describe how to work with the depiction of foreign cultures in a photo document. I will take postcolonialist theory and its understanding of the relationship between Western civilization and the rest of the world as a guide. Subsequently, I will present the work of several contemporary Czech photographers who work with foreign cultures. I will look into their style and focus in particular on their understanding of the intercultural scale of their work.
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Integration programmes for immigrant children in the Czech Republic and Great Britain
Tůmová, Lenka ; Ženíšek, Jakub (advisor) ; Farrell, Mark Robert (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with immigration integration politics and programmes of the Czech Republic and the Great Britain, with the main focus on the integration of immigrant children into the society and education system. The work is divided into two parts: each one gives information about Czech and British immigration history and development, integration policies, and the main issues that each of the country is dealing with. All the information and data used in the text come from the latest research and from updated source documents.
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