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Computational complexity of combinatorial problems in specific graph classes
Masařík, Tomáš ; Fiala, Jiří (advisor)
The topic of this diploma thesis is the edge distance labeling problem with specified parametres p, q and λ. We found a dychotomy for p = 2 and q = 1. So the problem is polynomial if λ ≤ 4 and it is NP-complete for λ > 4. The boundary is shifted by one prior to the vertex distance labeling problem, which has already been solved. Polynomial cases are characterized as some special paths and cycles with a few additional vertices. To show NP-completeness we use a well-known NP-complete problem of Monotone not all equal 3-SAT. That section has four parts: One for odd λ, one for even λ and two more reductions for λ = 5 and λ = 6. 1
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Computational complexity of combinatorial problems in specific graph classes
Masařík, Tomáš ; Fiala, Jiří (advisor) ; Dvořák, Zdeněk (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is the edge distance labeling problem with specified parametres p, q and λ. We found a dychotomy for p = 2 and q = 1. So the problem is polynomial if λ ≤ 4 and it is NP-complete for λ > 4. The boundary is shifted by one prior to the vertex distance labeling problem, which has already been solved. Polynomial cases are characterized as some special paths and cycles with a few additional vertices. To show NP-completeness we use a well-known NP-complete problem of Monotone not all equal 3-SAT. That section has four parts: One for odd λ, one for even λ and two more reductions for λ = 5 and λ = 6. 1
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Meze pro vzdálenostně podmíněné značkování grafů
Kupec, Martin ; Fiala, Jiří (advisor) ; Dvořák, Zdeněk (referee)
We study the complexity of the λ−L(p, q)-labelling problem for fixed λ, p, and q. The task is to assign vertices of a graph labels from the set {0, . . . , λ} such that labels of adjacent vertices differ by at least p while vertices with a common neighbor have different labels. We use two different reductions, one from the NAE-3SAT and the second one from the edge precoloring extension problem. 1
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Social problem of discrimination of African-Americans and its reflection in films
Genttnerová, Kristýna ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Kopecká, Anna (referee)
The topic of this thesis is a description of the social problem of discrimination of Afro- Americans in the USA with a focus on the reflection of racism in films. To introduce the social problem the thesis considers itself with such terms as race or ethnocentrism. It focuses on stereotypes, discrimination and prejudice and on their forms and their ways of formation and reproduction. It shows the impact of racism on Afro-Americans and on American society as a whole and it uses theories of secondary deviation, stigmatization and self-fulfilling prophecy to describe the impact. The thesis presents the main events of American racial history and it introduces the spheres of institutional racism - housing, education, employment, legal justice and media and political representation. The second part of this thesis focuses on specific area of media discrimination - on film. It describes historical development and changes of Afro-American characters and topics in film throughout the 20th century. It presents three films to illustrate particular historical film periods. It explores this evolution in relation to political, social, cultural, technological and especially economic changes. On one hand this thesis perceives film as a mirror of the society, on the other hand it presents film as a potential tool for...
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Phenomenon of stigmatization in communication between nurse and the patient
TROJANOVÁ, Hana
This bachelor thesis is focused on phenomena of stigmatization in communication between a patient and a nurse. A term of stigmatization represents thinking in stereotypes and a general attitude with a predetermined vision, which is usually not based on reality. These prejudices appear in the field of communication. It is about connecting negative features and treating with inappropriate naming. Acting like this can lead to social isolation. This bachelor thesis maps a problem of stigmatization and possible using of so-called "stickers" in communication between a patient and a nurse within a nursing process. The research survey was focused on the awareness of nurses about the term of stigmatization and also it was investigated what attitude nurses occupy towards patients who could be, thanks to their difference, much more compromised by this phenomena. That was the reason why the research survey included obese patients, patients with psychic disorders, also homeless clients, national minorities, patients recovering from alcohol or drug addiction and last but not least those who have any kind of physical disability. In this bachelor thesis we focus also on how these clients perceive the cooperation with nurses during the hospitalization, if they registered any differences in communication with them and other patients and we will be also interested if they have met with the use of stigmatizing terms and in what form.
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Uncoated cemented carbides
Benešovský, Radek ; Sedlák, Josef (referee) ; Humár, Anton (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the uncoated cemented carbide used in the manufacture of cutting tools. There is an overview of the most frequently used tool materials in the first part. The second part describes history, sorting, labeling and physico-mechanical properties of uncoated cemented carbides. The last part is focused on products of Pramet Tools, Sandvik Coromant, Seco Tools, Ceratizit, Walter and Iscar and their comparison in terms of cutting speed.
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The Cadastre of real estates and method of real estate labeling in the cadastre of real estates
DĚDINA, Jan
This thesis entitled the Cadastre of real estates and method of real estate labeling in the cadastre of real estates deals with the cadastre of real estates (in English also called the land register) and registration of real estates into the cadastre of real estates. Each real estate is labeled by the designated authority, which is called the Cadastral Office or Cadastre Office. This thesis presents structured summary of the whole cadastre system, its functions and scope of its activity. Considerable part of the thesis is dedicated to comparison of two cadastral acts, effective Cadastral Act and New Cadastral Act which will probably become effective since January 1st 2014. Most of the thesis is based on current legislation, primarily Cadastral Act (Act No. 344/1992 Coll. on the Land Register of the Czech republic) and Act on Property and other Rights in Rem Registration with Real Estate Register (Act No. 265/1992 Coll. on Property and other Rights in Rem Registration with Real Estate Register).
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Evolution of social perception of people with handicap in Grade school for children with special needs of teaching
MITÍSKOVÁ, Jana
Title of the thesis: The target of my dissertation is the qualitative research based on grounded theory in which I am trying to detect the development of social perception of disadvantaged pupils at ?Základní škola praktická? in Milevsko. In the theoretical part I am giving a definition of terms ? social perception, perceptions´mistakes, stereotype, labeling, stigmatization, communication, mental handicap and memory, episodic memory and autobiographical memory. The target of the methodical part is to clarify the basics of grounded theory by using the methody of half-structured depth interview and observation. After implementation of qualitative research I want to summarize the discovered patterns of social perception and to find the movements in the field of social stereotypes in the specialists´approach to disadvantaged pupils.
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Stigmatization of Mentally Ill in the Present Society
CHODOROVÁ, Alena
The work deals with the problem of stigma creation among mentally ill people in the contemporary society. A group of people with mental illness is determined by defining the terms of mental health and mental illness. The consequences of the illness on the quality of life are described. A history of mental health care and the development of the opinions on the group of mentally ill people are mentioned. The problems of stereotypical attitudes to mentally ill are dealt with, together with the importance of impact of stigmas on the personality of the mentally ill and their environment. In the last part the possibilities of shifting off the stigmas are eliminated, respecting the experience in the field of mental health care abroad.
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Labeling of mental ill people
KREJČOVÁ, Ema
Labeling of mental ill people The mentally disturbed people are still nowadays afraid of theire illness. By then they don´t either concede, that they need help from psychiatrists. They become so anxiuos, that they could be legitimately, stigmatized by the rest of the people, which means, that could be labelled as irresponsible, dull, incalculate and dangerous. In Czech Republic it still happens, that as a result of labeling people find hard to get and mantain theire jobs, housing and overvaluation of illnes by doctors. In Czech Republic there is still not a specific law, which could safeguard the rights of mentally ill people hence make it easier for intergrating them. The aim of this thesis, which was dividen into three partial aims, was to map problems of mentally ill people. In my opinion, this aim of work was fulfilled To it´s fulfillment it was composed with two questionnaires. The first inquiry survey was done on the students from University of Southern Bohemia, by which was tested the knowledge of probles of mentally ill people and their attitude towards these people. The second group of surveyed inquiry have been comprised of psychiatristic clients in České Budějovice and Písek, by which was established their personal point of view about the extent of labeling that is reverberating in their qualiy life. The achievement of the aims was based on three the hypothesis. The first one was about the personal view of clients on experienced stigmatization, which is beeing noticed by the stages of discrimination in their quality way of life. The second one was engaged in insufficient knowledge of students based on law statues of mentally ill people and the third one on integration of mentally ill people into other population. Only the first hypothesis was validated.
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