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The heat transfer medium in heating systems
Michalíčková, Iveta ; Blasinski, Petr (referee) ; Počinková, Marcela (advisor)
Theme of diploma thesis is the heat transfer medium in heating systems. The thesis is departed to three parts. In the first part, there is a theoretical solution of heat transfer mediums. In the second part, there is a calculation solution of the project. Project solves heating of the apartment building. There are two variants of heating source and water treatment. Those variants are compared. The last part is experimental part. Theme of the experiment is quality of heating water in heating systems.
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EXTENDED METHODOLOGY FOR WATER RESOURCES AND WATER-RELATED ENERGY ASSESSMENT ADDRESSING WATER QUALITY
JIA, Xuexiu ; Ditl,, Pavel (referee) ; Dr hab. inż. Paweł Ocłoń, prof. PK (referee) ; Dr. Aoife M. Foley (referee) ; Varbanov, Petar Sabev (advisor)
Problémy s vodou, zejména její nedostatek a znečištění, ovlivňují každodenní lidský život a hospodářský vývoj. Globální změny klimatu zvyšují pravděpodobnost a četnost extrémních událostí jako jsou sucho a záplavy. Rostoucí problémy s nepravidelnou dostupností a znečištěním vody vyžadují pokročilejší metodiky hodnocení vodních zdrojů, které povedou k efektivnímu využití a hospodaření s vodou. Tato práce se zabývá rozšířenými metodikami pro hodnocení vody z pohledu její kvality a kvantity a pro hodnocení spotřeby energie a produkce emisí souvisejících s vodou. Tři hlavní metodiky jsou navrženy na základě konceptu vodní stopy (Water Footprint) a pinch analýzy vody (Water Pinch Analysis) pro posouzení kvantitativních a kvalitativních hledisek využití a spotřeby vody. Použití těchto metod je rovněž demonstrováno pomocí numerických a empirických případových studií zaměřených na hodnocení a optimalizaci využití regionálních a průmyslových vodních zdrojůDále jsou diskutovány souvislosti mezi vodou a energií (Water-Energy Nexus) za účelem analýzy problémů týkající se vody z širší perspektivy. Z pohledu vody a vodních zdrojů je provedeno počáteční zhodnocení energetické náročnosti a produkce emisí skleníkových plynů v problematice odsolování mořské vody. Výsledky prezentované v této práci navazují na současné metodiky hodnocení vodních zdrojů. Stopa dostupnosti vody (Water Availability Footprint) byla navržena pro zohlednění dopadu degradace kvality vody ve stávajících postupech pro posuzování nedostatku vody, ve kterých nebyla dříve řešena. Druhým přínosem této práce je návrh konceptu kvantitativní-kvalitativní vodní stopy (Quantitative-Qualitative Water Footprint - QQWFP), ve kterém je definována vodní stopa z pohledu nákladů a následně je stanovena v souvislosti s celkovými náklady na spotřebu vody a odstraňování kontaminantů, které se do vody dostávají v průběhu jejího využití. Vodní stopa založená na nákladech poskytuje výsledky, které jsou intuitivnější jak pro management vodních zdrojů tak i pro veřejnost. Tento přístup umožňuje lépe kontrolovat a řídit průmyslové a regionální využívání a správu vody. Třetím přínosem této práce je rozšíření pinch analýzy nedostatku vody (Water Scarcity Pinch Analysis - WSPA), ve které je aplikována pinch analýzy vody na makroúrovni se zaměřením na regionální hodnocení a optimalizaci zdrojů a využívání vody. Všechny tři navržené metody jsou zaměřeny na stanovení dopadů využití vody z hlediska jejího množství a kvality, analýzy QQWFP a WSPA také pokrývají dopady vícečetných kontaminantů. Kromě hledání řešení se tato práce také pokouší naznačit potenciální směry pro budoucí výzkum v dané oblasti. Mezi významná potenciální témata k diskuzi patří 1) pokročilejší metoda kvantifikace vlivu více kontaminantů a 2) implementace a analýza ekonomické proveditelnosti přístupů WSPA a QQWFP s lokalizovanými daty s cílem nalézt přizpůsobené řešení pro optimální využití regionální a průmyslové vody.
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Preparation of a laboratory assignment for the Ecology of production subject
Dovčík, František ; Vaněk, Jiří (referee) ; Bača, Petr (advisor)
The thesis deals with the quality of water in general as well as from the perspective of water pollution, wastewater and its treatment within the context of electrotechnical production. The thesis is based on the laboratory task in the practical part, which has been included in the Ecology of Production class. The laboratory task tests the selected indicators of water quality using titration and rapid tests. The thesis is based on the wastewater operation of a company producing PCB.
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Changes in rainfall-runoff regime and biogeochemistry in headwater areas
Fraindová, Kateřina ; Matoušková, Milada (advisor) ; Komínková, Dana (referee) ; Matschullat, Jörg (referee)
Headwater areas are a very important current or potential drinking water source. Their ecological value for the whole ecosystem is equally important. Headwater areas are sites with minimal anthropogenic intervention and usually the least polluted water sources. Changes in climate and rainfall-runoff (R-R) regime together with water quality in these areas affect the status and availability of water further downstream significantly. It is also one of the most sensitive areas and is an early indicator of ongoing changes. This thesis focuses on the main issues that are already ongoing and are affecting the availability of drinking water significantly. Some of these are trends in R-R regime in the context of the climate change and glacier retreat in headwater areas. As a very good example of a mid-latitude river with a complex rainfall-runoff regime, where a large impact of regional climate warming and glacier retreat are strongly manifested, The Athabasca River Basin was selected for this study. Related to this issue is the river water quality, which is influenced by changes in both temperature and R-R regime, together with the increasing occurrence of extreme hydrometeorological situations such as droughts and floods. The effects of land cover on water quality are also analysed, along with consideration of...
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Jakost vody vybraných rybníků v povodí toku Vydrica
Krajči, Filip
The diploma thesis is focused on the assessment of water quality in two successive ponds located on the Vydrica stream in the Malé Karpaty mountains. The analysis and subsequent assessment of water quality is based on field monitoring associated with the collection of samples and their subsequent analysis in the laboratory. The literary research deals with the assessment of water quality, the distribution of water, the distribution of protected landscape areas, but also the methods of management of ponds and the susitability of given ponds from the point of view of fish breeding. The literature review also contains a description of field monitoring indicators and laboratory determinations. The methodological part describes the principles of establishing field research and analysis of monitored water samples in the laboratory and the characteristics of sampling sites. The results obtained by field measurements and subsequent laboratory analysis were evaluated based on STN 75 7221 and Government Regulation No. 269/2010 Coll. After the evaluation, it was found that the water achieved the worst results, especially in the field of indicators reflecting organic pollution (BOD5, CHSKcr). Also, the content of elements such as total nitrogen and total phosphorus reached levels exceeding the limits of the worst class. These facts can further help in the management of the designated areas or in revitalization works in the vicinity, which are planned in the near future.
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Water quality analysis using colorimetry
Kovaldová, Eliška ; Zumberg, Inna (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the analysis of water quality using colorimetry. Part of the work is an introduction to the physical and chemical parameters of water, as well as optical methods, which include photometry, spectrophotometry and colorimetry, and an introduction to regression analysis. These methods and analysis are followed by a practical part by measuring pH, nitrate and water hardness using a spectrophotometer and an AS7262 visible light sensor with a SparkFun development board. At the end of the work there is a comparison of absorption spectra, calibration curves and linear regression parameters of both methods.
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Comparison of water quality of selected outdoor swimming pools
Kozová, Barbora ; Látal, Milan (referee) ; Biela, Renata (advisor)
In the first part, the thesis describes the classification of natural swimming pools according to their type and describes the assessment of their water quality. In the next part of the thesis, natural swimming pools in the South Moravian Region are listed, then several natural swimming pools are compared on the basis of data obtained from the Regional Hygiene Station in Brno. The work focuses on the comparison of water transparency, microbiological indicators, and water temperature. In the conclusion of the thesis, the water quality is evaluated on the basis of these data from the observed bathing sites during the bathing seasons 2020–2022.
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Spatial distribution of eastern ground beetles in the pond
KADLEC, Bohdan
Stone Moroko is one of the non-native fish species in our territory. It is a small carp fish whose origin is in Asia. In many places in the Czech Republic or in abroad, their presence cause damage. The aim of my Bachelor Thesis was to find out more about the behaviour of this weed fish. We were interested to know, how far from the shore it stay. Whether its activity is more intense during the day than at night. Whether the fish appear more at the surface or at the bottom. There were performed 5 measurements on the Kvítkovice pond, each took 24 hours. The measurements were carried out from June till October 2021. The pond was divided into 5 different parts A, B, C, D, E. Piles were used to obtain samples. These were located at the different distances from the shore. In some places, where the depth of the water allowed it, 2 piles were used. One was placed on the bottom and the other one on the surface. Samples were also collected by using a throwing net. At each of the localities A, B, C, D, a throwing net was thrown 5 times in the area of the littoral. Site E was located in the middle of the pond, so catching by the throwing net did not take place here. Water sampling was also monitored at 6 different locations for each sampling. We managed to catch in total 50 fish using a throwing net and 267 fish by using the piles. Four species were represented: Stone Moroko (Pseudorasbora parva), Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), Brown Bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) and Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio). Our results show that the activity of weed fish species is higher during the day than at night. We managed to catch 75% of the samples during the day, but only 25% during the night. The Stone Moroko remained more at the bottom, unlike the Pumpkinseed, which occurred mainly at the surface. There was a statistically significant decrease in the number and weight of Stone Moroko with increasing distance from the shore. However, this trend has not been statistically confirmed for variegated Pumpkinseed. The Stone Moroko preferred localities A and C. Pumpkinseed preferred localities D and E. Site B was equally preferred by both species. The most suitable months for obtaining samples are July, August and September. The calculated fish biomass in July was 2.07 kg.ha-1, in August 8,079 kg.ha-1 and in September 2,964 kg.ha-1.
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