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Význam revitalizace odvodněných rašelinišť pro nápravu vodního režimu a zachování biodiverzity rašelinišť v šumavské krajině
Správa NP a CHKO Šumava, Kašperské Hory ; Zelenková, Eva ; Mikulášková, Eva ; Stíbal, František ; Bufková, Ivana
Jedním z hlavních úkolů projektu je analýza hydrochemických poměrů na odvodněných a neodvodněných ombrotrofních i minerotrofních typech rašelinišť. Dalším cílem projektu VaV je vyhodnocení vlastní reakce rašeliništních ekosystémů na provedená revitalizační opatření, včetně širších hydrologických vazeb v rámci povodí. Základní přístup pro realizaci spočívá především v pokračování detailního monitoringu sledovaných odvodněných rašelinišť nastartovaného předchozím projektem VaV SL1/21/04. Tento monitoring je zaměřen na sledování hladiny podzemní vody na rašeliništi a jejího chemismu, které vypovídají o stabilitě vodního režimu a intenzitě rozkladných/degradačních procesů v rašelinném humolitu. Je uveden přehled monitorovaných ploch včetně abiotických parametrů, které byly sledovány. Výsledky projektu bude využívat správa NP a CHKO Šumava jako zpětnou vazbu při realizaci revitalizačních projektů.
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Chemism of surface waters in small watersheds of the upper part of Stropnice river
BAXOVÁ CHMELOVÁ, Iva
Chemism of surface waters in four small watersheds of upper part of Stropnice River was studied from 2005 till 2007. The aim of this work was to consider the relations between different types of land-use and chemism of surface water. There were observed the concentrations of main ions and carbon in the surface waters in eight sample places which were measured monthly. The results were analysed with Repeated Measures ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc analyse was used for detail description. There were no differences between surface water chemisms in the upper parts of four streams. Watersheds in the upper parts are similar and can be considered as a close to natural landscape. In the lower parts of four streams which discharged different types of cultural landscape, significant differences in the water chemisms were found. Significant differences were observed also in the three streams in the water chemisms between upper and lower parts of the watersheds as a result of the land-use change. In the stream where land-use does not change between upper and lower parts of watershed, no differences in the water chemisms were observed. The results show positive relation between the chemism of surface water and land-use and possible effect of human impact on landscape ecosystem and its hydrological component.
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The algae of water basins i Novohradské hory
PLOCOVÁ, Alena
This thesis deals with six ponds, artificial snall lakes, (Mlýnský, Huťský, Pohořský, Uhlišťský rybník, Zlatá Ktiš a Kapelung) in the Novohradské mountains. They were studied at the interval of years 2004-2006. The basic hydrochemistries and variety of species of planktonic Algae and Cyanobacteria were analysed there. The volume of NH4-N was the highest in Mlýnský pond (20-76 ?g/l), which proves for a recent organic pollution. In other cases the rate was in range of 13-53 ?g/l. The most of NO2-N was again found in Mlýnský pond where its rate reached up to 420 ?g/l. The total amount of t-P was of the same rate in all the sites. It differed only slightly- 58-91 ?g/l. From the hydrochemical data follows that the most nutrients loaded is Mlýnský pond and the cleanest is Pohořský one The transparency (Seccki depth) of all the localities is also high (76-200 cm). It can be compared to the lakes of the Bavarian Forrest and the Bohemia Forest (Šumava). The proportion of N/P is usually between 7,0-29,8 (Chart 11), which shows evidence of limiting P (the most common limiting factor for phytoplankton in fresh waters). The total amount of found taxa (98) is comparable to e.g. lakes of the Bohemia Forest (260), this ara is however more explored. The largest amount of species is at Huťský pond (38) and the smallest one is at Uhlišťský pond (17). As a new species for the the Czech Republik was found Staurastrum arctiscon and Phaeospaera gelatinosa, than another interesting discovery is Vacuolaria penardii and Chloromonas nivalis (Scotiella nivalis). Also Dicranochaete sp. and Paulinella chromatophora are noticeable. The ponds of the Novohradské mountains are from the point ob view of hydrochemistry view unigue habitats. They make for refugium oligotrophic, rare and interesting species of Cyanobacteria and Algea and that is why they deserve proper protection.
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