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Vampires and Vampirism in archaeological publications in terms of taphonomy and forensic anthropology.
Drahošová, Michala ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Velemínský, Petr (referee)
The topic of vampires and vampirism raises a deep interest among literary authors, readers, the media, and the general public. This topic is also very important from the historical and archaeological point of view, such as when anti-vampiric measures used to be taken on dead bodies in the past. Lately, this topic has become a phenomenon in the interpretation of atypical funeral rites. This thesis deals with some archaeological cases that are interpreted as vampiric funerals. It is extremely important to make a taphonomic analysis, get high quality pictures, and photographic documentation of the particular situation for a non-standard and correct interpretation of the funeral. The knowledge of taphonomy, archeotanatologie and forensic anthropology allow for an explanation of some of the reported anti-vampiric measures in many of these cases. However, it is often difficult or even impossible to trace the detailed documentation of the published vampiric burials. Natural decay and geological processes play an important role in the interpretation of these causes, as well. Non-standard funerals can exist but, as this thesis concludes, it would be a mistake to immediately identify any atypical findings as a vampire without further examination and taphonomic analysis. It is important to revise old...
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Secular trend, inter-population variability and sex estimation with help of variables of human femur.
Švenkrtová, Iva ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Velemínský, Petr (referee)
Determination sex is one of the most important tasks in the identification of skeletal remains. Previous studies have shown that population differences in size and shape of femora can affect correct sex allocation. This thesis tested the discriminat functions generated from different populations and confirmed population specificity of the femur discriminant functions. Two samples of the identified adult femora for this project was used. First sample originates from the Czech population living in the 1st 20th century (78 males and 81 females) and second sample originates from the Czech population living in the 2nd 20th century (67 males and 35 females). Both samples also help us estimate the influence of secular trend of the femur'variables to the correct sex classification by discriminat functions calculated in the Czech population. The results showed the existence of the secular trend in femora size dimensions. Only the dimensions of the femoral head (vertical head diameter-F18, transverse head diameter-F19 and maximum diameter of the femoral head-MPH) and sagittal subtrochanteric diameter (F10) not chandged significantly during the 20th century. The secular trend has negatively influenced the correct sex classification, always for one subpopulation. Only the dimensions in which the secular trend...
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On the limits and possibilities of the stature estimating from hand and foot measurements (hand stencils and foot impressions).
Havránková, Jiřina ; Dobisíková, Miluše (referee) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor)
This bachelor essay explains view of methods for stature estimation based on hand and foot dimensions. It appears from this view that regression functions are population specific. I have assessed this fact on the collection of 100 French students and I have applicated specific chosen regression equations on the exact group. For stature estimation the most suitable regression equation was the one created by Agnihotri and col. (2008). It provides the best results in an interval 11 up to 12 cms regarding the actual height. For one of the equations, which is using the length of the left hand and the breadth of the right hand of men, the results of the estimation is even 6 cms regarding the actual height. At the end, I tried to calculate my own equations, which offers the estimation results between 6 - 7 cms for the formulas working with the hand length, the estimation results is between 12 - 13 cms for the formulas using the breadth of the arm.
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Imaging Methods in Antropology
KOBLASOVÁ, Věra
Abstract Imaging Methods in Anthropology. Anthropology, a science born in the 16th century, deals with humans. One of its branches is physical anthropology which includes forensic anthropology and osteology. The imaging methods in anthropology are indispensable tool for identification of the dead and for examination of mummies or other prehistoric bone material. Comparing of pre-death and after-death x-ray snapshots is essential for identification of human remains in forensic anthropology and odontology. The latest trend is 3D face reconstruction with the help of computed tomography. The aim of the thesis is: 1. To analyse all the methods available in the field of anthropology of the present time which use the radiology imaging methods. 2. To compare using of the computed tomography in the Czech Republic and other European countries. The data were obtained through questionnaires sent to anthropology institutes and museums dealing with photographing historical bone material and through searching and processing information focused on the topic of the theses. The results show that the imaging methods in anthropology are under-used. The anthropologists are fully aware of all available imaging methods but the methods are not used often enough because of financial and time consuming reasons. On the contrary to under-using the imaging methods in the Czech Republic the other European countries use the methods a lot more often. A hypothesis was established at the beginning of the research: ?All the available modern radiology imaging methods are not used enough in the Czech Republic. The hypothesis was confirmed. I would like to present the results of the theses at the specialist?s seminars of radiology assistants and to point out the possible further use of radiology imaging methods.
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