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Music in ritual. Ritual of Music.
Švandová, Michaela ; Tyllner, Lubomír (advisor) ; Traxler, Jiří (referee)
This dissertation deals with ritual and its connection to music. The objective of the research and the studies of selected rituals is to describe the relations between ritual and the music- dance elements within it. The dissertation focuses on musical expression. In the dissertation we describe a few traditional rituals from the European cultural heritage, and also some selected examples of secular ceremonies in relation to them. Sources of information include field research, studies of authentic ritual (filmed by Lubomír Tyllner), as well as specialist literature. The concept of "ritual" means, for us, a performance, a symbolic activity, the aim of which is to create and to consolidate social bonds, and to regulate, conserve and transmit social habits and manners. It prescribes behavior which should help an individual to win favour with supernatural powers, or which could have a positive effect on achieving an intended goal. The important part of the ritual is the concept of "liminality", and in addition "The communitas" status of the community. Victor Turner, who studied these aspects of ritual in detail, distinguished the term "ritual" from "secular ceremony" by the existence of liminality. In ritual and secular ceremony music performs many functions, and seems to be a very essential part of...
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Funeral ceremony in the second half of the 20th century
Šafránková Šídová, Erika ; Vaněk, Miroslav (advisor) ; Urbášek, Pavel (referee)
Death is an ever-present fact in human life and it affects its life course. Stable form of funeral ritual is developed from the need for reconciliation with one's own mortality and loss of loved ones. Traditional funeral ceremony based on combination of lore and Christian ritual had changed due to changes in political and social life during the 20th century. Probably the biggest effect had the administration of communist party which lasted for 40 years and which used funeral ceremony as propaganda of its regime. The struggle with traditional Christian funeral was connected with an open fight with church as such and was caused by communist effort to dominate social life. Instead of traditional Christian funeral communism proclaimed cremation as an anticlerical burial option. Effects of communism then developed new funeral rituals. This text is motivated by the effort to identify perception of death and its changes in Czech republic in the second half of the 20th century, using literary and oral sources. It searches for an answer to the question of whether communist regime changed funeral ritual and tries to identify it in taped oral sources.
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Modern Weddings in Belgrade and Prague
Igić, Vanja ; Otčenášek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Petráňová, Lydie (referee)
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to show contemporary wedding customs in Belgrade and Prague on the background of typical Old Serbian and Old Czech wedding. The thesis primarily thoroughly deals with the characterization of wedding customs which lasted to this day and therefore became a part of modern weddings. Simultaneously it tries to depict similarities and differences in traditions of both of the described regions. The method of describing the modern marriage culture is based primarily on analysis of traditional wedding components and at the same time is interspersed with results of the questionnaire survey. The analysis shows that even though many of the old customs preserved they are being often practiced in an altered form and some of them even lost their original meaning and character.
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Nikita I. Tolstoy and Moscow school of ethnolinguistics (characteristics and translations)
Bauerová, Jana ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Mistrová, Veronika (referee)
This thesis comprises translations of five articles by the Russian ethnolinguist Nikita Iljich Tolstoy, some of which deal with the theory of the ethnolinguistic approach to language and the Slavic culture and others demonstrate a practical application of such an approach and such methods on the traditional Slavic culture. They present this approach as a continuous development of linguistic research which draws on the rich tradition and at the same time transcends its past and enriches it with new points of view. This also constitutes a unique way of preserving the legacy of our ancestors while simultaneously showing it in a new light. Aside from the translations the present thesis also includes an introductory study dealing with general characteristics of ethnolinguistics, its goals, subject, methods, and various schools of thought. In addition, chapters are included introducing the scientific work of N. I. Tolstoy and other members of the Moscow School of Ethnolinguistics. Present are also notes and comments on the translation, clarifying terms from the Russian cultural tradition not necessarily familiar in the Czech environment and explaining certain terms that may be difficult to translate.
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Nestinars in southeastern part of Bulgaria
Svobodová, Eva ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Štěpánková, Jana (referee)
Diploma thesis Nestinars in southeastern part of Bulgaria focuses on the material and spiritual culture of Nestinars, a small group of people living in region of Strandja. The body of work describes in detail the specific phenomena of spiritual culture, which cut across the structure of traditional and contemporary Bulgarian folk customs. It describes ceremonies that are part of the clan, family, annual festivals and church calendar. Nestinars as a subculture, whose socio-cultural negotiations and ideas to some extent differ from the majority of the Orthodox population, they are perceived externally as part of it. In this work we meet with traditional clothing, folklore music and holy sacrifice. The parallel with the Greek rite anastnaria is mentioned in the work as well. Both groups represent a traditional ceremony where believers show their devotion to the saints by dance and walking on burning wood charcoal. Keywords nestinars - social group tradition - the transmission of customs and beliefs from generation to generation usually in framwork of certain culture or social group ceremony - a formal religious or public occassion, typically one celebraing particular event or anniversary; or ritual observances or procedures performed at grand and formal occassions to keep group's norms and values of...
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Analysis of funerals in the city of Brno from 2002 to 2012
ZOUFALÁ, Eliška
The main aim of the thesis is the organising of the social funerals if the organiser is the municipality. And thus the Brno municipality which is divided into quarters. These city quarters pursue through the agency of social divisions the administration of the social funerals. In the bachelor's thesis I deal with terms related to social funerals. I characterize the possibilities of burials at these days, the way and procedure of burying in the case of the social funeral. In the practical part of the thesis I struggle to answer the question whether is there the falling or the rising of social funerals in the city of Brno. I decided to employ a quantitative research and the method of a questionnaire survey.
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The National Customs Relating the Liturgical Year within the Region of Ostrožsko
BROŽOVÁ, Eva
The thesis focuses on the national customs and their interrelation with the liturgical calendar. My aim is to describe and reflect on each of the customs and traditions, those still kept existing and also those these days reminded only by word of mouth within the liturgical year. The region of Ostrozsko is introduced in the first part. There are highlighted basic facts and brief history of single villages in this area. The second part of my thesis aims to define liturgics and also significant feasts of liturgical year are closely described here. Both the first and second part interrelate in the third chapter. I focus on religious aspects of the feasts, how the traditons and customs complement one another relating religion of this area. I also refer to customs which did not survive and on the other hand those that are still popular within the whole region.
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