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Monitoring of air quality in the Ostrava industrial agglomeration
Krejčí, Blanka ; Dombek,, Václav (referee) ; Holoubek,, Ivan (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
Presented thesis deals with the evaluation of air quality in Ostrava industrial area, especially with regard to highly concentrated suspended particles and sorbed on them toxic polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Their above-limit concentrations are the main cause of negative effects on the health of humans and other organisms in one of the most outstanding European "hot- spot"regions, in the industrial agglomeration of Ostrava. The first part of the work is devoted to the evaluation of pollutant concentrations and contributions of identified types of air pollution sources in the wider influence area of a large industrial source in the Ostrava region. It was confirmed the concentrations of all pollutants show very significant inter-seasonal differences between the warm and cold parts of the year. The measured concentrations of PAHs in the cold season were 3 to 5 times higher than in the warm season. Less pronounced differences in concentration levels were seen between day and night samples. The air-pollution load was highest at the Radvanice site, compared to Vratimov and the background area of Poruba. The pollution caused by suspended particles originating from the emissions of the industrial complex in the annual scale contributes significantly to the resulting air quality image on the site, but is not an exclusive source. Other identified sources of the contributions to the PM2.5 concentrations are regional sources and operating seasonally sources (local heating). The second part of the thesis is an assessment of the character and regularities of air mass transmission in the ground-level layer of the troposphere in the Czech-Polish border area, as regional and long-range pollution transport plays a significant role, manifested in the resulting reduced air quality. The contribution of cross-border pollution sources is an important component of often alarming concentrations of atmospheric pollutants, especially during winter smog situations. It was shown within the northeast steady flow is dominated by the shift of higher concentrations of suspended particles from Poland to the Czech Republic. On the other hand, with the opposite prevailing direction of steady flow, particle concentrations on the Polish side of the territory are not increasing dramatically. At least half the year there are situations with variable wind direction, or low flow velocities during which the entire area on both sides of the border there are maximum concentrations of particles, including sorbed polyaromatics with the most serious health effects.
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System for Opening a Window Based on the Temperature and CO2 Concentration in the Room
Jůza, Tadeáš ; Bardonek, Petr (referee) ; Tisovčík, Peter (advisor)
The purpose of this work is to enable an automated maintenance of fresh air in a room. Using automated ventilation, so the smallest possible heat losses occur. The data from sensors of indoor and outdoor temperature, CO2, humidity, and window opening status have been collected and analyzed. Then a suitable algorithm has been selected to accomplish the required values. The program also contains an algorithm for predicting the system's behavior so the controlled appliances (window and heating) work together appropriately.
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Ventilation Control Unit with Radio Time Synchronization
Barták, Jiří ; Šimek, Václav (referee) ; Tříska, Vít (advisor)
Project's primary objective was to create ventialtion control unit, which synchronizes its time through radio signal. Delivering power into fans is based on dew points calculated from data obtained on both sides of circumferential wall. The most important parts of this unit are microcontroller MC9S08DZ60, sensor SHT11 and DCF77 receiver. There is SD card socket on the inner printed circuit board for data recording purposes. I am working with the card on file system layer. The control unit uses USB socked as well to be able to communicate with PC. I have decomposed firmware of control unit into small modules at the start of development. Those modules are: MCU to MCU communication, USB communication, measuring temperature and relative humidity using SHT11 and extracting time information from DCF77 signal, all written in C. After these modules were tested, i have put them together. I have also written a PC application in Java. It is used to communicate with control unit and to process recorded data. Benefits of the control unit cannot be evaluated without long-term observation.
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IoT air monitoring
Kousal, Martin ; Povalač, Aleš (referee) ; Frýza, Tomáš (advisor)
The purpose of this bachelor work is to make a device that can measure air quality parameters and send them wirelessly to the server, where that measured data are processed and then shown to the user. The aim is to create a device with the lowest possible power consumption for the possibility of battery operation.
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Analysis of air quality around selected energy devices
Páll, Marek ; Ondroušek, Luděk (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
My thesis deals with analysis of air quality close to power devices and with rating of emissions caused by these devices. In the work there are listed laws and regulations, which relate to the rating of indoor and outdoor air quality. Further, there is a briefly clarified problem of pollution, outdoor air pollution and methods of measurement of pollutants. Main characteristics of workplace climatic conditions and their permissible limits are classified and characterized. Areas where the analysis was done are specified and there is mentioned a brief course of the measurement. In further parts are stated results of measurements done close to the boiler, where natural gas is burned, and a boiler, where wood chips are burned. The last part is dedicated to evaluation of emissions measurement results.
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State of the art in the field of industrial waste gas cleaning
Kudela, Petr ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of cleaning of industrial waste gases. The legislation background of environmental protection, the role of BREF and current situation in the field of emission limits in the light of legislation of the Czech republic and the European union is described in the first part. Further the thesis displays short overview of the industrial waste gases cleaning technologies and the particular example of the evolution of emission limits is given. In the conclusion of the thesis there are the future planned changes of the BREFs shown and the gained knowledge is summarized.
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Spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosol in urban and rural environment
Bendl, Jan ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Mikuška, Pavel (referee) ; Vojtíšek, Michal (referee)
Air quality in Europe remains a significant environmental concern, affecting the health and quality of life of its population. While stationary network ambient air quality monitoring allows for the observation of main trends, it is not fully representative of personal exposure of citizens due to high spatio-temporal variability of atmospheric aerosol. Therefore, highly time-and- space resolved measurements with state-of-the-art instruments and methods are needed to observe the aerosol variability, dynamics, identify hot-spots, and pollution sources, which are necessary for successful targeted mitigation measures. This thesis addresses this gap focusing on the characterization of spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosol in inhabited environments. Novel mobile measurement systems were developed and employed to investigate diverse environments, including rural, urban and suburban area. Aerosol source-apportionment were conducted, and the toxicological effects associated with these environments were also investigated. A novel mobile measurement system was developed for personal exposure measurements and pollution mapping in urban and rural environments. The system was used to measure air quality in the Munich subway, revealing high aerosol dynamics with significantly higher concentrations of...
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Vegetation effects on ambient air quality alongside the motorways
Kučera, Lukáš ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Lhotka, Radek (referee)
The bachelor thesis is a literature search on the removal of pollutants emitted by traffic with the use of vegetation barriers along public roads. The aim of the thesis is to investigate the reasons leading to contradictions existing in the literature about the effectiveness of vegetation barriers. It explores which type and structure of vegetation barrier is the most effective in removing pollutants from the air. On the basis of the conducted research and available data, it determines whether it makes sense to consider introduction of vegetation barriers along H6 Úlibice-Hořice and H7 Hořice-Sadová, the segments of the D35 highway. The first part of the paper outlines that the effectiveness of a vegetation barrier is influenced by a number of factors such as the wind speed and its direction, precipitation summary, vegetation density,itś height and species composition or dimensions of vegetation barriers itself. For this reason, there is no general type or structure of vegetation barrier that improves air quality, and it is therefore essential to desingn such barrier on a site-specific basis. The reason for negative impact of some vegetation barriers on air quality was due to their improper design. The second part of the thesis deals with the suitability of planting vegetation barriers on selected...
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IoT air monitoring
Kousal, Martin ; Povalač, Aleš (referee) ; Frýza, Tomáš (advisor)
The purpose of this bachelor work is to make a device that can measure air quality parameters and send them wirelessly to the server, where that measured data are processed and then shown to the user. The aim is to create a device with the lowest possible power consumption for the possibility of battery operation.
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Air quality in schools
Hromádka, Jiří ; Braniš, Martin (advisor) ; Hůnová, Iva (referee)
A lot of scientific articles were published about the indoor air quality during the last decade. It is proven that high concentrations of particulate matter and problems connected with poor ventilation conditions can cause health effects to people who are sensitive to them. Children are one of the groups at risk. They spend a lot of time at home and also at school, so the air quality at schools is an important issue. This work contains a review of scientific papers concerning this issue. It discusses the factors influencing indoor air quality, mainly concentration of particulate matter and carbon dioxide. Other factors were also chosen: the age of the school building and its location, the seasonality, the number and level of activity of pupils, floor carpeting and the amount of air circulation in the classrooms. The preliminary study tries to prove these theories. The concentration of PM10 and CO2, the temperature and the relative humidity were measured in three classrooms at one primary school in Prague. The results show that higher concentration of particulate matter is correlated with higher level of activity of pupils. Also poor ventilation leads to the higher concentration of carbon dioxide and poor air quality. It was proven that there is a minimal correlation between indoor and outdoor...
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