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Significance of Victimology for the Prevention of Crime
Macurová, Eliška ; Vanduchová, Marie (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jiří (referee)
Thesis title: Significance of Victimology for the Prevention of Crime The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the significance of victimology for the prevention of crime and to provide a summary of the basic victimological recommendations victims should remember in case they get into threatening situations. The thesis consist of seven chapters including an introduction and a conclusion. The introduction describes the concept of the thesis and defines objectives, which the thesis should aim at. The following chapter is dedicated to victimology that comprises a scientific study focused on victims of crime: its short development, as well as its basic terms which are crucial for handling the issue. Attention is also paid to the definition of a victim and aggrieved person in Czech law and offers comparsion of those concepts. The basic typologies of the victims are also mentioned. The third chapter provides a comprehensive interpretation of the prevention of crime, first defined in general. The second section of this chapter focuses on the different types of prevention and their interaction and context. The fourth chapter deals in more detail with victimological prevention, which is crucial for the purposes of my research. After an initial explanation of the term, is given an overview of the different...
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Assistance to victims of crime
Bechtinová, Natálie ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
The chosen topic for this MastersThesis is "Assistance to Victims of Crime" - primarily due to its growing social significance. Society as a whole should not turn a blind eye to the serious impact of crime, focusing only on the punishment of convicted criminals; it should also focus on assistance to those harmed and affected by crime. Criminals usually commit crimes with a strong conscious awareness of their misbehaviour, while victims have no similar expectation; for them, a criminal event is like something "out of the blue". The shocking and traumatic impact following the crime, is something unbelievable for one who never had such an experience; hence, the return back to normal life is often very difficult for victims of crime. A society which aspires to be modern and developed should make this return as easy as possible, implementing a series of measures in the field of assistance. My goal was to describe the possibilities which exist in this area but also to concentrate on the current legislation, especially on new rights being brought into practice by the new Victims of Crime Assistance Act No 45/2013 Coll. The Thesis consists of eight chapters including an Introduction and a Conclusion. The first part is dedicated to victimology, a part of criminology that comprises a scientific study focused on...
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Criminalistic theory of victims of crime
Komárková, Anna ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
Criminalistic theory of victims of crime Abstract This thesis focuses on learning about victims of crime. The aim is to present the doctrine of victims called victimology with a particular focus on criminalistic victimology. The content is divided into four major chapters. The first chapter is devoted to general victimology and explains the key concepts of this field, emphasizing their criminalistic use. Moreover, the chapter discusses the position and classification of this field of science among other disciplines, provides a brief historical insight into the development of this discipline, and finally presents ways of caring for victims of crime. The second chapter focuses on crime reporting from the perspective of the victim. First, it deals with the internal processes that the victim experiences after primary victimization, then lists the factors that motivate or discourage the victim from reporting crime, including potential fear of secondary victimization. The third chapter deals with the role of the victim in the investigation of criminal offenses, especially in the conduct of investigative acts. The victim interrogation and its specifics from the point of view of criminology, psychology and criminal law, as well as recognition and confrontation are discussed in detail in this chapter. Furthermore,...
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Criminalistics Study of Crime Victims
Valešová, Kristýna ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
1 Criminalistics Study of Crime Victims (Criminalistics Victimology) Abstract The submitted diploma thesis on the topic of criminalistics study of crime victims (criminalistics victimology) aims to acquaint its readers with victimology, its basic concepts and the legal development of the position of victims in Czech, European and international law. Furthermore, it aims to provide an insight into the subject of criminalistics victimology. The thesis is divided into introduction, five chapters and conclusion The first two chapters of the thesis focus on the definition of the basic terms of victimology, as understanding these terms is necessary for further content of the thesis. The thesis then provides a brief description of the development of victimology. It also focuses on the topic of victimization of victims - primary, secondary and tertiary. Part of the thesis describes the evolution of victims' rights in the Czech Republic and the European and international law, because the victim has long been an unknown term for legal systems. Vulnerable victims and the specifics of their treatment are mentioned in the second chapter as well. In the chapters which are devoted to criminalistics victimology, the thesis first deals with the victim as the originator of material and memory forensic traces. The chapters...
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Assistance to victims of crime
Novotná, Anna ; Mulák, Jiří (advisor) ; Šelleng, Dalibor (referee)
Assistance to victims of crime Abstract This master's thesis deals with the assistance to crime victims and it is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the theory of victims and defines its basic terms such as primary and secondary victimization. It also describes the history of the victim and points out the most common stereotypes in the area of attitude to victims. The main part of the thesis describes the legislation. It deals particularly with the Victims of Crime Act which strengthened the victim's position in criminal proceedings and extended their rights. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the definitions of the victim and the vulnerable victim that are contained in the act. Consequently, the purpose is to compare the terms of the victim as a subject of a special care and the injured party as a subject to criminal proceedings. The fourth chapter thoroughly analyzes the six fundamental rights of the victim, which are enshrined in the Victims of Crime Act. The thesis points out that the right to information, which on the other hand means an information duty for the Police of the Czech Republic, law enforcement authorities and entities registered in the register of aid providers, is not pursued sufficiently. The police authority provides victims with the police caution of several...
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Criminalistic study of a victim of the crime (criminal victimology)
Kavková, Klára ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Criminalistic study of a victim of the crime (criminalistic victimology) Abstract This presented thesis puts at the forefront a victim of the crime and its importance within criminalistic victimology, the study about a victim of the crime. The role of the victim is important both at the beginning of the criminal offence as well as during its duration. The victim is also important factor at the notification of the criminal offence, its investigation and at the court hearing of the criminal offence. In this thesis, I put at the forefront the relationship between a victim and an offender, which may exist in such a superficial range or on the contrary they may be really close to each other. There is also outlined in which extent the victim is participating on the creation of tracks, or if is their bearer. The thesis deals with a victim as a notifier of criminal activity - which reasons that lead to its (non-) notification. The major part of this thesis shall be described as part of a victim on the investigation of a criminal offence, mainly its role during the interrogation of itself, but also during the confrontation and the recognition. Another non-less important aspect of this thesis is help for victims of the criminal offence, as well as financial, social and psychological. At the end, the legal regulation...
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Significance of Victimology for the Crime Prevention
Stránská, Eva ; Vanduchová, Marie (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to provide an information about victimology, its history, on what issues this field of study focuses and what knowledge it provides. Then it is about analysis of whether and how it is possible to use this knowledge for the field of crime prevention and whether it is possible to take more effective preventive measures oriented at the crime victims and what they are. This thesis is divided to introduction, conclusion and six chapters. For introducing the topic into a wider context, the first chapter deals with criminology as the overarching theme of victimology and crime prevention. The second chapter focuses on the criminality, what role victims have in it and what are the possibilities of its control. It defines a concept of crime and its basic characteristics. There is a description of the deference between actual, registered and latent criminality, and what mostly causes its latency. The third chapter provides detailed interpretation of the victimology. The history of this field is briefly described. The principal victimological concepts are defined here, such as victimity, victimization and also crime victims, their typology and differences from the injured party. There are also mentioned the victimology studies and their significance. In conclusion of this chapter...
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Assistance to victims of crime
Ježek, Jaroslav ; Cejp, Martin (advisor) ; Čírtková, Ludmila (referee)
The thesis is trying to understand matters of assistance to victims of crime in the Czech Republic primarily throught law 45/2013 Sb., about victims of crime. Author is trying to find a link between using of rights and institutes from the law and victimological concepts of typology of victims of crime and victimization. At the same time author is examing practical working of these rights and institutes. In theoretical part is also used concept of life course perspective, mainly for examing a return of the victims to ordinary life. The research is based on qualitative study with interviewing experts and study of relevant documents. So the view is mediated by workers in organizations for victims of crime. Author did not found a link between type of victims and use ratio of rights and institutes. In practise the Czech police is not working very well with information duty and citiziens do not know much about their rights. Author is giving some recommendations for improving system of assitance to victims of crime to be more effective.
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Selected organizations helping victims of crime - their services and mutual cooperation
Gasčarov, Patrik ; Nová, Monika (advisor) ; Čedík, Miloslav (referee)
The diploma thesis was focused on "Selected organizations helping victims of the crime and their activities and cooperation". On the basis, it includes introducing the reader to how the victim is perceived in the Czech Republic, and what disciplinary discipline deals with it. In the theoretical part, I describe what kind of victimization we have and what types of persons are becoming the target of the offender's attack. Another chapter describes how the state apparatus in the field of assistance and help works in practice and what rights victims have on the territory of the Czech Republic. In this section I described the activities of the Police of the Czech Republic and the Probation and Mediation services. Then I have listed individual non- profit organizations which are helping victims. Research was made in three organizations, which is described in more details in the practical part of my diploma thesis. At the end of the theoretical part, I outlined 3 projects that are helping victims and also helping the public to inform them about available help. In the practical part, I realized qualitative research in the form of a structured interview with open questions. I made the research in the White Circle of Safety, Probation and Mediation Service, and the Citizens' Advisory. Ten respondents were involved in...
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