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The deficit of children skeletal remains in European cemeteries
Vejnarová, Rebeka ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Brzobohatá, Hana (referee)
This bachelor thesis seeks explanations for the deficit of juvenile skeletons on cemeteries of past populations. First we briefly describe the process of extinction of human populations in which the distinction between today's developed and developing countries is made. It is the age-specific mortality rate in developing countries, in particular the level of child mortality, which is very close to the mortality pattern of past pre-industrial populations. Then the research methods of child mortality in the past are outlined including their problems and obstacles. Subsequently, the causes which led to higher child mortality rate in the past are stated and the probable values of child mortality are found out from the available literature which uses the above mentioned methods. Particular attention is paid to the representation of children skeletal remains in cemeteries. Comparing the empirical number of children from twelve Central European cemeteries with theoretical values indicated that especially the youngest children are under-represented. Therefore, the thesis focuses on the explanation of this phenomenon by biological, cultural and methodological factors. On the basis of available data we conclude that the biological and physicochemical properties of child bones lead to poorer preservation of these...
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Burial-ground of Bylany Culture from Lovosice
Půlpán, Marek ; Salač, Vladimír (advisor) ; Koutecký, Drahomír (referee)
The work is concerned with the archaeological finds from Lovosice, Ustecky kraj, CR obtained in 2002. The major part consists of description and drawing documentation of 15 well-equipped from the Early Iron Age. Movable artifacts are analyzed typologically and chronologically. The funeral rite is evaluated in the frame of spatially-functional relations between human relicts and burnt offerings. Immovable finds are analyzed with respect to the parameters of holes, construction and things. In the same way the graves are categorized into the finding groups. The funeral site is evaluated with regard to the form, structure, total range and chronological trend. The main goal consists in a definition of evolutionary horizons of the funeral site and their comparison between Czech and Central European chronological systems. These horizons, in the future, can make one of the main pillars for evaluating grave and settlement finds of Hallstatt age in NW and C Bohemia. The area of Lovosice necropolis is interpreted as a site of central relevancy and the dead as elite with significant influence over the cultural and economic development of the region. Nowadays, Lovosice represents one of the richest, most widely researched and therefore most important funeral site of Ha C1 - Ha D1 in Bohemia. Keywords Hallstatt...
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An early mediaeval cementery by Mlékojedy whittin his regional context
Derner, Kryštof ; Štefan, Ivo (advisor) ; Tomková, Kateřina (referee)
The basis of the presented thesis is a description of an early mediaeval burial ground in Mlékojedy "Nad hřbitovem", which was discovered in the year 2007. Based on the grave goods, it is dated back from the beginnig of the 10th to the half of the 11th century. The relation of the grave goods to anthropological attributes of burried individuals shows namely an increase in ratio of equipped graves up to an early adulthood and then its gradual reduction.The arrangement of a grave was dependent on dating. The grave with an elite female gariture and the grave with weapons are compared with the similar ones discovered in hinterland of the Litoměřice fortification. A regular positioning of burial grounds on the left bank of the river Labe as early as at the beginning of the 10th century shows an early settlement of this area and allows to dicover the extent of the Litoměřice agglomeration.The author of this thesis proposes, that a simultaneous abandoning of the both known burial grounds in the Mlekojedy estates is an evidence for a transfer of the burial grounds closer to a sanctuary located in the center of the contemporary village. Key words Burial ground, early mediaeval, Mlékojedy, Litoměřice distr., 10th. century, 11th. century, earrings, weapons, social topography, history of settlement,...
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Českokrumlovsko in Bronze Age
PAVLÍČKOVÁ, Stanislava
The presented work sums up all existing knowledge about settlement in the Český Krumlov region from the Bronze Age. The main goal of this work was to create an inventory of all the sites and individual residential components. Another part is devoted to individual sites and sites sorted out by the type of location and by the period of the Bronze Age, when topographical characteristics such as distance from water courses, altitude and spatial relationships were monitored. This is followed by a summary of findings from the older, younger, middle and late Bronze Age. The next part compares contemporary district of Prachatice. In the last part, the author briefly discusses the relationship of the monitored area with the Upper Danube region and attempts to interpret the status of Český Krumlov in the South Bohemian region.
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The Burial Rite of Knoviz Culture in Bohemia
MIKLOVÁ, Vendula
The purpose of this thesis is to analyse in detail the burial rite of Knovíz Culture in Bohemia. The thesis focuses on religion, uniformisation of the burial rite, tumuli and flat graves, grave goods and burial rites. Special attention is paid to finds of human skeletons or body parts in settlements. Certain criteria are followed and compared in the prepared database of sites with the occurrence of human skeletons or their parts.
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Atypical burials in medieval Bohemia
HLADÍKOVÁ, Miroslava
Tthis presented work is focused on a issue of atypical burials in medieval Bohemia. There are groups of people and the reasons which they led a community to such an action at that time. This work contains a summary of selected sites with the mentioned specific graves. Analysis and evaluation of character and significance of atypical burials in a medieval community is a part of this work.
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