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PM Exposure in Climbing Gyms: Case study of two climbing walls in Prague
Bartošová, Nikola ; Bendl, Jan (advisor) ; Makeš, Otakar (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of high exposure of dust particles PM10, PM2.5 a PM1 in two specific climbing gyms in Prague. The source of these particles is linked to the use of magnesia alba that the climbers use to dry up the skin of their hands. The thesis analyzes the expected correlation between the dust particles concentration and the current number of visitors of the climbing gym. The dust particles are proven to have a negative effect on the health of individuals. The dust particles measured in this thesis are able to penetrate the respiratory tract. The size segregated aerosol was measured using DustTrak DRX. It is a laser nephelometer. In one of the gyms, a gravimetric analysis was performed, using a Harvard impactor that measures the PM10 concentration. All measurements were performed within the period of 20.4.2016 -5.2.2017. In the climbing center Mammut, the PM10 exposure was measured at 0,125 - 0,167 mg*m-3 , which could quadruple in the most frequented time periods. The climbing gym SmíchOFF measured the maximum levels of PM10 at 0,368 - 0,901 mg*m-3 . Both climbing centers exceeded the average daily imission limits for PM10 and PM2.5. From the health perspective, it is recommended to prevent such high exposure levels or lower the concentrations in the climbing gyms by suitable...
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Vliv emisí prachových částic a pachových látek z intenzivního výkrmu drůbeže na životní prostředí v okolí chovu.
COUFAL, Marek
This thesis is about evaluation of the influence of odorus substances and dust particles from intensive poultry farming to the environment. Measurement was done on a family farm near the forest in spring and autumn in 2017. The fattening of broilers is carried out there in four fattening halls with a total of 103,000 units. Poultry is fattened on the farm for 238 days during the whole calendar year after 7 batches. Sampling was carried out from one of these halls. The values obtained are ranged from 59 / m3 to 215 / m3 for odorous substances and particulate matter PM10 ranging from 0.061 mg to 0.0765 mg. PM2.5 dust particles showed values of 0.042 mg after 0.1535 mg. Evaluation of odorous substances was performed by the method of dynamic olfactometry according to the standard ČSN EN 13 725. The values obtained were ranged from 59 / m3 to 215 / m3. The range of production specific emissions was between 0.013828 and 0.298366 ( / / s). The PM10 particle emission production rate between 0,0000179 and 0,0001094 (mg / pc / year) and PM2,5 from 0,0000642 to 0,0001672 (mg / pc / year) was determined using the particulate measurement methodology. These data were compared with the relevant air pollution limits according to Annex No. 1 to the Act on Air Protection No.201 / 2012 Coll., Immission background in the locality and a dispersion study was prepared for them.
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Koncentrace tuhé znečišťující látky uvnitř stáje velkochovu drůbeže v závislosti na stáří drůbeže
DVOŘÁK, David
This thesis deals with the issue of air pollution, emission of solid substance in the large-scale poultry. Compares the level of surface contamination inside the breeding facility, depending on the age of the poultry. The measurements were carried out in accordance with the applicable methodology for the evaluation and the determination of the concentration of dust particles PM10 in the selected large-scale poultry. Measurement was carried out in a large-scale broiler Farma u lesa in Sudoměřice u Bechyně. The aim of this work was to obtain a measurement and then evaluate the data obtained. The measurements were carried out in two rounds to measure two size fractions of solid pollutants. The DUST TRAK 8530, borrowed by the faculty, was used to measure the solid dust particles in bulge. Further, the thesis also describes description and measurement methodology with this device.
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Koncentrace tuhých znečišťujících látek emitovaných do okolí velkochovů drůbeže.
BLAŽEK, Petr
In this diploma thesis I focus on poultry farms, as a source of dust particles, which are taken from the breeding establishment to the surroundings of poultry breeding. The first theoretical part of the thesis is focused on dust, dust particles and their sources, as well as on housing of poultry and on BAT technology. These particles can be dangerous not only for the animals but also for the staff working in the vicinity of the farm animals. In the second, practical part of the thesis, I focus on the measurement of dust particles PM10 using the DUST TRUK II measuring instrument in a selected broiler breeding facility, as well as on the processing of measurement results and comparison with hygienic regulations and already measured values.
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Urban street dust: mineralogy and shape analysis of aerosolized fraction
Lebedenko, Viktoriia ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Vodička, Petr (referee)
One important source of coarse particulate matter in urban atmosphere is the resuspended street dust. The aim of this study was to determine the emission potential of street dust samples, to conduct shape and mineralogical analysis of resuspendable fraction and on the bases of the findings carry out a comparison between the different sampling sites. The dust samples were collected in February 2014 in three cities: Ostrava, Prague and Pilsen. For the purpose of this study, nine samples from the selected sites were dispersed in a resuspension chamber. The samples were collected in the center of every city in the following locations: the main square, the tram railway and the curbside. Morphological and elemental analysis was performed using a Scanning Electron Microscope with EDS detector. The presence of mineral components such as quartz, chlorite, calcite, feldspar and kaolinite was observed. In samples from Ostrava were found spherical-shaped particles composed of iron oxides. The samples of Pilsen contained amphibole mineral fibers - actinolite. X-ray Powder Diffraction at high sensitivity showed the presence of amphibole asbestos in the samples from Ostrava and Prague. The mass of each size fraction of resuspended samples was determined. The mass size distribution was bimodal (2.5 µm and 8 µm),...
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Influence of local heating to PM10 levels in urban atmosphere
Píšová, Martina ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Škrabalová, Lenka (referee)
This master thesis evaluates the spatial variability of concentrations of PM10 on the area of towns Mladá Boleslav, Kosmonosy and small village Plazy during one month in the winter of 2013. Using a network measurements, we tried to determine whether sources of pollution are inside the city, or whether these harmful substances are transferred from the outside of the city to the area of the city. For the measurements we used a set of 9 portable laser nephelometers DustTrak (8520, TSI), which were placed on the roofs of schools. In the same time the device called beta-prachoměr (beta dust-meter) was continuously measuring concentrations of PM10, and we also monitored basic meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction). All these parameters were continuously measured at five minutes intervals. Also we did personal walks through the city, during which we measured personal exposure to PM10 concentrations. This exposure was compared with exposure of stationary monitors, and finally the differences were quantified. In Mladá Boleslav and in Kosmonosy, the same trend of concentrations of PM10 was observed at all selected locations in the city. Different trend of PM10 concentrations was observed in the village Plazy, where the peaks were higher and more frequent, especially in...
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Heat wave effect on mortality in summer 2003 and 2006 in Prague
Knobová, Veronika
Heat wave effect on mortality in summer 2003 and 2006 in Prague Bc. Veronika Knobová Abstract Background: During August 2003 and July 2006 there were observed records hight temperature and hight concentrations of pollutants across Europe. The effect of heat waves led to significant increases in total mortality, respiratory mortality and cardiovascular mortality. This study evaluates the association between exposure to heat waves and daily non- accidental mortality, respiratory mortality and cardiovascular mortality in Prague, Czech Republic. Methods: The effect of heat wave in summer 2003 and 2006 on mortality was investigated using the negative binomial regression (type of the Poisson model). Counts of death were regressed on temperature, humidity, long-term trends, season, day of week and concentrations of pollutants (O3 levels, PM10 levels, NO2 levels, SO2 levels, CO levels). We used 1 day lag. Results: We found association between heat waves in summers 2003 and 2006 and daily mortality and mortality on respiratory a cardiovasculary diseases. No statistically significant association was detected. The effect of heat wave was more significant in women. Conclusions: The effect of heat wave in August 2003 and July 2006 caused adverse effect on mortality in Prague, though lower as compared to many other...
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Personal exposure to PM10 of selected workplaces in a coal strip mine determined by experiment
Basslerová, Barbora ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Hůnová, Iva (referee)
This thesis compares the experimentally determinated values of PM1, PM2,5, respirable fraction and PM10 between the cab drivers and the outdoor walkway of the bucket wheel excavator in the brown coal strip mine Doly Nástup Tušimice between March 16 and March 23, 2015. For the measurement of individual fractions, portable laser nephelometers were used. Superiority of coarse aerosol was confirmed outside from the total measurement time accounted for 82 %. PM10 fraction predominated outside and changed throughout the day depending on the activity carried out by a worker. Regular cleaning by sweeping stretches of dunes had an impact on PM10 concentrations. Fluctuations in the concentration of PM1 were detected in the driver cab due to smokers stay at this workplace. For these reasons there is a concentration difference between work shifts. Air temperature and relative humidity were also monitored in both types of work places. The air temperature average values reached over the range recommended for the optimal working environment in the driver cab. The thesis finds out personal exposure of a bucket-wheel excavator driver which is below the limit for the total concentration. Smaller fractions appears to be a potentially health risk. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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MMěření emisí tuhých znečišťujících látek v intenzivních chovech drůbeže
ŠONKA, Jan
There is a large number of contaminants in the air coming from agricultural activities that affects our environment. One of the major producers of contaminants is caused by poultry farming. These agents can be called a carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and dust. The aim of this thesis is to determine the value of PM10 concentration in poultry farming. These particles can damage not only animals' health but also the one of farm staff, because they are able to get behind the respiratory tract. Measurements were carried out in a poultry farm in Sudoměřice u Bechyně according to valid methodology by measuring the emissions of dust particles in poultry for the integrated pollution prevention and control. The device used for measuring purposes was DUST TRAK 8530 II. The resulting values were compared with the ones that are listed in table 5.15 on page 157 of the document Final TWG meeting for review of the IRPP BREF.
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