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Responsive Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Krchová, Tereza
ABSTRACT This work is focused on the synthesis of a family of new macrocyclic ligands with exchangeable protons on coordinating groups that could potentially serve (after complexation with suitable paramagnetic lanthanide(III) ions) as responsive contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is expected that measurement of extracellular pH should bring information for tumorous disease diagnoses and/or for suggesting the most efficient treatment. Therefore, our attention was focused on pH-dependent CAs based on a PARAmagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (PARACEST) mechanism capable of reporting pH changes in tissue. The PARACEST-related properties of a series of Ln(III) complexes with the CEST effect caused by amino groups coordinated to the central Ln(III) metal ions were investigated. Such a kind of PARACEST CA is new and has had no precedent in the literature. It was shown that these Ln(III) complexes produce a pH-sensitive PARACEST effect in the pH region relevant for living systems. The study brings proof-of-principle for utilization of complexes with a linear diamine pendant arm, i.e. complexes with two exchanging proton pools, for ratiometric pH determination by MRI independently on the probe concentration. In addition, to ensure a higher kinetic inertness of the...
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The dispute over the unrealized marriage of Peter II. of Švamberk and Eliška of Žerotín
MUŠKOVÁ, Monika
Annotation The goal this bachelor theses The dispute over the unrealized marriage of Peter II. of Švamberk and Eliška of Žerotín is to describe the events, that happened after Ludmila Žerotín of Kolovrat had married her daughter Eliška to Ladislav Berka of Dubé in 1604. Peter II. of Švamberk was interested in Eliška since her early age, and her mother betrothed her to him. Švamberk perceived the marriage of his betrothed Eliška as a public shame, which he decided to solve by a trial. The first part thesis deals with the universal development of the nobility in the Czech Kingdom, their marriage strategies, how much was a choice of the partner a strategic verdict and what aspects played relevant role. In the second part, the thesis watches the course of the dispute at the wider royal council, the involvement of the participated people on both sides and the arguments of the individual sides. The theses will attempt to interpret the dispute in a context of researches of the aristocratic honor and free religious clashes, because unlike the evangalist Petr II. of Švamberk, Ladislav Berka was convinced catholic.
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The Themes of Courage and Death in the Anglo-Saxon Epic Beowulf
DROBIL, Jaroslav
This thesis analyses and interprets the famous Anglo-Saxon epic poem Beowulf with regard to two main topics of the medieval epic poetry: the topics of courage and death. Theoretical background contains a description of medieval epic poetry and its functions. Furthermore, the introduction contains a description of English medieval epic poetry in historical and religious context (perception of death and afterlife with regard to the mixture of paganism and Christianity, meaning of heroism and heroic virtues - loyalty, pride, honour, persistency, determination, suppression of fear, willingness to help, sacrifice). Another chapter focuses on the creation of Beowulf itself and on the content and the form. The analysis draws on the Czech translation by J. Čermák. It focuses on the hero of the poem and it tries to find particular examples of the above mentioned virtues in three important passages of the poem (the fights with Grendel, with his mother and with the dragon). Another section deals with the image of death (the topics of burial, fateful disasters connected with monsters, fights), the question of afterlife, and with the function of the cyclic structure of epic poems (the never ending cycle of life and death) The thesis also tries to interpret the literary influence of the poem and its topicality.
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The Crime of Defamation under Art. 184 Criminal Code
Leskovjanová, Tereza ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
1 The crime of defamation under Art. 184 Criminal Code Abstract This thesis deals with the wording and the role of the crime of defamation in criminal law. Since it is a minor offense due to the objective aspect of a criminal offense and the type of object it protects, and it has repeatedly been considered for removal from the Criminal Code for the last 15 years, the author posits whether the existing factual basis of defamation in criminal law is dispensable. The first chapter of this thesis deals with the fundamental right of preservation of human dignity, personal honor, and good reputation. The introduction and differentiation of the enumerated institutes are followed by a summary of the historical development of penal regulation regarding preservation of honor. It aims to record how the definition of the crime of defamation developed starting from the beginning of the First Republic to the present day, and at the same time to explore the most important reasons that led the legislators to retain the crime of defamation in the Criminal Code after the Velvet Revolution. In the central part of the thesis are following two chapters where the author deals with the current wording of the preservation of dignity and reputation in the Czech legal order and detailed characteristics of the factual basis of the...
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Responsive Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Krchová, Tereza
ABSTRACT This work is focused on the synthesis of a family of new macrocyclic ligands with exchangeable protons on coordinating groups that could potentially serve (after complexation with suitable paramagnetic lanthanide(III) ions) as responsive contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is expected that measurement of extracellular pH should bring information for tumorous disease diagnoses and/or for suggesting the most efficient treatment. Therefore, our attention was focused on pH-dependent CAs based on a PARAmagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (PARACEST) mechanism capable of reporting pH changes in tissue. The PARACEST-related properties of a series of Ln(III) complexes with the CEST effect caused by amino groups coordinated to the central Ln(III) metal ions were investigated. Such a kind of PARACEST CA is new and has had no precedent in the literature. It was shown that these Ln(III) complexes produce a pH-sensitive PARACEST effect in the pH region relevant for living systems. The study brings proof-of-principle for utilization of complexes with a linear diamine pendant arm, i.e. complexes with two exchanging proton pools, for ratiometric pH determination by MRI independently on the probe concentration. In addition, to ensure a higher kinetic inertness of the...
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The theme of honour in Don Quixote
Novotná, Soňa ; Sánchez Fernández, Juan Antonio (advisor) ; Doležalová, Barbora (referee)
The topic of the present Bachelor thesis is honour, in particular its two facets that are distinguished in Spanish by the terms "honor" and "honra", in the Spanish Golden Age, and specifically as described in two works of art - the novella The Life of Lazarillo de Tormes and of His Fortunes and Adversities by an anonymous author, and the novel The history of the valorous and wittie Knight-Errant Don-Quixote of the Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. The aim is to describe how this social topic is mirrored in these two texts, and how the authors treat it. The first part of my work describes the historical context and social climate, the perception of "honor" and "honra" in the Golden Age. The second part is devoted to capturing the reflection of this theme in either work of art.
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Responsive Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Krchová, Tereza ; Kotek, Jan (advisor) ; Marek, Radek (referee) ; Platas-Iglesias, Carlos (referee)
ABSTRACT This work is focused on the synthesis of a family of new macrocyclic ligands with exchangeable protons on coordinating groups that could potentially serve (after complexation with suitable paramagnetic lanthanide(III) ions) as responsive contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is expected that measurement of extracellular pH should bring information for tumorous disease diagnoses and/or for suggesting the most efficient treatment. Therefore, our attention was focused on pH-dependent CAs based on a PARAmagnetic Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (PARACEST) mechanism capable of reporting pH changes in tissue. The PARACEST-related properties of a series of Ln(III) complexes with the CEST effect caused by amino groups coordinated to the central Ln(III) metal ions were investigated. Such a kind of PARACEST CA is new and has had no precedent in the literature. It was shown that these Ln(III) complexes produce a pH-sensitive PARACEST effect in the pH region relevant for living systems. The study brings proof-of-principle for utilization of complexes with a linear diamine pendant arm, i.e. complexes with two exchanging proton pools, for ratiometric pH determination by MRI independently on the probe concentration. In addition, to ensure a higher kinetic inertness of the...
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Fights of Roma Teenagers Cultural Models of Violence
Trachtová, Zuzana ; Bittnerová, Dana (advisor) ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (referee)
This thesis focuses on the meaning of violence within groups of Roma youth. It discusses questions regarding how they understand, verbalise and reflect on violence. Answers to these questions presented in the work are based on long-term communication with Roma teenagers visiting a low-threshold club, where I worked. Afterwards, the research was carried out outside the club, in their private space and also in a boxing club. The Roma teenagers formed a fixed group, identifying themselves with a particular Prague district. The dialogues revealed an interesting topic of "fights" among Roma groups coming from different Prague districts. The aim of the thesis is to provide answers to the questions what teenagers are actually saying when they are talking about "fighting" one another, how they assess such behaviour and what meanings it carries for them. The theoretical part presents definitional frameworks concerning the term of violence as well as the concept of physical violence appearing in different socio-scientific contexts. In literature, violence is often referred to in connection with young people, gender, masculinity, social exclusion and honour. Furthermore, this part concentrates on defining the Roma minority and outlining their situation in Prague and the Czech Republic. The theoretical and...
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Dishonourable Townspeople of the Early Modern Times (Executioners and Knackers in Eastern Bohemia in the 17th Century)
Pultarová, Marie ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
The thesis deals with the theme of social groups of individuals, historically known as "disreputable people", among whom the executioners, knackers and bailiffs belonged. The main aim is to capture the social status of these people, who are historiographically considered as the individuals standing on the lowest rung of the social ladder. Detailed analysis of the sources of urban provenance is to show both the interaction of this group and its individuals with the rest of the urban community, especially with individuals considered as honorable, and also the everyday life of disreputable people in the urban environment. The thesis is divided into three parts, which are further thematically divided. The first part shows the theoretical and methodological level with an emphasis on previous studies dealing with the phenomenon of honor and also issues of discreditable people and of capital punishment. The following two parts contain an analysis of the situation of dishonourable people in the East Bohemian town of Pardubice in 17th century and because of the necessary comparison of regional differences, there was also the research of analogous conditions of another East Bohemian town Náchod included. Inside the urban society the professional functions of these individuals, their property background,...
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Contrast Agents for 19F-MRI
Špánek, Jiří ; Kotek, Jan (advisor) ; Hrubý, Martin (referee)
Noninvasive imaging methods, such as MRI, are one of the most used methods in today's medicine. New MRI techniques that are being developed focus on measuring 19 F nuclei or saturation transfer between 1 H nuclei signals of contrast agent (CA) and water molecule. For these purposes, it is advantageous to use complexes of paramagnetic metal ions, whose magnetic properties cause increased rate of relaxation and thus reducing acquisition time. In this bachelor thesis two new ligands L1 and L2 are prepared, whose complexes with metal ions, such as Cu2+ and Ni2+ , could find a potencial use as CAs in methods mentioned above.
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