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Problems of family integration into the care about a terminally ill client in home background
HLAVÁČKOVÁ, Kateřina
The theoretical part has six chapters: End of life and dying, Palliate care, Home hospice multidisciplinary team, Specific of care about a terminally ill patient in home background, Family and caregivers, Specifics of care about dying people in the CR. The second, practical part is based on qualitative-quantitative research with three goals. The first goal was to define the needs of family members caring about a terminally ill person in domestic background. The second goal was to define the skills of nurses necessary for saturation of the needs of family members caring about a terminally ill person in domestic background, and the last goal was to specify the present drawbacks of the care upon the research results. The following research questions were set in the qualitative part of the research: 1. What factors lead to decision of a family to participate in the care about a terminally ill person in domestic background? 2. What factors prevent families from integration into the care about a terminally ill person in domestic background? 3. What skills are necessary for a nurse in the process of family integration into the care about a terminally ill client in home background? The research sample of the qualitative research consisted of six respondents having experience with care about a dying patient in domestic background. A semi structured interview consisting of six questions was the research method of this part of the thesis. The questions focused on the care about a dying family member in home background. The following hypotheses may be deduced from the research: 1. Giving information to lay caregivers before releasing a terminally ill client to domestic treatment within education contributes to their active involvement in the care. 2. Participation of a mobile hospice team in the care about a terminally ill client in home background contributes to saturation of the needs of certainty and safety of the caregivers. The following hypotheses were set at the beginning of the quantitative research: 1. Respondent?s feeling of inability to participate in the care is an obstacle to the decision to start caring about a terminally ill person in home background. 2. Fear of economic risk is an obstacle to the decision to start caring about a terminally ill person in home background. 3. Utilization of professional services in the care about a terminally ill person in home background depends on awareness of their existence and the extent of services being provided. The research sample consisted of 198 persons from the wide public. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire. The questionnaires examined the readiness of the respondents to decide to start caring about a terminally ill person in home background and their awareness of the existence of institutions providing palliative care in home background. The first two hypotheses were confirmed by the results of the questionnaire research, the third one was not confirmed. A manual for general nurses ?Care about a dying client in home background? and an ?Informational leaflet for laics? deciding on caring about someone close in home background, which form a part hereof, were elaborated upon the results of the research.
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Patients awareness before endoscopic examination
BERNÁTOVÁ, Ivana
Abstract Patients awareness before endoscopic examination This baccalaureate thesis deals with informedness of patients prior endoscopic examinations. The theoretic part deals with the issues of informing and preparing endoscopic examinations. Generally, informedness is a broad issue that can be discussed in professional circles as well as by the laic public. As the patient is considered an active element of the treatment process nowadays, informedness has gained an important role. This work tried to explain endoscopic methods, to map preparation for individual endoscopic examinations, and to stress the importance of information and communication skills when providing such information. Two objectives were set down. The first one was to find out the details about informedness of patients prior endoscopic examinations. The other one was to find out what method is used to inform patients prior endoscopic examinations. Two hypotheses were set down in the practical part. The first hypothesis is based on the presumption of sufficient patient informedness and it was defined as follows: Patients are informed sufficiently prior endoscopic examinations. The other hypothesis was based on a presumption defined as follows: The most frequently used method of informing patients prior endoscopic examinations is oral explanation. To find out about the current situation, the quantitative method using an anonymous questionnaire was employed. Only one kind of questionnaire containing 25 questions was used. The questions were closed, semi-closed and one open. Introductory questions were informative ones, the others focused on informedness prior an endoscopic examination and on the methods of providing information. A hundred questions were distributed at preselected wards at Nemocnice Tábor, a. s. (Hospital Tábor). The research group consisted of patients at the surgical, internal and gynaecological departments. The results were processed into graphs showing the percentage of the distribution of the respondents{\crq} answers. The discussion was assessed and compared with professional literature. At the end of this thesis, the project summation results are presented as well as confirmed or unconfirmed hypotheses and possible proposals that may lead executive workers to consider what ways could be taken in the future to better patient informedness prior endoscopic examinations.
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Preparedness of the Czech Republic for Pandemic Flu
JURZYKOWSKÁ, Lucie
Influenza illness occures masively in human population for centuries. Influenza is an acute disorder of viral origin. Currently influenza can be found all over the world. The viruses of influenza are circulating continously in all continents not only in the human population, but in animals too. Every year the population is affected by the seasonal epidemic of different magnitude. Influenza illness pose an important medical, social and economical problem. Next to the seasonal outbreaks occuring every year the influenza pandemic can appear after several tens of years. The pandemic of influenza would mean spread all over the world and it is caused by the new variant of the influenza virus. In past the influenza pandemics caused mortality of millions of people all over the world, high economical losses and social collapse of the states in the history. That´s why the particular states prepare their national pandemic plans. The early preparedness for possible influenza pandemic elaborated in the national pandemic plans and the measures following from the plans constitute a tool for reduction of extent, impact and outcomes of pandemic. The quality of preparedness can influence the economical functions of states, medical impacts of illness and final number of the victims. The aim of the dissertation is to compare the proposed measures responding to the influenza pandemic arising from the national pandemic plans of the Czech and Slovak Republic, to ascertain the state of preparedness to the influenza pandemic following from the pandemic plan of the Czech Republic and the situation in awareness of the civil population about the influenza pandemic in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of the dissertation is focused on the epidemiological characteristic of the influenza illness. In the sphere of interest the issue of influenza pandemics is explained in terms of their history and the next field of the dissertation is focused on the pandemic plans. The research part of the dissertation is focused on the solution to the given research questions. Two research questions were specified to accomplish the defined aim: What are the differences between the approaches and measures in the pandemic plans of the Czech and Slovak Republic? What is the knowledge and awareness of civil population about the influenza pandemic in the Czech Republic? Regarding the issue the methodology the first research question included analysis of the content of the pandemic plans of the Czech and Slovak Republic and performance of the Checklist method in order to obtain an overview on approach, procedures and standard of preparedness in the territory of both states and possibilities their reciprocal comparison. Under the second research question the awareness and knowledge of the civil population about the pandemic influenza in the Czech Republic was investigated. For acquiring the data of researching study there was used The method of quantitative research was used to acquire the data for the research survey. The form of twenty questions was created. The first part of the questionnaire was focused on the general knowledge about influenza and the second part on the influenza pandemic and related measures. The respondents chose from the answers defined in advance. There wasn´t used the random sampling of the respondents. Fifty respondents from the non-representative sample filled out the form for acquiring the basic knowledge and finding out theoretical information about the influenza pandemic. Subsequently the statistical analysis was made from the obtained data using the methods of descriptive and mathematic statistic. It follows from the analysing results that the knowledge about the influenza illness and influenza pandemic exists among the civil population which means the laic public, but they are the lower extent and do not correspond to the normal frequency distribution.
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Hospice care in aware laic society on Prachatice
TALAFOUSOVÁ, Marcela
The bachelor work deals with issue of Hospice care and accompanying of dying. The work is divided into two parts. Theoretical part is written on the base of science literature and contains 4 chapters. The first chapter deals with all phenomenons related with death. It describes each stage of the process of dying and closer to the position of today´s society to death. The second and the vastes chapter considers Hospice care, its history, forms and funding. It is also focused on importance of volunteers, social workers and pastoral assistants as multidisciplinary team in Hospic. The third chapter represents palliative care, which is the main pillar of Hospice care. The forth chapter is focused on accompanying, communication and care of soul of dying and his family. The second pratical part comes from the theory and is based on research. There are determined two goals of the social research (if the laic society from Prachatice and near surrounding is aware of hospice care and if the businessman are willing help to Hosic of sv. Jan N. Neumann in Prachatice.). There are defined two hypotesis. In research were used questionnaires for two groups of respondents, for laic public and for businessmen. The total number of respondents was 145.
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Testamentary practice of townsmen of Soběslav in years 1525-1600 (superior quality edition)
Říhová, Hana ; Ebelová, Ivana (advisor) ; Hrubá, Michaela (referee)
The rigorous work "Testamentary practice of Townsmen of Soběslav in years 1525 - 1600" is based on survey of extant last wills of men and woman, available for the tracked period in the State District Archiv (Státní okresní archiv) in Tábor. Is brings the set of early modern testaments of Townsmen of Soběslav to the laic public and professionals, it maps testamentary practice in survile town, allows to learn the way of life of folk people, vocational and social stratification of early modern comunities and financial management of single housholds. In this rare way it points sout the relation of men to the God, their way of thinking and sensing the world on the threshold of life, mutual relationships in a family and connections to its closest relatives.
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Transplatantion and ethics - general awareness (preliminary survey)
FARKAŠOVÁ, Markéta
This bachelor's thesis deals with the ethical issues of transplantation and its awareness by the general public. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the description of the most common ethical issues of transplantation. In modern era the transplantation of tissues and organs is generally seen as positive and emphasized clinical method, but still there are some certain ethical dilemmas. The very problem is the fact that this topic is only few communicated in the public and the citizens, speaking about the specific situation in the Czech Republic, have in certain parts the mistaken awareness of the function of the transplantation system "Opting out" which presumes the posthumous agreement with taking of tissues and organs after the death of the patient. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to find out first what ethical aspects of transplantations are identified by the experts and whether according to their awareness the general publics have the interest in transplantations. Subsequently, the pre-research survey questions collect whether the answers from the citizens correspond with the answers of the expert representatives and also whether the respondents consider the current system in the Czech Republic as functional and ethically acceptable. Based on the described objectives the primarily qualitative research was chosen, managed by interviewing technique and semi-structured interviews with medical transplantologist, medical lawyer and bioethicist. From these interviews the important ethical aspects were analyzed from which further survey questions that have been tested on a sample of 130 respondents were prepared. The processed survey is the result of the bachelor's thesis and serves only as a pre-research of the pilot study. The results of interviews point to an existence of certain ethical issues connected with transplantations. Subsequently created and validated survey reflects the awareness of Czech Republic citizens of selected topic. Despite the fact that collected data from survey answers are considered as a guide and in fact indicative, some of the registered data is surprising. Among these belongs also e.g. the absolute majority of most respondent conviction of the possibility of illegal trade with organs in the Czech Republic. Other points of interest include the slightest awareness of such citizens who do not want to be donors upon their death. The positive result can be the fact that most of the surveyed respondents wish and agree with posthumous collection of their tissues and organs. Immediately we do learn that about the half of respondents is not well familiarized with currently working system of transplantations in the Czech Republic that assumes the agreement with posthumous collection of tissues and organs. Based on these findings, this created survey with specific slight changes, can be used in the future for quantitative more detailed investigation focused on the mentioned respondents according to pre-research results.
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The scientific and ordinary public attitute fowards to the home violence
VESELÁKOVÁ, Jesika
Abstract This Bachelor{\crq}s thesis deals, both theoretically and practically, with the attitudes of the professional and non-professional public to domestic violence. Violence in its various forms has been deep-rooted in human behaviour from time immemorial, and, in my opinion, it is unrealistic to think that it may be eliminated or at least suppressed at its beginning. What may be dealt with, however, are attitudes of society towards violence and its originators. The victim{\crq}s attitude is derived from the attitude of the state and the professional and non-professional public to this matter. The theoretical part focuses on defining the term of domestic violence and its specific aspects and forms. The readers become acquainted with society{\crq}s different views of men, women and children in a brief historical discourse. This thesis also sums up the characteristics of the victim and the culprit of domestic violence, and it briefly informs about the development and the present legislative state in the Czech Republic. The final chapters of this part deal with the definition, components and measuring of attitudes. The objective of the thesis was surveying the real situation of the professional and non-professional public{\crq}s attitudes. Before I started my research, I set up two hypotheses for each of the groups questioned. The first hypothesis confirms that the non-professional public is not sufficiently aware of domestic violence and possibilities of help provided to victims. The second hypothesis confirms that the non-professional public perceives domestic violence as a negative phenomenon in society, and are ready to participate in its detection. I consider the fact that the non-professional public are not able to distinguish domestic violence from ``hard disputes{\crq}q, as results from the first hypothesis, as the most serious obstacle in the way non-professional public detect this criminal offence. The third hypothesis confirms that more than 70 per cent of the respondents from among the professional public consider domestic violence as a problem concerning the entire society. The fourth hypothesis confirming that the prevailing majority of the respondents from among the professional public regard the currently valid legal state as sufficient, was refuted. To conduct the survey I used the quantitative method. The data were obtained from two sets of population by means of two types of anonymous questionnaires. The set of respondents of the non-professional public numbered 208. The research set of the professional public consisted of 53 respondents. The sets were not compared with each other. The objective of the thesis was fulfilled. I view the main contribution of my thesis in pointing at problematic spheres in the society{\crq}s awareness and attitudes, and I suggested possible solutions of the problem as well as starting points from this sphere in the future. The results of my thesis could be used as a feedback for the professional and interested public.
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Selected aspects of the therapy effectivenes in AT institutions
ŠPERLOVÁ, Zuzana
The bachelor thesis deals with the therapy of reliance on alcohol and its efficiency in biological, psychological and social aspects. The theoretical part deals with alcohol generally and with the basic conceptions connected with the reliance on alcohol. Further, in the theoretical part, the reliance on alcohol and its therapy is described. In greater detail, I turned to the therapy itself and to the description of the institutions dealing with the therapy of dependences. In the practical part, I chose the research of quality. I used the method of halfstandardized conversation with abstaining clients of AT institutions. As next research technique, I used the method of observation. I attended the session of the clients with reliance on alcohol in the programme of follow-up care in the social psycologic centre Arkáda in Písek and the session of anonymous alcoholics. Further, in my research, I used the technique of case-reports for a better presentation of the change of the quality of life due to the therapy of the dependences. The case-reports were interpretted from the resukts of the discussions. The last used method is the reading of professional literature and its presentation in this thesis. The aim of this work is to determine the selected aspects of the therapy effectivenes in AT institutions. The effectivenes is determmined by the change of the state from the point of view of bio-psycho-social aspects of the clients of AT institutions. The next aim was to evaluate the clients´ satisfaction with the services of individual AT institutions aimed at the fight with the reliance on alcohol and to determine other aspects of the reliance on alcohol. From my research it resulted, that the therapy of the reliance on alcohol in a specialized institution is a more effective form of the therapy of reliance on alcohol in an ambulatory establishment and this therapy markedly influences the quality of life of the clients with reliance on alcohol and the most effective way is the complex therapy in all items of the therapy of defendences. Further, it was proved, that the situation of the respondents improved in all selected aspects. My research also proved the connection of alcohol with another dependence, mostly on nicotine. Along with this, it confirmed the new trend in the therapy of dependences. i.e. the therapy of dual dependences, from which most of my respondents suffered. This work can serve as a whole manual for persons directly affected by the reliance on alcohol both in the laic and the professional public. Further, it can help the students with their studies or serve as a base for their follow-up studies.
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Children´s drowning from the perspective of pre-hospital emergency care
SEDLÁČEK, David
Drowning, especially in children, is a relatively frequent cause of death. Statistics speak clearly. Children´s drowning is the second most frequent cause of death of children in industrialized countries. Good knowledge of the issue of drowning in children, therefore, seems to be the best way how to at least partially minimize the unfavorable statistics. But it is necessary to be aware of the child drowning specificity due to the child age. And the nursing care specifics are the subject of the thesis. The main objective was to survey the knowledge of prevention and first aid for children in the context or drowning and near-drowning on the part of adult and child public and also in the Emergency Medical Rescue Service workers. The quantitative research method through anonymous questionnaires was chosen. The research sample representing the general public was composed of staff members and pupils and students of several primary and secondary schools in České Budějovice. The research was conducted with the Emergency Medical Rescue Service workers in the regional centers of the Emergency Medical Rescue Service of the South Bohemia region. The questionnaire addressed to the general public contained a set of 25 questions, the questionnaire for the Emergency Medical Rescue Service workers comprised a set of 20 questions. The research has confirmed that the general public knows the first aid basics, but does not have enough knowledge about prevention and first aid for child drowning and near-drowning. The outcomes have mainly proved unfamiliarity with principles of resuscitation for children. The research has also shown that in children in general the knowledge of prevention and first-aid provision for near-drowning or drowning only minimally depends on their age. According to the research results the Emergency Medical Rescue Service workers have adequate knowledge about prevention and first aid for drowning or near-drowning children. The obtained results suggest the need to increase training and education in issues relating to the near-drowning of children in the general public of all ages. In a limited range it would be useful to organize training on issues related to pre-hospital emergency care also for the Emergency Medical Rescue Service workers. The need of the knowledge of prevention and first aid for drowning or near-drowning is confirmed by the fact that even among the public, with which the research was conducted, several persons who had already met this problem were found.
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KNOWLEDGE OF PREMEDICAL FIRST AID REQUIRMENTS FOR TEACHERS IN NURSERY SCHOOL
KOVÁŘÍK, Ondřej
Bachelor thesis ?Premedical First Aid Knowledge Requirements for Teachers in Nursery Schools? summarises urgent conditions and diseases occurring primarily among preschool children. The theoretical part deals with selected injuries, from the most serious injuries (resuscitation, disorders of consciousness, suffocation) to the less serious ones (eg fractures). Pathophysiology, symptoms and finally providing of first aid is briefly described for each of the injuries. This part was described mandatory legislation for teachers regarding first aid education in this section. I used a content analysis of professional publications in this part of my thesis. The second part is practical and related to my research. The aim of the research was to find out level of first aid knowledge among teachers in nursery schools. I used a quantitative method in the form of questionnaires in my research. The questionnaire consisted of fourteen questions. These questionnaires were filled mostly by teachers during personal meetings in nursery schools near my residence in Brno. The research is processed with the charts and descriptions. The results of the answers are given as a percentage in each graph. The hypothesis, established at the beginning of the research, was not confirmed. Teaching staff have sufficient knowledge of first aid. However, they have lacks in innovations piece of knowledge first aid (CPR, choking). In these cases, most teachers would act based on outdated standards. Primarily right answers dominated in further points of the questionnaire. My surprising finding was that half of those surveyed teachers had never undergone any first aid training.
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