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Behavioral manifestations of mares in the herd in terms of organic farming in Šumava
BAŠTÝŘOVÁ BRUTOVSKÁ, Anna
The main purpose of the observation was to analyse the basic life expressions of the mares living at a farm with ecological farming, in respect to the progress of the pas-ture season. The observation was carried out within a herd of horses during the whole pasture season. The whole process was repeated four times. The recording method was used. Every ten minutes a record was written down for a period of 24 hours. The herd consist-ed of 13 horses, out of which 12 were mares and one stallion. It was found out, that the herd spent most of the time with feeding. Feeding was the dominant expression of hors-es; still the time spent with feeding was during every observation different. During the first observation the herd was feeding in total 58,13%, during the second 58,94%, dur-ing the third 53,73% and during the fourth even 61,01% of the observation time. The second most dominant expression of the horses was standing, where the horses were standing either in a static or in an alert position. During the first observation standing accounted for 34,45%, during the second observation for 34,29% during the third ob-servation for 39,2% and during the fourth observation for 29,24% of the observation time. The time which the horses spent with relaxation corresponds to 2,91% during the first observation, 2,03% during the second observation, 1,23% during the third observa-tion and 4,62% during the last observation. Generally it can be stated, that any motoric activity was motivated by the necessity to change the place of feeding. In respect to the progress of the grazing season - the impact on the different cat-egories of equine behaviour have climate conditions, vegetation height and age compo-sition of the herd.
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Nutritional problem – horse nutrition
Svatoň, Jindřich ; Skočdopolová, Veronika (advisor) ; Šindelářová, Irena (referee)
This work deals with the composition of daily feeding ration for different types of horses. The objective is to create a specific feeding ratio consisting of various horses feed at minimum costs and meeting requirements for nutritional conditions. Several other recommendations that cannot be overlooked in horse nutrition are also considered. The age of the horse, the weight in adulthood, the horse's workload, and an annual period is taken into account of this work. Daily feeding ration is composed and solved by linear programming, the optimal solution is found by using MS Excel 2007 solver. The solution of this task is to create a model that can be applied in practice.
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The history and current status of breeding Akhalteke horses
ŠULCOVÁ, Veronika
Akhal-Teke horse breed is one of the oldest and most valuable breed in the world. Its specific exterior has been created for centuries by inhospitable conditions of Turkmenistan. In the history, the existence of Akhal-Teke (AT) was challenged by many crisis which causes almost breed extinction. Even though, the population of AT horses is nowadays stable, the breed is still enlisted on the list of endangered animal species. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to explore and describe historical development as well as current AT horse breed situation in the Czech Republic. Furthermore the thesis will focus on AT horse exterior and its nature. The exterior and AT nature will be followed by basic description of individual AT breed lines and breeding method in Turkmenistan. Additionally, the thesis will reveal the origins of AT breed in the Czech Republic and will evaluate the Czech AT horses sport performance. The main goal of the thesis is to compare the basic body measurements and indexes of AT thoroughbred stallions operating in the Czech Republic, with AT breeding standards and AT stallions enlisted in the last AT breed book. The basic body measurements for the AT horses are described by indexes such as KVH (height measurement with stick), SDT (diagonal length of horse body), OH (heart girth) and Ohol (shank girth). Considering previously stated horse body measurement indicators, the average body measurement of the Czech AT breed stallions are as follow: 156,9, 159, 176,3, 19,2 cm. The average body indexes of breed AT thoroughbreds stallions in Czech were indexes of body format (101,3), index of compactness (110,8), index of robustness (112,37), index of boniness (12,25), and index of spine strength (10,9). 73,33% of thoroughbred AT stallions operating in the Czech Republic fulfill the AT breeding standard requirements.
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Changes of mares milk contents during lactacion
VRÁNOVÁ, Vendula
The objective is to determine the composition of mare´s milk at different stages of lactation and changes in its content that occurs during lactation. Variability of constituents in the milk contents between mares and possible link in the content of individual components of milk was also examined. Average values of contents were found during the five months of lactation: Fat 1.5%, protein 1.62%, lactose 6.55% and dry matter 9.78%. It was found that during lactation fat content decreases from 1.7% to 1.3% and protein content decreases from 1.75% to 1.48%. Lactose and dry matter content is unchanged. A higher coefficient of variation was found in fat and protein (between 16 -17%), lower in lactose and dry matter content (5-6%). Relation was found between protein and fat. On the contrary, no evidence of correlation between protein and lactose content, nor between the fat and lactose content was found.
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Intestinal nematodes of horses
JAROLÍMKOVÁ, Alžběta
The intestinal nematodes of horses were investigated in this study. Especially the gastrointestinal parasites of groups Strongylinae and Cyathostominae were studied: Strongyloides westeri, Parascaris eqourum a Oxyuris equi. Study concerns with preventive proceeding of inception of parasitic diseases, selection of right anthelmintics and antiparasitic programmes, resistance of gastrointestinal parasites on anthelmintics and their effective matters. Finally, the possible solutions are suggested based on the study.
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Nutrition problem usage for horse feed ration production
Králová, Eliška ; Skočdopolová, Veronika (advisor) ; Šindelářová, Irena (referee)
Concern of this bachelor's thesis is to optimize the contents of the daily feed ration for horses, which must meet their nutritional requirements. The first chapter is devoted to the theory of decision problems using linear programming. In the list of typical linear problems there is a closer specification of the nutritional problem, description of its use and a brief mention of its history. Next part deals with horse nutrition, which includes the requirements of the nutrient content of daily ration and the information about basic feed. Then the practical assignment is defined, which is essential for formulating economical and mathematical model, solved using Solver tool in Microsoft Excel. After interpreting the results, the model is extended with new constraints and recalculated. Outcome of this work is the optimal solution for two models that meet the intended objective -- to help the breeder with creating a nutritionally balanced feed ration for horses and minimizing the costs.
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Utilization of going on horseback for support of human health
BÖHMOVÁ, Kristina
The bachelor thesis is focused on creating of half-year long intervention program focused on usage of horseback riding to human health support for equestrian team members during the period since September 2009 to March 2010.Theoretical part is trying to bring horseback riding history, horses utilization and conditions for horseback riding. It dealt with safety rules and health benefits from horseback riding and horse utilization to human health support. Practical part has brought on creation of intervention program, into which I applied the knowledge from theoretical part. I have focused on horseback riding effect to proband's physical and psychical health
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Endoparasites of horses
WAGNEROVÁ, Pavla
A total of 587 faecal samples were collected from 98 horses of different age from three farms with various breeding system (pasture, stable and combination) in the South Bohemia, Czech Republic during three consecutive years (from 2009 to 2011), and screened for the presence of endoparasites, especially these inhabiting gastrointestinal tract and lung, using standard parasitological methods including flotation, sedimentation and staining methods. Moreover presence of Encephalitozoon spp. was detected using genus specific nested PCR. Small strongyles were the most common nematodes among studied horses. The age of animals was evaluated as a risk factor in relation to Eimeria leuckarti, Strongyloides westeri and Parascaris equorum infection in foals. The resistance of small strongyles (Cyathostominae) to benzimidazol anthelmintics has been revealed only on one of the visited farm. Most of examined animals were mono-infected. The breeding of horses in the stable represent management system with lowest risk in relation to parasitic infection of animals. Molecular analysis revealed the presence of human pathogenic Encephalitozoon cuniculi genotype I in horses.
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Congenital disorders in horse
PRANTLOVÁ, Veronika
The task of this thesis is to elaborate literary study of congenital disorders incidence by horses. At the beginning, there are summarized problems of congenital disorders in general, such as origin of the disorders and the forming factors. Further, the most common or the most severe equine congenital disorders, considering specific prevalence depending on the breed, are specified. The thesis also contents the incidence of congenital disoders by other kinds of domestic animals. At the end the practical breeder´s advices are summarized.
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The evaluation of horse nutrition with chosen preparats in sommer and winter season
HANETŠLÉGROVÁ, Petra
ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to provide a detailed breakdown of horse nutrition, to mention the importance of dietary supplements. The main part deals with the basics of horse nutrition, the bare necessities of nutrients, the proportion of maintenance rations and the technique of feeding. Afterwards, I outline the properties and effects of varied herbal plants such as garlic, hemp, hyssop, white horehound, coltsfoot and oats. Flaxseed, biotin, zinc, yeast and probiotics are dietary supplements improving the quality of fur, horsehair and hoofs. The feed will be analysed by standard methods. As far as horse excrement is concerned, we are going to observe its shape, colour, consistency, pH value and smell. The assessment of horse excrement will serve as a judgement about the activity of digestive system. The ethology observations will provide information on daily activity of a horse, on particular activities, to which the horse gives its attention during a day, and the amount of time it dedicates to them. As far as horses with respiratory disorders are concerned, we will observe the signs of their health problems and the rate of these problems occurring both at rest and in action. The information will be completed by the measurement of body proportions useful to body weight calculation. The statistical and economic methods will be selected in terms of the results accomplished during the research.
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