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Education of diabetic patient with diabetic food after amputation
MELICHAROVÁ, Zuzana
This bachelor thesis is focused on education of patients with diabetic foot syndrome with limb shortening amputation and prevention of higher amputation. The theoretical part deals with the disease diabetes mellitus, its complications, diabetic foot syndrome and education on prevention of amputation. This disease is currently prevalent and its incidence is increasing. The aim of the study was to find out who and by what method most often educates patients with diabetic foot syndrome about prevention of amputation, in what way patients perceive shortcomings on the part of education and to map their knowledge about prevention of diabetic foot. A quantitative method of investigation was used for this study and data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire which was filled by a total of 30 respondents. The research sample consisted of 30 respondents (100 %). The results show that 24 people (80 %) are educated about amputation prevention by both a nurse and a doctor and 6 people (20 %) by a doctor only. The form of education was oral and written for 21 respondents (70 %) and oral only, in the form of an interview for 9 people (30 %). The biggest barriers to education were lack of time for 13 respondents (43 %), inappropriate environment for 9 respondents (30 %), lack of self-will to listen to the educator for 7 people (23 %), and lack of empathy from the educator for 3 people (10 %). 10 respondents (33 %) described their knowledge of prevention as good, 19 respondents (63 %) described their knowledge as normal and 1 respondent (3 %) described their knowledge as poor. The contribution of this bachelor's thesis can be pointing out the shortcomings in education and trying to eliminate them. This thesis contains an overview of recommendations that should be followed by patients with diabetic foot syndrome, so it can also serve as an educational material for nurses and diabetic patients.
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Modes of regime measure and their adherence in pacients with diabetes mellitus
MAURICOVÁ, Barbora
Introduction: The bachelor's thesis focuses on the methods of regimen measures and their adherence in patients with diabetes mellitus. The theoretical part deals with the disease diabetes mellitus and its regimen measures. Diabetes mellitus is currently a widespread chronic disease and its incidence is increasing. Research is therefore important to conduct to improve education, awareness and support diabetics in adhering to the measures. Aim: The aim of the study was to find out how patients adhere to the regimen. Methodology: For this thesis, data collection was carried out using a quantitative survey method. The data was collected using a customized non-standardized questionnaire. Data collection took place were in the South Bohemian hospital in standard and intesive care wards. The questionnaire consisted of 23 questions containing identification data and focused on adherence to regimen measures in diabetic patients. The data obtained were subsequently processed into tables and graphs, on the basis of which the hypotheses were evaluated. Results: The research sample was made up by 82 respondents (100 %). The results show that 17,1 % people follow a diabetic diet, 79,3 % take isnulin regularly, 82,9 % see their doctor regularly and 45,1 % keep a diary of their glucose levels, while 50 % don´t. The results show that adherence to the regimen is influenced by educational level and also by gender. Conclusion: Adherence to regimen measures in diabetics is a very important factor for a proper quality of life and to influence the treatment of this disease. Nutrition and exercise are essential components of the regimen. The results of our research have shown that diabetics do not follow a diabetic diet very well. Adequate awareness, education and motivation are essential for better adherence. This bachelor thesis offers material summarizing the findings on the disease itself, diet, physical activity and more.
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Education of diabetic patient after total pancreatectomy
BAKOVÁ, Terezie
This bachelor thesis titled "Diabetic patient education after total pancreatectomy" addresses the impact on quality of life of patients with new-onset diabetes after total pancreatectomy. It also deals with the process of education for these patients by general nurses and licensed practical nurses.The aim of this thesis was to map the education of patients after total pancreatectomy. To achieve this aim, a qualitative investigation was used, conducted using semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted with five patients after total pancreatectomy and six nurses who educate these patients. Three research questions were established to answer the stated aim. The questions investigated how education by licensed practical nurses and general nurses takes place in patients after total pancreatectomy. They also investigated what limitations occur in patients after the procedure. The problems encountered by patients in adhering to the treatment regimen were also investigated.The results of the research investigation indicate that nurses most often carry out education in an individual way, and they agree on the topics they include in the education. Education is mainly carried out in the areas of insulin administration, self-monitoring and prevention of complications. Results of other data indicate that insulin administration, compliance of dietary measures, and glucose fluctuations are the most common problems in patients' adherence to their treatment regimen. Digestive disorders, fatigue, changes in eating habits, and limitations in social life are considered the greatest limitations. The research also found that there are no leaflets available signeted for patients after total pancreatectomy. The results of this bachelor thesis may serve to inform future patients before undergoing total pancreatectomy, to provide information about the consequences and impact of this procedure on quality of life. They could also inform licensed practical nurses and general nurses about the problems and shortcomings experienced by patients after total pancreatectomy, and they could positively influence education in these areas.
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Importance of physical activity in patients with diabetes
Kozáková, Eva ; Škrha, Jan (advisor) ; Pehr, Martin (referee)
Aim of the thesis: The research aimed to evaluate the importance of long-term regular physical activity in patients with diabetes. Methods: In total, 53 patients with diagnosed diabetes from the Third Department of Internal Medicine of the General University Hospital in Prague were selected for the research. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a combination of data collection in the form of an anonymous questionnaire survey of own design and laboratory results from the medical records in the hospital's information system Medea was used. During the completion of the questionnaire, the patients were consulted in detail and they had the opportunity to ask their own questions and receive a short education on the subject. All data were recorded in tables and subsequently processed into graphs in the computer program Microsoft Office Excel. Statistical evaluation was performed using Tibco Statistica 14.0 software. Results: Regular physical activity is associated with more favourable laboratory results. The most important parameter in assessing physical activity was a question about daily physical activity lasting at least 30 minutes. Patients who were physically active more than 30 minutes per day had significantly better HbA1c (50±9 vs. 60±15 mmol/mol, p<0.01), total cholesterol (3.7±0.8 vs....
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Detection of pathologies in retinal images
Mesíková, Klaudia ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Vičar, Tomáš (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to design and implement software for the detection of diabetes mellitus symptoms from the image of the human eye retina. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common disease affecting the retina. Pathologies connected with this disease can lead to partial or complete blindness. For the detection of pathological symptoms is important to correctly detect some parts of the eye retina such as optic disc and blood vessels. These can cause a problem with the identification of disease. After removing the optic disc and blood vessels, the pathology object is being detected.
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Software image processing of infrared thermograms of the lower limbs of diabetic patients
Langerová, Jana ; Mézl, Martin (referee) ; Bernard, Vladan (advisor)
This work deals with the automatic processing of the thermal images of the soles of the lower limbs. It contains general research in the topic of diabetic foot syndrome and general description of diabetes mellitus. It also deals with the theoretical area of the infrared radiation used in thermovision techniques and image processing techniques. In the second part, there is practically described the proposition of the software and then also its realization and commissioning. Created software contains two main possibilities for cropping the searching sole, the first one is completely manual detection and the second one is automatic with manual correction. In this work, there are also described all the procedures for reaching of the temperature analyzes. Last part of this work is dedicated to statical valorization of the information, which was got by the created software and which is conceived generally and serves to functional valorization of the created software.
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Revision of the electronic diabetic file at Clinic of Diabetology IKEM
Fialová, Lenka ; Blaha, Milan (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
Electronic diabetic record (EDR) is an electronic medical record used in Diabetology Clinics, Instittute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKEM), Prague. EDR is complex record of patient statistical and clinical data. It´s complexity and large time demands on filling in all items make EDR not user friendly. Thus, benefits of electronic medical record are not fully utilized. The paper describes solution that leads to simpler user interface as component of outpatient message allowing easy entering data. The new interface has been designed and created in the form of program module. There are described other procedures to implement module into IKEM information system Zlatokop. At the end, there are discussed the advantages and shortcomings of this revised vision and current status of project of EDR. The first part of the work is about the basic concepts and problems regarding EDR. It is about e-health, specially about the electronic health record, databases, specially about Caché, which is used in Zlatokop, about diabetes mellitus and about user experience.
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Non-invasive Blood Glucose Measuring
Vítová, Hana ; Chmelař, Milan (referee) ; Sekora, Jiří (advisor)
Goal of my master´s thesis is examination of non-invasive blood glucose measurement methods, and designing of device for non-invasive blood glucose reading. The introductory chapter of thesis contains description of know different methods for blood glucose measurement, mainly Near Infra-Red region (NIR) measurement with spectroscopy methods. This project describes pathology of Diabetes Mellitus, specifies how it is divided, and looks also on human metabolism. The theoretical part contains exploration of blood glucose measurement methods. Thesis continues with system scheme design for non/invasive glucose measurement device, based on present knowledge. Major principle of device is measuring with Infra-Red laser, bifurcate optic fiber and photodiode. Design of printed circuit board is also present. Document contains also designs of software diagrams for calibration and processing program written in C# language. Communication between device and computer is made via USB. Microcontroller with C language program is part of designed device. It is used to send measured values into PC and also receives data from computer. This data determines blood glucose concentration and their thresholds.
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Automatic detection of microaneurysms in fundus images
Klímová, Markéta ; Walek, Petr (referee) ; Kolář, Radim (advisor)
Diabetic retinopathy is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. It develops as a result of total damage of vessels caused by hyperglycemia and it is one of major causes of blindness. The microaneurysms are the first clinically observed pathologies of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to propose and to implement an automated microaneurysm detector. Teoretical part describes the eye anatomy, diabetic retinopathy and some existing methods of automated detection. Next the implemented solution is described and the results of the detectin are evaluated.
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Analysis of temporal retinal sequences
Nováková, Marie ; Odstrčilík, Jan (referee) ; Kolář, Radim (advisor)
This thesis deals with a method of the retinal image acquisition by fundus camera, their properties and evaluation of the retinal vessel diameter from acquired images. Several studies dealing with usage of retinal vessels diameters for hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and glaucoma are described. The second part of this thesis is focused on the extraction of the retinal blood-vessels pulsation from retinal sequences and the basic processing of extracted pulsation signals. The proposed method is described in details and tested on one dataset.
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