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Threats to Chosen Locality by Surface Runoff, Water Erosion, and Surface Water Pollutants
Buršík, Lukáš ; Dumbrovský, Miroslav ; Sobotková, Veronika ; Kulihová, Martina ; Pavlíková, Marcela
This paper aims to provide information about threats to a chosen locality in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic, specifically focusing on surface runoff and water erosion. The geographic information system ArcGIS Pro was primarily used for the analysis. This paper also deals with contamination of surface water by pollutants which are produced by an agricultural company in the locality. For this reason, water samples were taken from a stream and subsequently analysed in a chemical laboratory. In terms of soils erosion proneness, it was discovered that most of the area consists of unthreatened soils. Regarding the chemical analysis of surface water, it was found that the results obtained are affected by the season of the sampling (wet or dry) in terms of water volume in the stream.
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The design of erosion control measures in a small basin
Prchlíková, Simona ; Kameníčková, Ivana (referee) ; Doležal, Petr (advisor)
Main goal of this bachelor thesis was the proposal for protection against erosion in selected river basin. Digital model of terrain was created with the help of ArcGis tools. Average yearly erosion wash off was determined by calculation in ArcGis software. The assessment was determined by two factors that influence threat level for particular area. The goal is to highlight the differences between the levels of threat by water erosion after two various rain types. Selected erosion control measures were suggested for the worse option. Chosen appropriate measures were as follows: grassing, erosion control crop rotation and interruption of slope by furrow. Subsequently, new erosion control measures were implemented into the calculation of new state of threatened area. In the final comparison, after implementing erosion control measures, it was a significant and noticeable improvement in conditions. Solution respects trend of water retention in the landscape and use of low-cost measures.
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Evaluation of erosion and runoff conditions in context with the agroforestry systems design
Vaňousová, Martina ; Skřivanová, Zuzana (referee) ; Sobotková, Veronika (advisor)
The diploma thesis generally deals with the emergence of water and wind erosion, its conseque-nces and the possibilities of how to prevent or limit erosion, with various anti-erosion measures. More specifically, it focuses on agroforestry systems (ALS), their origin, importance and appro-priate use in the landscape. To investigate the effects of ALS, an agricultural area near the village of Modřec was selected, on which ALS variants in various variations were designed using compu-ter programs. The main quantity investigated and compared was the average long-term soil loss by water erosion under different variants of the ALS design.
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Design of erosion and flood control measures contributing to water retention increasing in the landscape
Krátký, Jindřich ; Uhrová,, Jana (referee) ; Sobotková, Veronika (advisor)
The introduction of this bachelor’s thesis is focused on analyzing the territory of interest – the cadastral area of the municipality of Vevčice in the South Moravian Region of Czechia. Using ArcMap, USLE2D and DesQ-MaxQ software, the erosion and runoff conditions are evaluated, including the determination of the so-called critical profiles, where the concentrated surface runoff and sediments are currently posing a threat to the built-up area. On the basis of the analyses carried out, erosion and flood control measures have been designed. The measures should ensure the reduction of the average soil loss on agricultural land to permissible values, minimization of peak flows and protection of the inhabitants of Vevčice and their properties. Concurrently, the measures should contribute to water retention in the landscape. Furthermore, locations where the construction of small waterbodies such as a small reservoir, pond or wetland could be considered in the future, positively impacting the retention capacity of the local landscape, have been identified in the area of concern.
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Design of erosion and flood control measures in the study case area responding to climate change
Mrázek, Vojtěch ; Larišová,, Lucie (referee) ; Sobotková, Veronika (advisor)
The aim of the work is to design anti-erosion and flood protection in the area of interest KÚ Lukavec to the current state and responding to climate change. At the same time, it is necessary to assess the degree of erosion threat to the soil and analyze runoff conditions in critical areas. The introductory part summarizes information about the studied area and methods for calculation. The erosion analysis is processed in the design part and suitable anti-erosion and anti-flood measures will be proposed. DesQ-MaxQ software was used to calculate the runoff conditions, graphical outputs and analysis of erosion conditions were created in the ArcGIS environment.
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Effects of water erosion on selected physical properties of soil
Larišová, Lucie ; Toman,, František (referee) ; Hlavčová,, Kamila (referee) ; Dumbrovský, Miroslav (advisor)
The aim of the dissertation thesis is the assessment of the degradation of selected soil properties due to water erosion, including the temporal dynamics of these properties and the assessment of how this change affects the cumulative infiltration of the soil in watershed. Between 2012 and 2015, undisturbed and disturbed soil samples were collected on three experimental areas and the cumulative infiltration of the soil was measured. Experimental areas were selected on sloping, erosion-endangered blocks of arable land, in three cadastral territories of the Czech Republic, and this in the cadastral areas of Větřkovice, Čejkovice and Hustopeče. The cumulative infiltration was measured in three landscapes positions of the slope and soil samples were collected in three landscapes positions of the slope, at soil crust, topsoil and subsoil. In the Pedological Laboratory at the Institute of Landscape Water Management, Brno University of Technology, the particle density, bulk density, porosity, soil texture and water stable aggregates were determined from the samples taken. The cumulative infiltration of the soil was measured using the Double Ring Infiltrometer, the Mini Disc Infiltrometer and the mobile rainfall simulator. Using one-way analysis of variance to analyze the differences among soil samples and infiltration test. In addition, the dependence of soil crust formation, its physical properties and its influence on the cumulative infiltration of the soil were monitored on the areas.
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Study of possibilities protection against rural zone water
Burešová, Erika ; Roubcová, Radka (referee) ; Milerski, Rudolf (advisor)
This thesis is divided into two parts. The first part of thesis deals with the problems of surface runoff, determination of surface runoff and measures to eliminate consequences of surface runoff. There is also mention of water erosion which is an accompanying phenomenon of surface runoff. The second section paper examines the threat to area in the Napajedla city of water. There are two possible solutions to the protection of the territory. For the valuation is used directive to calculate to the drain age of VMP and software HEC-RAS 4.1.0 for assassment the capacity of water equipment.
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