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Comparison of Monetary Policy in Case of FED and ECB
Ptáčník, Václav
The purpose of the thesis is to assess the impact of monetary policy upon economic performance in the euro area and The United States. The research focuses on differences in responsiveness of real output of economies on money supply and real interest Rate. The responsiveness is examined using Granger causality. The thesis proves whether money supply and real interest rate granger causes real output in the United States and euro area. Also monetary policy itself is described and compared using structural breaks in time series, Taylor rule, Galí rule and Mankiw rule. The empirical results are compared to each other and indicate that there has been differences in performing monetary policy in the United States and euro area; nevertheless responsiveness on monetary policy is in both economies very similar.
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ECB Monetary Policy: "One Size Doesn't Fit All" Problem and Its Impact on Credits Volume
Nedvěd, Petr ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Novák, Jiří (referee)
In this work, I analyse inappropriateness of single monetary policy in the euro area and its impact on credit growth for the oldest twelve euro members and a time period spanning 1999Q1-2013Q3. The inappropriateness is expressed by deviations of actual interest rate from Taylor rule prescriptions. The obtained results are in line with a majority of existing literature since they show that the ECB's single interest rate was the least suitable for the so called PIIGS countries prior to the recent economic crisis. The impact of the deviations on credit growth is estimated econometrically by dynamic panel data estimation. The findings confirm my hypothesis that the deviations from the Taylor rule have a significant positive effect on credits volume, i.e. the higher is the Taylor rule prescription above the actual rate, the higher is the credit growth.
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Estimating implicit inflation target of the ECB
Melioris, Libor ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Geršl, Adam (referee)
Existing estimations of implicit inflation target are primarily based on the assumption of parameter stability over time horizon. This work relaxes this assumption and proposes alternative framework based on time-varying parameter model. We aim on behaviour of European Central Bank in order to compare its official proclamations of price stability levels with our implicit estimations. We will also examine how two pillar strategy of European Central Bank is practically used.
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Essays on Monetary Policy
Žáček, Jan ; Holub, Tomáš (advisor) ; Horváth, Roman (referee) ; Tillmann, Peter (referee) ; Bulíř, Aleš (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Economic Studies Essays on monetary policy Abstract Author: Mgr. Jan Žáček Advisor: doc. Mgr. Tomáš Holub, Ph.D. Academic year: 2020/2021 Abstract The dissertation thesis consists of three research papers in the field of mone- tary policy. All three papers connect the same topic - monetary policy rules. The first two papers focus on monetary policy rules augmented with finan- cial variables from a theoretical point of view, while the third paper provides international empirical evidence on the monetary policy conduct taking into account financial cycle developments. In the first paper I employ a small-open economy dynamic stochastic gen- eral equilibrium (DSGE) model to examine whether the central bank's direct reaction to asset prices or credit-to-GDP ratio brings macroeconomic benefits in terms of lower volatility of inflation and output. I find that direct reaction to asset prices can be beneficial for a central bank; however, the result holds only for some domestic shocks. When facing shocks originating abroad, the usefulness of the augmented monetary policy rule deteriorates. Overall, the performance of the rule augmented with asset prices is shock-dependent, and therefore, any strict rule-like behaviour for a central bank operating within a...
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Důvody dlouhodobě nízkých úrokových sazeb České národní banky
Urbanová, Daniela
The bachelor thesis deals with the modification of the reaction function of the Czech National Bank by using modified Taylor rule. This rule was introduced in 1993 by US economist John Taylor as a rule of the interest rate. The financial instability is associated with rapid growth of credit activity and rapid growth of asset prices and the period after financial crisis is associated with the reluctance of banks to provide loans. Besides traditional variables of Taylor rule the instability of credit loans provided by commercial banks was included and the effect of this variable on repo rate of the CNB was examined especially after financial crisis. The observed period is from January 2001 to December 2016. The main part of the theoretical part is dedicated to monetary policy of the Czech National Bank and channels of the transmission mechanism, monetary policy rules, the environment of low interest rates in context of liquidity trap and the financial instability.
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Behaviorální chování v rozhodovacích procesech centrálních bank
Bureš, Jakub
I apply interest rate rules, especially Taylor rule, to identify basic determinants of the central banks decision-making process. And particularly interest rate FED, ECB, exchange rates, inflation, GDP The results confirmed herding behavior related to the central bank financial assets and its economic power in the US and Eurozone. The conclusions are discussed in relation to the Exchange rate movements and capital flows.
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Ekonomická krize a role Evropské centrální banky
Staněk, Dominik
The thesis provides an evaluation of monetary policy of the European central bank during the last financial crisis, mainly by using the Taylor rule. Different modifications of the Taylor rule will be compared and the best version will be used for an estimation of desired interest rate of member states of the eurozone. It will allow to compare their preferences with monetary policy of the European central bank.
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Aktivita a pasivita centrálních bank v průběhu krizí
Muzikář, Jakub
Bachelor thesis aims at function of central banks while applying interest rates and characterizing active and passive central bank. Thesis examines reaction function of central banks on inflation and output gap. Central banks are in this thesis de-scribed by monetary objectives in historical perspective, monetary instruments with which central banks are trying to meet monetary targets and central banking models. Thesis also uses Taylor rule to examine relation between character of monetary policy and macroeconomic variables. Based on results provided by analysis central banks are differentiated to active and passive ones.
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ECB Monetary Policy: "One Size Doesn't Fit All" Problem and Its Impact on Credits Volume
Nedvěd, Petr ; Baxa, Jaromír (advisor) ; Novák, Jiří (referee)
In this work, I analyse inappropriateness of single monetary policy in the euro area and its impact on credit growth for the oldest twelve euro members and a time period spanning 1999Q1-2013Q3. The inappropriateness is expressed by deviations of actual interest rate from Taylor rule prescriptions. The obtained results are in line with a majority of existing literature since they show that the ECB's single interest rate was the least suitable for the so called PIIGS countries prior to the recent economic crisis. The impact of the deviations on credit growth is estimated econometrically by dynamic panel data estimation. The findings confirm my hypothesis that the deviations from the Taylor rule have a significant positive effect on credits volume, i.e. the higher is the Taylor rule prescription above the actual rate, the higher is the credit growth.
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Estimating implicit inflation target of the ECB
Melioris, Libor ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Geršl, Adam (referee)
Existing estimations of implicit inflation target are primarily based on the assumption of parameter stability over time horizon. This work relaxes this assumption and proposes alternative framework based on time-varying parameter model. We aim on behaviour of European Central Bank in order to compare its official proclamations of price stability levels with our implicit estimations. We will also examine how two pillar strategy of European Central Bank is practically used.
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