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The importance of the Alps as a refugium in the Quarternary climate cycle with a focus on molluscs.
Gelnarová, Barbora ; Juřičková, Lucie (advisor) ; Coufal, Radovan (referee)
The Alps are a well-known glacial refugium, an important biodiversity hotspot and a centre of endemism for many species. This is due to their topological variability and the high heterogenity of their habitats, which thus provide a home for different species of organisms. In particular, the Eastern Alps represented an important glacial refugium and contributed to the survival of countless different species during the Quaternary climate cycle. This bachelor thesis is a literature review of mainly zoological publications that focus on the study of glacial refugia of terrestrial gastropods in the Alps. A large part of the thesis is devoted to the reasons for the considerable biodiversity, and especially the endemism, of this region. Another part deals with the postglacial dispersal spread of terrestrial gastropod species from their refugia. Key words: Alps, refugium, endemism, biodiversity, Quarternary, postglacional spread, molluscs, paleobiology
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Loss of valuable meadow biotopes in connection with the construction of new buildings
Nikodýmová, Amálie ; Křenová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Bílá, Karolína (referee)
- AJ The protection of natural habitats is crucial for maintaining biodiversity and providing ecosystem services. Despite efforts to protect within the Natura 2000 network, there is a decline in these valuable communities. The reasons for these changes are varied, with significant factors including habitat loss due to construction. This work focuses on methodological approaches to protecting grassland habitats within Natura 2000 sites and examines their relationship to urbanization using the example of the special area of conservation Šumava. It includes testing a methodology for assessing the impacts of construction on habitats and proposing solutions that could help improve the protection of natural habitats in the context of current and future construction projects. Key words: Natura 2000, biodiversity, meadows, development, the assessment of the impact of the proposal
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Ecology of the Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima) in the Czech Republic
Stejskalová, Nikol ; Weiser, Martin (advisor) ; Pergl, Jan (referee)
The Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima) is an invasive deciduous tree, which has spread to every continent except Antarctica from its original area. It came to the Czech Republic in the 19th century as ornamental tree to the gardens of castles and parks. Later it spread to surrounding cities, but also into wild nature. Nowadays we find it in the Czech Republic primarily in hotter and drier areas and human disturbed areas. Its occurrence in these areas may suggest ideal conditions, which A. altissima seeks for its growth and spread. Studied conditions in this bachelor thesis are light, temperature, soil, water availability and overall environment, which A. altissima finds in its native and non-native area. Limits for the individual conditions were investigated, and these could define, where A. altissima can appear and where it cannot. Then everything was linked to the conditions in the Czech Republic. The results show that its appearance in the Czech Republic is mostly affected by altitude and average annual temperature linked with it. Shading limits A. altissima, but less than it was expected. When it comes to soil and water availability, A. altissima is very undemanding. The question is if A. altissima has already managed to occupy every location where it is able to grow in the Czech Republic and...
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Impacts of illegal trade in endangered animal and plant species in terms of environmental safety
Čonková-Skybová, Izabela ; Chaloupková, Ilona (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the issue of illegal trade in endangered species and its impact on environmental security. In the first part of the work, illegal trade in endangered species is described, where the issue of endangered species, the extent of illegal trade, the most common causes, and consequences of illegal trade in endangered wild animals and plants are clarified in individual chapters. Subsequently, in the practical part, the practical aspect of this issue is analyzed, and the observance of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) by the Slovak Republic is analyzed. The analysis deals with a comparison of Slovak legislation with the legislation of other countries, the capacity and equipment of relevant state administration bodies. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of Slovakia in the field of illegal trade in endangered wild animals and plants are summarized. In response to the weaknesses, the work proposes a few measures that Slovakia should implement for more effective implementation of the CITES Convention.
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Human ecosystem
Lapšanská, Gabriela ; Vitková, Lubica (referee) ; Mléčka, Jan (advisor)
The diploma thesis focuses on the conversion of a railway brownfield. Abandoned and contaminated areas are currently becoming valuable resources for ecological sustainability and contribute to improving the quality of life in the city. The aim of the work is to find alternatives while respecting the existing construction with minor architectural interventions. Connecting the area with the urban structure, meaningful functional fulfillment, and year-round programming ensure the pulsation of a ‚living center‘ in the emerging landscape forest park.
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Fast-growing trees as a renewable energy source
Žvaková, Veronika ; Půčková, Helena (referee) ; Kotlík, Josef (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on biomass as a renewable energy sources. The main topic is fast growing trees and their effects on biological diversity, the local ecosystem and landscape ecology. Literature survey was conducted regarding using this kind of biomass in the Czech Republic. Thesis reviews technological methods of cultivation and treatment of fast growing trees.
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Hevlín – place in the landscape
Kubíčková, Karolína ; Veselá, Markéta (referee) ; Foretník, Jan (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to create a landscape that supports water retention and helps the river Dyje to create a branched, meandering watercourse. The design also deals with the permeability of the territory and the design of wooden objects that respond in function and shape to the created landscape.
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Temporální vývoj záborů zemědělské půdy ve vybraném území a jeho dopady na krajinu
Marek, Libor
The presented diploma thesis is devoted to the subject of the grabbing of agricultural land for the new construction of a bypass road in the village called Čebín. In the literature review are defined the basic terms and sources of the legal regulation of land grabbing and protection. The focus of the work lies in the analysis of the grabbing of agricultural land for the construction of the Čebín road bypass and its impact on the landscape and biodiversity. In the practical part will be addressed the route of the Čebín road bypass. The data provided by the Administration and maintenance of roads in the South Moravian Region were used in the work. According to the developed results, a comparsion of the creditworthiness of the agricultural land. Furthermore, the road bypass will be evaluated especially from the point of view of the temporal development of land grabbing and its impact on the landscape and the environment. The work is based on spatial plans and transport infrastructure plans. The conclusion of the work brings suggestions de lege ferenda.
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Posouzení stavu lesů a principů lesního hospodářství v zemích na území Karpat
Sklář, Petr
This bachelor thesis deals with the assessment of the condition of forests and the principles of forest management in the countries of the Carpathian Mountains. The thesis describes the climatic conditions, historical development and natural conditions of the region. Furthermore, is described in detail the state and level of forest management in each country and the factors or negative phenomena causing the disappearance or degradation of forests. The thesis concludes with a comparison of the forest management of each country regarding the principles of sustainable management and identifies the risks and opportunities for forest management development. The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of the state and level of forest management in the countries of the Carpathian region and to offer opportunities for its further development.
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Pozemkové úpravy a udržitelný rozvoj zemědělské krajiny
Bárek, Ondřej
I have chosen the topic of land consolidation on the basis of many years of working in the enterprise of the Agricultural and Commercial Cooperative (ZOD) Letonice, specifically as an operator of agricultural equipment. This area has become close to my heart and movement in the landscape has become my daily routine. The influence of the past, when our territory was suddenly subject to land consolidation and the creation of comprehensive area hunts for more acceptable farming, had a negative impact on the overall ecosystem of the landscape over time. The boundary lines between farming units have been eroded, the migratory element has been reduced or completely lost and the overall biodiversity of the landscape has been undermined. The above-mentioned problems have also affected the municipality of Letonice, where the landscape has been eroded mainly by water erosion and the land and dirt roads are currently in a poor state. The work will try to outline this situation more and also try to solve the mentioned problems.
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