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Porovnání ultrajemných atmosférických aerosolů v Praze a Budapešti
Matějková, Daniela ; Borsós, T. ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Salma, I. ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Smolík, Jiří
Data measured in Prague suburbs and Budapest city center have been compared in the time period from November 1, 2008 until August 31, 2009 in the size range from 10 nm to 1 µm. Total average particle number concentrations were calculated, 6.8×103 particles/cm3 in Prague, and 1.3×104 particles/cm3 in Budapest. The size distributions were mostly bimodal with the mode located either in the Aitken (25–100 nm) or in the accumulation mode range (> 100 nm). When new particle formation started in the atmosphere, the nucleation mode (< 25 nm) appeared growing from the lowest detectable sizes upwards.
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Deposition of Inhalants in the Human Respiratory Tract
Kovářová, E. ; Ždímal, Vladimír
Size distributions were determined of particles generated by two types of aerosol inhalers, using three different dosage forms, each of them containing another active substance. It was found that only 6% of inhaled particles deposit in the target region even though 90% of them reach this region. When holding the breath after dose aplication, the deposition efficiency may increase a little. Despite some differences between the individual dosage forms none of them proved to be too beneficial in terms of particle deposition efficiency in the target region. Measurements under various temperatures and relative humidities showed that all studied inhalants are hydrophobic; the measured size distributions essentially did not change even at high relative humidities simulating conditions in the real respiratory tract.
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Analysis of Elemental and Organic Carbon Eerosols: Crossroad vs. Suburban Area
Vodička, Petr ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Smolík, Jiří
Contribution present measurements of elemental and organic carbon aerosols during three measuring campaigns in periods 12.-15.5.09, 24.-27.8.09 and 6.-9.10.09. Measurements were performed in parallel at the crossroad Kamýcká-Suchdolská (outskirt part of Prague) and the Institute ICPF areal (urban background station). Measurements were carried out on on-line devices, in the two-hour intervals, with temperature program Eusaar2 on PM2.5 size fractions. The measurement results show that the field on-line device for measuring ECOC are suitable for monitoring of emissions from transport. Two-hour time resolution it allows to monitor the traffic intensity fluctuations caused by air pollution.
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