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Adaptivní řízení veřejného osvětlení
Janiga, Peter ; Gašparovský, Dionýz ; Barčík, Michal ; Lipnický, Lukáš
Public lighting is a specific type of lighting system, which various requirements. It is a lighting system which is subject to many influences. Some impacts are changing very rapidly but a lighting system is designed for a specific case. These effects are for example traffic density, conflict situations and the impact of weather. Comprehensive regulation taking into account all the effects not currently exist but particular systems taking into account the subtasks are occuring. Paper describes possible ways to control lighting systems based on current conditions. The aim is to show the possibilities and also the technical prerequisites for the realization of such systems. Described technology is currently in its early stages and pilots projects are preparing. Aim of this paper is give information about technology and open discuss about adaptive public lighting.
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Výpočet fotometrických veličin osvětlení komunikací při mezopických podmínkách
Dubnička, Roman ; Gašparovský, Dionýz ; Barčík, Michal ; Lipnický, Lukáš
At the present the mesopic photometry is hot topic in lighting engineering especially in the public lighting. The mesopic photometry is used in particular to consider roadlighting photometric parameters where mesopic vison is relevant to car drivers and pedestrians. Nowadays, works in the framework of the joint technical committee JTC001 at CIE is focused on mesopic photometry application. Within JTC001 there are two groups which are assigned to solve the stated problems. The first of them concerns fundamental problems on the processes of mesopic vision. e. g. Adaptation luminance, field of view, pupil diameter of the eye etc. The second group follows the results of the first group. It should provide practical solutions in the mesopic photometry. One of this topic is devoted to roadlighting calculations. Methodology of roadlighting calculations is laid down in the document CIE 140:2000 which is currently under revision at CIE Division 4 (TC 4-15). Calculations are still based on photopic vision, i. e. Photopic photometric quantities what disqualifies some innovative light sources mounted into luminaires which could be more efficient than traditional light sources if taking into account the mesopic conditions. It means that the old approach suppresses the usage of these luminaires because it does not consider appropriately the processes in the mesopic region where efficiency of the human eye is different. It depends on particular situation on the road and it is influenced by many other parameters. Therefore, new approach in the roadlight calculation emerged as a necessity for lighting engineers, who deal with roadlight, to consider mesopic conditions. Some preliminary results have been published in papers dealing with calculations based on the S/P ratio. This paper deals with roadlighting calculations assuming the mesopic photometry applied for various situations on the road with different roadlight luminaires and different light sources. Detailed analyses of possibilities how to use the mesopic photometry in practical calculations of photometric parameters of roadlighting for selected situations and luminaires are also presented in the paper..
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Vliv hustoty výpočetní sítě na výsledné fotometrické parametre ve veřejném osvětlení
Lipnický, Lukáš ; Gašparovský, Dionýz
Calculation and measurement of performance parameters of public lighting are performed in a grid of points defined by the CIE publication 140 [1] and European standard EN 13201-3.[2] Calculation grid defined in these documents was created at a time of less powerful computers and less precise measuring technology. Distance between two adjacent calculating points may be even 3 m, depending on the geometry of the road. This arrangement is too sparse in view of the fact that presently used computers can cope with much more denser grids in a shorter operation time and the measurement can be performed by luminance analyzers with more accuracy as well. Between the results of the calculation with different grid densities of calculation points there can be significant differences. This fact can be influenced by new optical systems and some LED luminaires which, as it was found out by measurements, may contain various local extremes in the LIDC. When calculating the performance parameters of public lighting with given grid density these extremes may fall between calculation points and thus they are not included in the calculation. The solution is to propose a new density of calculation points which would be designed with respect to current possibilities of computer and measuring technology. The paper deals with the influence of grid density to the resulting photometric parameters of public lighting. In computing software, calculation grid of points according to EN 13201-3 and calculation grid with half and 2 to 10-times densification of calculation points will be used in order to capture the impact of given local extremes to the resulting parameters using luminaires with different optical systems. The results of these calculations will be used as the basis to determine an appropriate density of calculation and measurement grid. The results will be used in the preparation of future revisions of normative documents, which provide a method for determining points of calculation and measurement grid.
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Vnitřní pracoviště bez denního osvětlení: Skutečný problém
Dubnička, Roman ; Smola, Alfonz ; Lipnický, Lukáš ; Barčík, Michal
In general, lighting systems are subjected to verification of photometric parameters after installation what is usually performed by field trial according to lighting project as required by the standard EN 12464-1. Illumination of indoor workplaces is normally based only on artificial lighting without access of daylight through windows or rooflights. To achieve good visual performance for workers, higher illuminance level at the workplace is required. Moreover, in some countries these requirements to photometric parameters shall follow legislative documents which prescribe illuminance level at the workplace. In Slovak Republic the legal requirement for total maintained illuminance is 1 500 lx for indoor workplaces without daylight if any alternative arrangements are not ensured for the workers and long-term stay of persons is declared at the workplace what should reduce health impact of the persons in that space without daylight. This is controlled by the Public Health Authority as one of the requirements for commissioning of the building. More luminaires with appropriate light sources can easily satisfy that illuminance level. But on the other hand, energy consumption for this lighting system is much higher what negatively influences the classification according to the system for energy performance of buildings as requirement of the EU directive 2010/31/EC.Requirements for lighting systems are stated in the document EN 15193. This paper puts focus on workplaces without access of any daylight. Measurements of photometric parameters of lighting systems were performed with respect to the energy performance of building according to requirements of the standard EN 15193. Based on analyses of the results energy performance of lighting systems will be figured out. Suggestions to possible options how to satisfy legislative and normative requirements with respect to lighting systems used in illumination of indoor workplaces will be also presented.
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