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Komunikace na střední škole praktické jednoleté a dvouleté
Zemanová, Barbora
Abstract This bachelor's thesis centers on the topic of communication in one-year and two-year secondary practical school. In the first part of the thesis, I explain the concept of communication, forms of communication, communication disorders, pedagogical communication, and its participants. Furthermore, I focus on the explanation of the concepts of augmentative and alternative communication, its forms, and its use for individuals with disabilities. I discuss secondary education for individuals with communication disorders in the final chapter of the theoretical section. The empirical part of the thesis is focused on the evaluation of the results of an exploratory survey aimed at pedagogical staff of one-year and two-year practical schools.
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Y chromosome in the mouse hybrid zone
Rubík, Pavel ; Munclinger, Pavel (advisor) ; Zemanová, Barbora (referee)
The contact zone between subspecies of house mouse Mus musculus musculus and Mus musculus domesticus is one of the most intensively studied hybrid zones. It is also due to extensive introgression of the Y chromosome of M. m. musculus subspecies to the genetic background of M. m. domesticus. One theory of the origin of the introgression explains it by intragenomic conflict between the sexes. With a set of variable microsatellite markers on the Y chromosome, I have examined the validity of this theory by simple approaches revealing the history of the introgression area. It turned out that overly big variability of our markers makes the revelation of this theory impossible. Our markers have been found suitable for use in the analysis of population structure of house mouse. Thanks to them, we can identify migrants between localities and estimate the level of closeness of the population structure in relation to migrants from the neighborhood. Populations in our analysis proved to be relatively closed and resistant to the influx of migrants. Despite the conclusions of previous research where the dispersion of males ran up to one kilometer, I have discovered a relatively large number of migrations to a distance of thirty kilometers. Keywords Mus musculus musculus, Mus musculus domesticus, Y chromosome,...
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Cluster analysis for functional data
Zemanová, Barbora ; Komárek, Arnošt (advisor) ; Hušková, Marie (referee)
In this work we deal with cluster analysis for functional data. Functional data contain a set of subjects that are characterized by repeated measurements of a variable. Based on these measurements we want to split the subjects into groups (clusters). The subjects in a single cluster should be similar and differ from subjects in the other clusters. The first approach we use is the reduction of data dimension followed by the clustering method K-means. The second approach is to use a finite mixture of normal linear mixed models. We estimate parameters of the model by maximum likelihood using the EM algorithm. Throughout the work we apply all described procedures to real meteorological data.
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Internal structure of the Balkan refugium using Erinaceus roumanicus as a model organism
Eliášová, Kristýna ; Černá Bolfíková, Barbora (advisor) ; Zemanová, Barbora (referee)
The aim of this work was to describe the spatial distribution of genetic variability of the northern white-breasted hedgehog (E. roumanicus), mainly within the Balkan Peninsula and Central Europe, as these areas are crucial for understanding the effects of Pleistocene climate oscillations on the genetic architecture of the species. Based on this spatial distribution, hypotheses about the possible structuring of the Balkan refugia were formulated. A total of 260 individuals and 9 microsatellite loci were used for the analysis. Using the approach of landscape and population genetics several possible isolated subpopulations within the area surveyed were identified. Unique status was proved for a population originating from Crete, probably influenced by mechanisms of island evolution. Differences from the rest of the range were ascertained also in population from the Czech Republic, located in a secondary contact zone with the E. europeaus. The role of interspecific interactions and possible introgression should be considered in this case. In the area of Romania and the area south of the Balkan Peninsula the highest genetic distances between individuals were identified, probably associated with the occurrence of geographical barriers and the possible presence of glacial subrefugia. Other identified...
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Internal structure of the Balkan refugium using Erinaceus roumanicus as a model organism
Eliášová, Kristýna ; Černá Bolfíková, Barbora (advisor) ; Zemanová, Barbora (referee)
The aim of this work was to describe the spatial distribution of genetic variability of the northern white-breasted hedgehog (E. roumanicus), mainly within the Balkan Peninsula and Central Europe, as these areas are crucial for understanding the effects of Pleistocene climate oscillations on the genetic architecture of the species. Based on this spatial distribution, hypotheses about the possible structuring of the Balkan refugia were formulated. A total of 260 individuals and 9 microsatellite loci were used for the analysis. Using the approach of landscape and population genetics several possible isolated subpopulations within the area surveyed were identified. Unique status was proved for a population originating from Crete, probably influenced by mechanisms of island evolution. Differences from the rest of the range were ascertained also in population from the Czech Republic, located in a secondary contact zone with the E. europeaus. The role of interspecific interactions and possible introgression should be considered in this case. In the area of Romania and the area south of the Balkan Peninsula the highest genetic distances between individuals were identified, probably associated with the occurrence of geographical barriers and the possible presence of glacial subrefugia. Other identified...
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Y chromosome in the mouse hybrid zone
Rubík, Pavel ; Munclinger, Pavel (advisor) ; Zemanová, Barbora (referee)
The contact zone between subspecies of house mouse Mus musculus musculus and Mus musculus domesticus is one of the most intensively studied hybrid zones. It is also due to extensive introgression of the Y chromosome of M. m. musculus subspecies to the genetic background of M. m. domesticus. One theory of the origin of the introgression explains it by intragenomic conflict between the sexes. With a set of variable microsatellite markers on the Y chromosome, I have examined the validity of this theory by simple approaches revealing the history of the introgression area. It turned out that overly big variability of our markers makes the revelation of this theory impossible. Our markers have been found suitable for use in the analysis of population structure of house mouse. Thanks to them, we can identify migrants between localities and estimate the level of closeness of the population structure in relation to migrants from the neighborhood. Populations in our analysis proved to be relatively closed and resistant to the influx of migrants. Despite the conclusions of previous research where the dispersion of males ran up to one kilometer, I have discovered a relatively large number of migrations to a distance of thirty kilometers. Keywords Mus musculus musculus, Mus musculus domesticus, Y chromosome,...
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Cluster analysis for functional data
Zemanová, Barbora ; Komárek, Arnošt (advisor) ; Hušková, Marie (referee)
In this work we deal with cluster analysis for functional data. Functional data contain a set of subjects that are characterized by repeated measurements of a variable. Based on these measurements we want to split the subjects into groups (clusters). The subjects in a single cluster should be similar and differ from subjects in the other clusters. The first approach we use is the reduction of data dimension followed by the clustering method K-means. The second approach is to use a finite mixture of normal linear mixed models. We estimate parameters of the model by maximum likelihood using the EM algorithm. Throughout the work we apply all described procedures to real meteorological data.
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Vliv přidané hodnoty ke kakaovým bobům za účelem zvýšení příjmů drobných farmářů v Ghaně
Zemanová, Barbora
The primary aim of this thesis is to investigate the possibility of increasing the value addition to cocoa beans. This thesis offers possible opportunities to increase value addition by homemade chocolate processing and thereby increasing income of the farmers. The basic characteristics of the commodity is presented. Based on the analysis of the chosen farm business plan and financial analysis are made to evaluate the feasibility, profitability and profit. A regression analysis is made to determine dependence between potential returns and the social and economic consequences which affect the life of the farmers and their family. On the basis of the obtained results are set out recommendations and conclusions towards the improvement of living standarts of the small scale cocoa farmers in Ghana.
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