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The impact and comparison of imaging methods in prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects
Frisová, Veronika ; Roček, Miloslav (advisor) ; Eliáš, Pavel (referee) ; Vaněčková, Manuela (referee)
Traditional two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound has been and remains the mainstay of prenatal screening and diagnosis of congenital structural abnormalities. However, real clinical impact of the newer innovative methods (3D/4D ultrasound and MRI) remains to be unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of combined examination by ultrasound and fetal magnetic resonance on prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects and optimization of perinatal management. Both imaging methods were in our department performed on the same day by a single operator specialized in fetal medicine. Therefore, another aim of this study was to compare the importance of 2D and 3D/4D ultrasound and magnetic resonance for exactness of the prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects. 212 pregnancies were examined. 89% of patients were referred for abnormal or suspicious finding at local ultrasound examination and 11% for an increased risk of congenital defects due to an abnormal family history or an abnormal result of previous laboratory testing. Detailed postnatal diagnosis was successfully retrieved in 113 (53%) of referred pregnancies. Only this group of pregnancies with known detailed postnatal diagnosis was used for the evaluation of the impact of combined imaging by ultrasound and magnetic resonance on prenatal diagnosis of...
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Use of the prenatal MRI in the orofacial cleft diagnosis
Bělobrádek, Zdeněk ; Eliáš, Pavel (advisor) ; Skotáková, Jarmila (referee) ; Vaněčková, Manuela (referee)
Use of the prenatal MRI in the orofacial cleft diagnostics Aim: To evaluate the accuracy and credibility of MRI in the assessment of the fetal facial cleft lip defects severity using interobserver agreement between several specialists. Material and method: Our study consists of 23 MRI examinations of fetuses in gestation age before 24 week with differently severe lip clefts, which was detected by ultrasound as well as other 17 examinations without face anomaly (40 cases in total). Datasets were anonymized and analyzed by 3 radiologists and statistical analysis was performed. According to standardised protocol presence of cleft and degree of severity was evaluated - alveolar ridge involvement, continuation or noncontinuation to the pallate. The examinations were perfomed by Siemens Magnetom Symfony Masestro Class 1,5T with use of array coils. Results: Result of MRI was in 20 cases (87 %) in agreement with clinical findings. We found 3 discrepancies (13 %), mainly due to graphically limited examination caused by fetal movements. The best degree of interpretative agreement was in the evaluation of alveolar ridge involvement - 94 % (generalized kappa 0,894, SE 0,106), for isolated cleft lip it was 90 % (generalized kappa 0,848, SE 0,083) and for defect of palatte 86 % (generalized kappa 0,711, SE...
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The impact and comparison of imaging methods in prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects
Frisová, Veronika ; Roček, Miloslav (advisor) ; Eliáš, Pavel (referee) ; Vaněčková, Manuela (referee)
Traditional two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound has been and remains the mainstay of prenatal screening and diagnosis of congenital structural abnormalities. However, real clinical impact of the newer innovative methods (3D/4D ultrasound and MRI) remains to be unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of combined examination by ultrasound and fetal magnetic resonance on prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects and optimization of perinatal management. Both imaging methods were in our department performed on the same day by a single operator specialized in fetal medicine. Therefore, another aim of this study was to compare the importance of 2D and 3D/4D ultrasound and magnetic resonance for exactness of the prenatal diagnosis of congenital defects. 212 pregnancies were examined. 89% of patients were referred for abnormal or suspicious finding at local ultrasound examination and 11% for an increased risk of congenital defects due to an abnormal family history or an abnormal result of previous laboratory testing. Detailed postnatal diagnosis was successfully retrieved in 113 (53%) of referred pregnancies. Only this group of pregnancies with known detailed postnatal diagnosis was used for the evaluation of the impact of combined imaging by ultrasound and magnetic resonance on prenatal diagnosis of...
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Multiple sclerosis and the measurement of T2 relaxation time in the central gray matter structures of the brain
Burgetová, Andrea ; Vaněčková, Manuela (advisor) ; Süssová, Jana (referee) ; Lisý, Jiří (referee)
Objective: The aim is to adduce the quantitative evidence of increased iron accumulation in the basal ganglia in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in comparison with the control group. Another aim is to determine the relationship between iron accumulation and other parameters determined in MS: lesion load (LL), brain parenchymal fraction (BPF). Patients and methods: T2 relaxometry (T2) was used for the measurement. 970 patients with clinically defined MS and 117 controls, incl. the MultiechoGrase sequence, were examined by MR to calculate T2. Patients were then divided into 3 subgroups according to LL value and into 3 subgroups according to BPF. T2 was correlated between groups age matched. Conclusions: This work provided quantitative evidence of the increased accumulation of iron in the basal ganglia in patients with MS in comparison with the healthy controls. We subsequently found a higher accumulation of iron in the basal ganglia in the subgroup with a smaller volume of plaques (according to LL) than in healthy controls and in the subgroup with a larger volume of LL. The hypothesis of a neurodegenerative component to this disease is supported by the changes in iron content in the brain.
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