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Electropalatographic study of voicing assimilation in Czech alveolar plosives
Vaněčková, Kateřina ; Skarnitzl, Radek (advisor) ; Machač, Pavel (referee)
The phonological contrast of voicing is based on several phonetic differences which are yet to be satisfactorily explained. The most obvious of them is the presence of vocal cords vibration which has so far been considered crucial in Czech. For capturing the differences in other dimensions, the concept of the strength of articulation, or fortis/lenis contrast have been established. There are some rare cases in languages when the couple of phonemes with the voicing contrast differs also in another feature that cannot be explained by the fortis/lenis dimension correlates. This is the case of Czech alveolar plosives which have been described to differ in their place of articulation: the linguopalatal contact is more anterior for [t] that for [d]. The main aim of this study is to ascertain whether this contrast can indicate the original phoneme in the contexts where the voicing contrast is neutralized due to assimilation. Nevertheless, our electropalatographic data from 7 speakers of Czech show that not only the phonemes do not seem to influence the anteriority of the voicing realisation, but also the very asymmetry of linguopalatal contact in the voicing realisations tends to be neutralised in the segmental context used in our study, that is in coda position in the word-final syllable followed by the...
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Electropalatographic study of voicing assimilation in Czech alveolar plosives
Vaněčková, Kateřina ; Skarnitzl, Radek (advisor) ; Machač, Pavel (referee)
The phonological contrast of voicing is based on several phonetic differences which are yet to be satisfactorily explained. The most obvious of them is the presence of vocal cords vibration which has so far been considered crucial in Czech. For capturing the differences in other dimensions, the concept of the strength of articulation, or fortis/lenis contrast have been established. There are some rare cases in languages when the couple of phonemes with the voicing contrast differs also in another feature that cannot be explained by the fortis/lenis dimension correlates. This is the case of Czech alveolar plosives which have been described to differ in their place of articulation: the linguopalatal contact is more anterior for [t] that for [d]. The main aim of this study is to ascertain whether this contrast can indicate the original phoneme in the contexts where the voicing contrast is neutralized due to assimilation. Nevertheless, our electropalatographic data from 7 speakers of Czech show that not only the phonemes do not seem to influence the anteriority of the voicing realisation, but also the very asymmetry of linguopalatal contact in the voicing realisations tends to be neutralised in the segmental context used in our study, that is in coda position in the word-final syllable followed by the...
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Invasive alien plants in Trebonsko region
Vaněčková, Kateřina ; Vardarman, Johana (advisor) ; Justová, Helena (referee)
This thesis focuses on the issue of invasive plant species around the Stropnice Special Area of Conservation located in the region of Třeboň.
The aim of this thesis was to map following invasive plant species: Canadian goldenrod (Solidago canadensis), Giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea), Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica), Sakhalin knotweed (Reynoutria sachalinensis), Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) and Giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum).
The locations of the above-mentioned species were mapped using GPS. The data were then digitized and map outputs were created using the ArcGIS 10.2.2 program. These outputs identified the expansion of the invasive plant species.
The results showed that giant hogweed is not located in the mapped area, but the other mapped invasive plant species were found there. These species most often invaded the biotope of mesic Arrhenatherum meadows (T1.1), followed by
tall-sedge beds (M1.7) and anthropogenic areas with sporadic vegetation outside human settlements (X6).
The problem of invasive plant species can be solved by their removal and by educating the general public about the risks these plants pose.
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