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Facial reconstruction: an error of facial features prediction and facial recognition
Trsová, Iva ; Zedníková Malá, Pavla (advisor) ; Eliášová, Hana (referee)
Approximate facial reconstruction by features of the skull is one of the ways of estimating a person's appearance and assessing their identity. However, its use in practice has often been criticised. Even in our modern age, it is not an exclusively scientific method with an outstanding success ratio that would under any circumstances lead to identification of the target individual. It is applied primarily in archeology and forensic anthropology. There are more predictions methods for each part of the face. Each author prefers a different one and new ones are still emerging. The aim of the thesis is to provide an overview of the current prediction methods used in frontal facial reconstruction and also provide information about their precision/reliability. Furthermore, the thesis introduces the matter of facial reconstruction with focus on the changes in the position or size of the facial features (eyes, nose, lips). Key words: facial reconstruction, facial prediction, methods of reconstruction, change the position of facial features, accuracy
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Human Diseases Caused by Germline Mutations of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
Trsová, Iva ; Křepelová, Anna (advisor) ; Vícha, Aleš (referee)
The Hedgehog signalling pathway is involved in regulation of differentiation of embryonic cells, in body patterning, in development of brain, bone, muscle, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and in maintenance and regeneration of adult tissues. The pathway includes more than 10 proteins: receptors, coreceptors, ligands, transcription effectors and repressors, linked in complex functional interactions. Disruption of the hedgehog signalling during embryogenesis can lead to a serious developmental disorder - to holoprosencephaly. Loss-of- function mutations of PTCH1 lead to Gorlin syndrome - a hereditary predisposition to basal cell carcinoma associated with anomalies of brain, scull, vertebrae, and ribs. Both holoprosencephaly and Gorlin syndrome have been shown to be genetically heterogeneous, both can be caused by germline mutations of several genes of the Hedgehog signalling pathway. From 2006 to 2016, the PTCH1 gene was analysed for diagnostic purposes in 70 unrelated patients with suspicion of Gorlin syndrome (MIM 109400) referred to the Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Medical School and University Hospital Motol, Prague. A pathogenic variant of the PTCH1 gene was detected in 35 (50%) of patients. No mutation was found in 35 patients, 10 of them fulfilled, and 25 of them did not...
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Human Diseases Caused by Germline Mutations of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
Trsová, Iva ; Křepelová, Anna (advisor) ; Vícha, Aleš (referee)
The Hedgehog signalling pathway is involved in regulation of differentiation of embryonic cells, in body patterning, in development of brain, bone, muscle, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and in maintenance and regeneration of adult tissues. The pathway includes more than 10 proteins: receptors, coreceptors, ligands, transcription effectors and repressors, linked in complex functional interactions. Disruption of the hedgehog signalling during embryogenesis can lead to a serious developmental disorder - to holoprosencephaly. Loss-of- function mutations of PTCH1 lead to Gorlin syndrome - a hereditary predisposition to basal cell carcinoma associated with anomalies of brain, scull, vertebrae, and ribs. Both holoprosencephaly and Gorlin syndrome have been shown to be genetically heterogeneous, both can be caused by germline mutations of several genes of the Hedgehog signalling pathway. From 2006 to 2016, the PTCH1 gene was analysed for diagnostic purposes in 70 unrelated patients with suspicion of Gorlin syndrome (MIM 109400) referred to the Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Medical School and University Hospital Motol, Prague. A pathogenic variant of the PTCH1 gene was detected in 35 (50%) of patients. No mutation was found in 35 patients, 10 of them fulfilled, and 25 of them did not...
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Facial reconstruction: an error of facial features prediction and facial recognition
Trsová, Iva ; Zedníková Malá, Pavla (advisor) ; Bejdová, Šárka (referee)
Approximate facial reconstruction by features of the skull is one of the ways of estimating a person's appearance and assessing their identity. However, its use in practice has often been criticised. Even in our modern age, it is not an exclusively scientific method with an outstanding success ratio that would under any circumstances lead to identification of the target individual. It is applied primarily in archeology and forensic anthropology. There are more predictions methods for each part of the face. Each author prefers a different one and new ones are still emerging. The aim of the thesis is to provide an overview of the current prediction methods used in frontal facial reconstruction and also provide information about their precision/reliability. Furthermore, the thesis introduces the matter of facial recognition with focus on the influence of the changes in the position or size of the facial features (eyes, nose, lips). Key words: facial reconstruction, facial prediction, methods of reconstruction, face recognition, change of the position of facial features, accuracy of prediction guides
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Facial reconstruction: an error of facial features prediction and facial recognition
Trsová, Iva ; Zedníková Malá, Pavla (advisor) ; Eliášová, Hana (referee)
Approximate facial reconstruction by features of the skull is one of the ways of estimating a person's appearance and assessing their identity. However, its use in practice has often been criticised. Even in our modern age, it is not an exclusively scientific method with an outstanding success ratio that would under any circumstances lead to identification of the target individual. It is applied primarily in archeology and forensic anthropology. There are more predictions methods for each part of the face. Each author prefers a different one and new ones are still emerging. The aim of the thesis is to provide an overview of the current prediction methods used in frontal facial reconstruction and also provide information about their precision/reliability. Furthermore, the thesis introduces the matter of facial reconstruction with focus on the changes in the position or size of the facial features (eyes, nose, lips). Key words: facial reconstruction, facial prediction, methods of reconstruction, change the position of facial features, accuracy
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