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Boron cluster conjugates as building blocks for the preparation of polymeric nanostructures
Steiner, Filip ; Matějíček, Pavel (advisor) ; Ďorďovič, Vladimír (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Science Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry Author: Bc. Filip Steiner Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Pavel Matějíček, Ph.D. Advisor: Ing. Mariusz Uchman, Ph.D. Title: Boron Cluster Conjugates as Building Blocks for the Preparation of Polymeric Nanostructures Abstract This diploma thesis investigates the synthesis and supramolecular behaviour of amphiphilic conjugates of closo-dodecaborate dianion, [B12H12]2- , with polycationic diblock copolymer poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-(N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl guanidium ethyl acrylate), PEOn-b-PGEAm. The boron cluster dumbbells were synthesised by the exoskeletal, electrophile-induced nucleophilic substitution (EINS) and by subsequently ring-opening reaction with various aliphatic diols, resulting in a hybrid dumbbell molecule. These molecules were used for preparation of nanoparticles by co- assembly with polycationic diblock copolymer in water. Resulted nanostructures were characterised by static and dynamic light scattering and NMR spectroscopy. Keywords: boron cluster compounds, polymeric nanoparticles, co-assembly, NMR, light scattering
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Essays on Endogenous Information Acquisition in Economics
Ilinov, Pavel ; Steiner, Jakub (advisor) ; Kováč, Eugen (referee) ; Michelucci, Fabio (referee)
English Abstracts Pavel Ilinov 1 First Chapter In the first chapter we consider two types of models: (i) a rational inattention problem and (ii) a conformity game, in which fully informed players find it costly to deviate from average behavior. We show that these problems are equivalent to each other, both from the perspective of the participant and the outside observer: each individual faces identical trade-offs in both situations, and an observer would not be able to distinguish the two models from the choice data they generate. We also establish when individual behavior in the conformity game maximizes welfare. 2 Second Chapter The second chapter shows that the principal can strictly benefit from delegating a decision to an agent whose opinion differs from that of the principal. We consider a "delegated expertise" problem in which the agent has an advantage in information acquisition relative to the principal, rather than having preexisting private information. When the principal is ex ante predisposed towards some action, it is optimal for her to hire an agent who is predisposed towards the same action, but to a lesser extent, since such an agent would acquire more information, which outweighs the bias stemming from misalignment. We show that belief misalignment between an agent and a principal is a...
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Boron cluster compounds as building blocks in supramolecular chemistry
Steiner, Filip ; Matějíček, Pavel (advisor) ; Strachota, Adam (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to get used to with the basics of boron chemistry, especially the exoskeletal derivatization of boron cluster compounds. Exoskeletal substitution of the closo-dodecaborate anion [B12H12]2- , which proceeds by the electrophile induced nucleophilic substitution (EINS) mechanism, provided a derivative containing a cyclic oxonium ring which was subsequently opened by reaction with alcohols (1-dodecanol, 1-octanol). The prepared compounds were characterized by 1 H, 13 C and 11 B NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The compounds will be used as building blocks for preparation of novel nanostructures via supramolecular chemistry approaches.
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Using Bluetooth technology for COVID-19 contact tracing
Jann, Ole ; Kocourek, Pavel ; Steiner, Jakub
The coronavirus is transmitted indiscriminately through proximity, which makes tracing infections difficult. Bluetooth tracing apps can reliably record transmission possibilities even when the participants do not know each other and do not remember the interaction. This can be done with a high degree of privacy. A well-designed app provides a similar level of privacy to not using an app at all. Decentralized data storage means that the privacy and security of the system is highly resilient against exploitation by any powerful actor (such as a government). A disadvantage of protecting privacy through decentralization is that tracing apps need to be taken up by the population one person at a time. Their use cannot be checked remotely and hence cannot be effectively mandated by governments or health authorities. A very high degree of take-up is necessary to make them an effective weapon against the virus. The eRouška app by COVID19cz follows these principles and offers a very high degree of privacy protection. Specifically, it does not collect any data except the phone numbers of non-infected users, and only collects anonymized meeting data (and no location or other metadata) of infected users – this data is only available to a hygienist after voluntary data transmission by the user. No data is transmitted to the server without explicit user agreement.
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An overview of foreign testing practices from an economic and statistical perspective
Steiner, Jakub ; Kulveit, J. ; Matysková, L. ; Jann, Ole ; Kocourek, Pavel ; Novák, Vladimír
Our testing algorithm for Covid-19 infection and how we adapt it in response to the epidemic's progress, contact tracing technology, and knowledge of the virus, will be crucial in our fight against the epidemic. That algorithm must be developed with input from epidemiologists, biochemists and others. As economists, we believe we also play a relevant role, since testing for Covid-19 infections is a classic case of the problem of allocating rare goods – tests. We have compiled the following annotated overview of testing practices abroad as a starting point for an interdisciplinary discussion, fully aware of our lack of sufficient knowledge in epidemiology, biochemistry and medicine.
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