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Relation of risk perception with cultural worldviews and value orientation of the Czech population
Ruso, Filip ; Richter, Eva (advisor) ; Vinopal, Jiří (referee)
(in English) This thesis deals with the perception of risk in the context of social sciences in the Czech environment. The thesis specifically examines the connection of risk perception with cultural worldviews and value orientations. Risk perception is measured using Likert scales of risk items, cultural worldviews through the concept of cultural cognition, which is based on the cultural theory of Douglas and Wildavsky, and value orientations through Schwartz's PVQ scales. Analysis of the data from the online questionnaire survey showed that only two of the four cultural worldviews - hierarchism and individualism - are transferable to the Czech environment, and therefore two indices - positive discrimination and empathy and anti- individualism - were created from the remaining items. Furthermore, cultural worldviews, unlike value orientations, were found to be more closely related to specific risk items and to contribute significantly to explaining risk perception. Hierarchists, for example, see great danger in accepting foreign migrants and, together with individualists, show greater concern towards risks threatening the social order. Environmental risks raise concerns among supporters of positive discrimination and empathy. Value orientations, as opposed to cultural worldviews, are much better...
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Edgework: Risk in extreme sports in terms of gender
Ruso, Filip ; Richter, Eva (advisor) ; Buriánek, Jiří (referee)
The topic of this thesis is voluntary risk-taking in extreme sports. Its primary theoretical basis is (possibly) the most comprehensive concept of voluntary risk-taking - the edgework by Stephan Lyng. The aim of the thesis was to find out whether extreme athletes differ in motivational factors or risk and emotion perception based on their gender. Since Lyng's Edgework suffers from a gender bias (respondents of his study were only men) and considering the aim of this work, it was necessary to conduct a proper research among Czech climbers. Its results are contrasted mainly with the edgework. Following analysis of macro and micro-sociological factors contributing to the engagement in extreme sports is based, apart from the edgework, on the compensation and adaptation theory, Goffman's concept of action and data from the conducted research. The final discussion summarizes the gender differences - women are less risk-averse in extreme sports, men consider extreme sports more attractive, women feel fear more often than men, society is more tolerant towards men as extreme athletes than women et cetera.
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