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Meaning of macroecological patterns and indices: mutual links, taxon invariance and successional sequences of assemblages
Pacák, Robert ; Šizling, Arnošt Leoš (advisor) ; Lepš, Jan (referee)
This diplmoma thesis aims to answer three different questions. First aim of this thesis was to analyze measures of alfa and gama diversity based on Hill numbers and find out, if these measures fullfill the weak principle of taxonomic invariance. In other words, my aim was to proove, independetly of used order of diversity, alfa and gama diversity will be always lower for higher taxonomic groups (eg. genus), than for lower taxonoic groups (eg. species). For this purpose, I used direct mathematical proof, and I showed, that equations for alfa and gama diversity are both taxonomic invariant. Moreover, I analyzed one specific measure of beta diversity as well. I showed, that beta diversity of order zero may increase or decrease in taxonomic switch. Second aim of this thesis was to examine influence of abundances on visualising of preferences of species for different enviromental factors. For thi purpose I desinged new methodology based on well-known RANK plots. This methodology should filter the influence of irregular data collectioning. In other words, this methodology should consider the case, that values of enviromental factors in data are not uniform, which may result into apparent preferences of species. Moreover, this methodology is desinged to take into considerations abundances of species as...
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Sense of patterns and indices in macroecology
Pacák, Robert ; Šizling, Arnošt Leoš (advisor) ; Storch, David (referee)
Ecological patterns and indices are often used and highly informative tool, which could express otherwise hardly conceivable ecological facts by poor numerical figures. When using simplification of the complex biological reality, however, we take a risk that the mere number-result will not have sufficient predictive value. Therefore, it is imperative to deeply understand to the mathematical ecological basis of all indices and equations that we decide to apply in our research. This paper will deal primarily with indices and equations for expression biodiversity and their potential environmental meanings in macreocology. Abstrakt Ekologické patterns a indexy jsou často užívaným a silně informativním nástrojem, kterým se dají vyjádřit jinak těžko představitelná ekologická fakta. Takovým zjednodušením komplexní biologické skutečnosti se ovšem vystavujeme nebezpečí, že pouhé číslo- výsledek nebude mít dostatečnou výpovědní hodnotu o reálné situaci. Proto je naprosto nezbytné do hloubky rozumět matematicko ekologickému základu všech indexů a vztahů, které se při výzkumu rozhodneme použít. Tato práce se bude zabývat především indexy a vztahy pro vyjádření biodiverzity a jejich možnými ekologickými interpretacemi v makroekologii. Key words: Ecological patterns, similarity indices, mathematical ecology,...
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Meaning of macroecological patterns and indices: mutual links, taxon invariance and successional sequences of assemblages
Pacák, Robert ; Šizling, Arnošt Leoš (advisor) ; Lepš, Jan (referee)
This diplmoma thesis aims to answer three different questions. First aim of this thesis was to analyze measures of alfa and gama diversity based on Hill numbers and find out, if these measures fullfill the weak principle of taxonomic invariance. In other words, my aim was to proove, independetly of used order of diversity, alfa and gama diversity will be always lower for higher taxonomic groups (eg. genus), than for lower taxonoic groups (eg. species). For this purpose, I used direct mathematical proof, and I showed, that equations for alfa and gama diversity are both taxonomic invariant. Moreover, I analyzed one specific measure of beta diversity as well. I showed, that beta diversity of order zero may increase or decrease in taxonomic switch. Second aim of this thesis was to examine influence of abundances on visualising of preferences of species for different enviromental factors. For thi purpose I desinged new methodology based on well-known RANK plots. This methodology should filter the influence of irregular data collectioning. In other words, this methodology should consider the case, that values of enviromental factors in data are not uniform, which may result into apparent preferences of species. Moreover, this methodology is desinged to take into considerations abundances of species as...
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Sense of patterns and indices in macroecology
Pacák, Robert ; Šizling, Arnošt Leoš (advisor) ; Storch, David (referee)
Ecological patterns and indices are often used and highly informative tool, which could express otherwise hardly conceivable ecological facts by poor numerical figures. When using simplification of the complex biological reality, however, we take a risk that the mere number-result will not have sufficient predictive value. Therefore, it is imperative to deeply understand to the mathematical ecological basis of all indices and equations that we decide to apply in our research. This paper will deal primarily with indices and equations for expression biodiversity and their potential environmental meanings in macreocology. Abstrakt Ekologické patterns a indexy jsou často užívaným a silně informativním nástrojem, kterým se dají vyjádřit jinak těžko představitelná ekologická fakta. Takovým zjednodušením komplexní biologické skutečnosti se ovšem vystavujeme nebezpečí, že pouhé číslo- výsledek nebude mít dostatečnou výpovědní hodnotu o reálné situaci. Proto je naprosto nezbytné do hloubky rozumět matematicko ekologickému základu všech indexů a vztahů, které se při výzkumu rozhodneme použít. Tato práce se bude zabývat především indexy a vztahy pro vyjádření biodiverzity a jejich možnými ekologickými interpretacemi v makroekologii. Key words: Ecological patterns, similarity indices, mathematical ecology,...
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