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Tepito and its transformation since 1960 to the present. The present forms of the culture of poverty
Omastová, Kristýna ; Opatrný, Josef (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
In this thesis I describe the transformation process of Tepito, the "brave neighbourhood" in Mexico City, from 1960 to the present day. In this microhistory, I intend to explore how the great socio-economic changes, that have occurred in Mexico in the last 60 years, have been reflected locally. I especially focus on the incorporation of the traditional Mexican society into the modern and globalized world; The process of corporatization of the popular sector into the politics of the single party; The transition from the stabilizing development economic model (characterized by the Import substitution industrialization) to neoliberalism; The gradual rupture of the social fabric hastened by the urban planning in the 60s and 70s, the 1985 earthquake and the proliferation of drug trafficking and armed violence; And the beginning of the digital era. I also try to explore the validity of the Culture of Poverty theory which was formulated by the anthropologist Oscar Lewis during his field research in Tepito in the late 50's of the last century and I describe which of the aspects of the theory have changed.
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Problematic neighborhoods of Lisbon
Omastová, Kristýna ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
In my thesis I deal with problematic neighborhoods of Lisbon. I describe their origin, typology and also kinds of problems they have to cope with, such as poverty, poor housing conditions, unemployment, illiteracy, social isolation and stigmatization, racism, insecurity, criminality and one of the hottest problems of current Lisbon, drug dealing. I also consider the effectiveness of the municipal and governmental intervention. Using the example of two neighborhoods (Quinta do Cabrinha and Cova da Moura) which are infamous for drug dealing I try to understand the origin of this problem and I consider possible ways how to handle it. As an illustration I tell typical inhabitants' life stories. This part of the study is based on fieldwork that I did in both of the neighborhoods. The concept of culture as a possible solution to social problems is introduced.
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