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Discourse-pragmatic functions of "like" in spoken discourse
Raušová, Veronika ; Brůhová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Dontcheva-Navrátilová, Olga (referee) ; Kozubíková Šandová, Jana (referee)
The discourse-pragmatic (D-P) uses of the word like represent a functionally versatile phenomenon typical of informal, spoken language. A marked increase in the use of this word and the resulting omnipresence in spoken discourse gave rise to many studies of various facets of its use in the past thirty years. Nevertheless, the research potential has not been exhausted, especially with the emergence of new, contemporary corpus data. Therefore, combining a quantitative approach typical of corpus linguistics with a qualitative approach inherent in pragmatics, the present "short-term diachronic comparable corpus linguistic [research]" (Leech et al., 2009: 28-29) aims to describe the changes that have occurred in the usage and of the D- P like between the early 1990s and the 2010s. The present study is based on a twofold analysis of 1000 random tokens of the D-P like; one half drawn out from the demographically sampled component of the original Spoken BNC1994, and the second half extracted from its successor, the Spoken BNC2014. Firstly, the quantitative analysis of the data was performed, revealing that the pronounced increase in the frequency of the word like in the BNC2014 is caused by the D-P uses, whose relative frequency per million words is estimated to have increased approximately nine times....
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Mathematical texts from the perspective ofdistributional phraseology
Steidlová, Lucie ; Klégr, Aleš (advisor) ; Dontcheva-Navrátilová, Olga (referee) ; Gledhill, Christopher (referee)
The thesis focuses on the distributional phraseology of mathematical research papers with the aim of providing a phraseological profile of this discourse through the description of its characteristic building blocks. It relies on inductive corpus-driven methodology, which is in accord with the exploratory character of the research. Specifically, the thesis makes use of the methodology promoted by Gledhill (2000) and Groom (e.g. 2010, 2019), which uses grammatical keywords as starting points for qualitative concordance analysis. The target discourse is represented by a corpus of mathematical research papers across three subfields which was designed and compiled for the purposes of the present study. A corpus of academic journal papers from a wide range of disciplines is used as the reference corpus. The detected keywords are used as pointers to potentially interesting phraseological units of the texts. Grounded in the framework of construction grammar, the thesis provides a detailed description of around fifty such units, i.e. the individual constructions the keywords appear in. Going one step further, the constructions are positioned in a network which represents their mutual relationships. Through the detailed descriptions on the one hand, and the relational networks on the other hand, the thesis...
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What may we hope for? Immanuel Kant's Philosophy of Religion
Dudek, Petr ; Kranát, Jan (advisor) ; Navrátilová, Olga (referee)
The diploma thesis named What may we hope for? Immanuel Kant's Philosophy of Religion has the goal to explore Kant's philosophy of religion to answer the question what a reasonable human being may hope for according to I. Kant. To reach the above mentioned goal we are going to deal with Kant's ethics of duty in the first chapter trying to find the answer to the question how the reasonable human being shall live to be able to hope at least. In the second chapter we focus on Kant's critique of proof of God's existence which precedes Kant's fundamental study about postulates of pure practical reason. From the third chapter we begin to map Kant's philosophy of religion chronologically. We enter Kant's prior to critical period and we try to interpret Kant's letter in which we can find the first important statements of our philosopher towards Christianity. Along with the fourth chapter we step into Kant's critical period and we process already mentioned study about postulates of pure practical reason. The last two chapters draw from I. Kant's post-critical document. In the chapter named About Human Nature we meet with Kant's concept of human nature, further we also compare where this concept corresponds with or perhaps differs from the previous philosophical periods of our philosopher. In the last...
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Richard Rorty and hermenutic tradition
Kováčik, Matej ; Kranát, Jan (advisor) ; Navrátilová, Olga (referee)
In his opus magnum Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature, the prominent (post)analytic Richard Rorty calls for such a philosophical inquiry, thath would rather fit under the term hermeneutics, than epistemology. Hermeneutics being the trademark term of an important movement of continental philosophy, this comes as a suprise. By examining Richard Rorty's criticism of epistemology and Hans- Georg Gadamer's concept of hermeneutics, this paper tries to find out, how much do they have in common. Source texts for this research are the topic-relatively relevant texts from the books Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature and Truth and Method. In conclusion, the main difference appears to lie in their answers to the hardly solveable question of importance of the very concept of truth. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Relationship of an individual and the state in the Elements of the Philosophy of Right of G. W. F. Hegel
Navrátilová, Olga ; Keřkovský, Pavel (advisor) ; Kranát, Jan (referee)
The motive of this diploma thesis The Relationship of an Individual and the State in the Elements of the Philosophy of Right of G. W. F. Hegel is to cope with the one-sided - but in the Czech Republic widespread - liberal critic of Hegel's political philosophy, which accuses this philosopher of etatism and suppressing the freedom of individual. The first part of the thesis briefly deals with the question of the relation between the citizen and the state in the political philosophies of Hegel's most important modern predecessors: Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Immanuel Kant. The second part introduces the main features of Hegel's political philosophy followed by a look at the connection between Hegel's theory of state and his philosophy of history. The main part of the thesis focuses on presenting the Elements of the Philosophy of Right in view of the theme of thesis. The conclusion tries to summarize the acquired information and to outline the unsolved problems. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The State and Religion in Hegel's Philosophy of Right
Navrátilová, Olga ; Karfíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Landa, Ivan (referee) ; Karásek, Jindřich (referee)
The aim of this dissertation, The State and Religion in Hegel's Philosophy of Right, is to explore the issue of the modern secular state and its relation to religion in the philosophy of G. W. F. Hegel. Before turning attention to this thinker two other concepts of the relationship between the state and religion, the one of Thomas Hobbes and the one of John Locke, will be introduced briefly. These two predecessors of Hegel in the modern political thought both share the same empirical presumptions; they nevertheless come to wholly different conclusions concerning the possibility of religious tolerance and the relationship of the state and the church. Hegel's political philosophy represents an alternative point of view on the nature of the secular state and its relation to religion to both of these exponents of the social contract theory of state. The question of the relationship between the state and religion, which will the focus in the main part of this work, will be discussed with regard to Hegel's concept of freedom. It is this very concept, which makes it possible to show both the mutual interconnection as well as the necessity of the differentiation between these two manifestations of the spirit, i.e. religion and the state, and to explain the tension, which remains present between them. This tension,...
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The esthetical experience as a religious experience: Gadamer and Luther.
Taufer, Filip ; Gallus, Petr (advisor) ; Navrátilová, Olga (referee)
H.-G. Gadamer prirovnáva skúsenosť umeleckého diela k hre, symbolu a slávnosti a v kontexte symbolu ďalej k náboženskému rituálu - Večeri Pánovej v poňatí Martina Luthera. Luther symbolické chápanie Kristovej prítomnosti vo Večeri Pánovej odmietal, a tak vyvstáva otázka, prečo Gadamer toto prirovnanie použil, v čom spočíva podobnosť jednotlivých skúseností a kde sú jej hranice. Táto práca sa snaží na otázku zodpovedať pomocou analýzy Gadamerovej filozofie umenia, Lutherovej sakramentologie a následného porovnania týchto problémov vo vybraných oblastiach. Dochádza k záverom, že podobnosť spočíva v štruktúre umeleckého diela a sviatosti. V oboch prípadoch sa nejedná o vzťah odkazovania, ale o sprítomňovanie významu v prvom prípade a Krista v druhom prípade. Rozdiely sa ukazujú za prvé v povahe sprítomňovaného - v umeleckom diele ide o duchovný význam, vo Večeri Pánovej podľa Luthera o skutočné, tj. zmyslové telo Krista. Za druhé význam umeleckého diela vzniká až s ním samým, kým obsah sviatosti je už vždy dopredu daný. Za tretie, v skúsenosti umeleckého diela je divácky subjekt jeho aktívnou súčasťou, kým v sviatosti prijíma dar.
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What may we hope for? Immanuel Kant's Philosophy of Religion
Dudek, Petr ; Kranát, Jan (advisor) ; Navrátilová, Olga (referee)
The diploma thesis named What may we hope for? Immanuel Kant's Philosophy of Religion has the goal to explore Kant's philosophy of religion to answer the question what a reasonable human being may hope for according to I. Kant. To reach the above mentioned goal we are going to deal with Kant's ethics of duty in the first chapter trying to find the answer to the question how the reasonable human being shall live to be able to hope at least. In the second chapter we focus on Kant's critique of proof of God's existence which precedes Kant's fundamental study about postulates of pure practical reason. From the third chapter we begin to map Kant's philosophy of religion chronologically. We enter Kant's prior to critical period and we try to interpret Kant's letter in which we can find the first important statements of our philosopher towards Christianity. Along with the fourth chapter we step into Kant's critical period and we process already mentioned study about postulates of pure practical reason. The last two chapters draw from I. Kant's post-critical document. In the chapter named About Human Nature we meet with Kant's concept of human nature, further we also compare where this concept corresponds with or perhaps differs from the previous philosophical periods of our philosopher. In the last...
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The State and Religion in Hegel's Philosophy of Right
Navrátilová, Olga ; Karfíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Landa, Ivan (referee) ; Karásek, Jindřich (referee)
The aim of this dissertation, The State and Religion in Hegel's Philosophy of Right, is to explore the issue of the modern secular state and its relation to religion in the philosophy of G. W. F. Hegel. Before turning attention to this thinker two other concepts of the relationship between the state and religion, the one of Thomas Hobbes and the one of John Locke, will be introduced briefly. These two predecessors of Hegel in the modern political thought both share the same empirical presumptions; they nevertheless come to wholly different conclusions concerning the possibility of religious tolerance and the relationship of the state and the church. Hegel's political philosophy represents an alternative point of view on the nature of the secular state and its relation to religion to both of these exponents of the social contract theory of state. The question of the relationship between the state and religion, which will the focus in the main part of this work, will be discussed with regard to Hegel's concept of freedom. It is this very concept, which makes it possible to show both the mutual interconnection as well as the necessity of the differentiation between these two manifestations of the spirit, i.e. religion and the state, and to explain the tension, which remains present between them. This tension,...
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